Solving the minimum labelling spanning tree problem using hybrid local search

Given a connected, undirected graph whose edges are labelled (or coloured), the minimum labelling spanning tree (MLST) problem seeks a spanning tree whose edges have the smallest number of distinct labels (or colours). In recent work, the MLST problem has been shown to be NP-hard and some effective heuristics (Modified Genetic Algorithm (MGA) and Pilot Method (PILOT)) have been proposed and analyzed. A hybrid local search method, that we call Group-Swap Variable Neighbourhood Search (GS-VNS), is proposed in this paper. It is obtained by combining two classic metaheuristics: Variable Neighbourhood Search (VNS) and Simulated Annealing (SA). Computational experiments show that GS-VNS outperforms MGA and PILOT. Furthermore, a comparison with the results provided by an exact approach shows that we may quickly obtain optimal or near-optimal solutions with the proposed heuristic

Descriptive profile of hip range of motion in elite tennis players

Objective: To describe the range of motion (ROM) profile (flexion, extension, abduction, internal and external rotation) of the hip in elite tennis players; and (b) to analyse if there are sex-related differences in the hip ROM. Design: Cohort study. Setting: Controlled laboratory environment. Participants: 81 male and 28 female tennis players completed this study. Main outcome measures: Descriptive measures of passive hip flexion, extension and abduction, and internal and external active and passive hip rotation ROM were taken. Magnitude-based inferences on differences between sex (males vs. females) and hip (dominant vs. non-dominant) were made by standardising differences. Results: No clinically meaningful bilateral and sex-related differences in any of the hip ROM measures. In addition, it was found that both males and females had restricted mobility measures on hip flexion (25 ] and passive [35 ]) Conclusions: Asymmetric hip joint ROM measures found during clinical examination and screening may indicate abnormalities and the need of rehabilitation (e.g., flexibility training). In addition, clinicians should include specific exercises (e.g., stretching) in their conditioning, prevention and rehabilitation programmes aiming to avoid restricted mobility of hip flexion (males ¼ 74 ; females ¼ 78 ), extension (males ¼ 1.5; females ¼ 0.4), abduction (males ¼ 35 ; females ¼ 34 ) and internal rotation (males ¼ 30 ; females ¼ 35) that might be generated as a consequence of playing tennis

Rayman, un ejemplo de Interoperabilidad a través de estándares Geo-espaciales de la información meteorológica

La observación de los fenómenos atmosféricos permite conocer además del clima de una región, los meteoros que se producen en ella. La utilidad de la información recolectada, unida a su posición, es notoria en muchas actividades profesionales relacionadas con la edificación, la construcción, la aeronáutica, las ciencias de la vida, la fauna, la flora, el turismo, las ciencias del mar, la agricultura, la biología así como para las energías renovables. El acceso a las observaciones meteorológicas mediante estándares geo-espaciales, como los definidos por el OGC, permite que los Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) puedan usar dichos datos conjuntamente con otros para generar productos de valor añadido o herramientas de ayuda en la toma de decisiones. En este trabajo se enumeran algunos campos de aplicación de la meteorología y se describen dos iniciativas gubernamentales a nivel Europeo y nacional que persiguen el acceso estandarizado a la información, así como la interoperabilidad. Una vez expuesto el marco normativo que se avecina, se describe la actividad de estandarización geo-espacial promovida por el consorcio OpenGis (OGC) y en especial el acceso Web a las observaciones de los sensores. A continuación se describen las principales formas de diseminación de la información meteorológica utilizadas actualmente: imágenes, tablas, meteogramas, rosas de los vientos, etc., para identificar varios casos de uso en los que estos tipos de acceso no satisfacen las necesidades. Se presenta la solución diseñada para Red Eléctrica de España S.A. en el proyecto de I+D+i RAYMAN, para la carga periódica de información en un almacén de datos espaciales, la posibilidad de explotarla tanto directamente, mediante Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG), como mediante servicios OGC. El trabajo finaliza con la enumeración de los resultados obtenidos y las conclusiones. Éstas apuntan la necesidad de que las agencias meteorológicas ofrezcan las observaciones realizadas por estaciones automáticas mediante servicios Web estandarizados e interoperable

Quinones Facilitate the Self-Assembly of the Phosphorylated Tubulin Binding Region of Tau into Fibrillar Polymers.

The fragment of tau containing the first and third tubulin-binding motifs, involved in self- assembly of tau, was phosphorylated by protein kinase A (PKA). In the presence of hydroxynonenal (HNE) or in the presence of quinones such as juglone, 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (coenzyme Q0 or DMM), or menadione, the polymerization of this phosphorylated tau fragment is catalyzed, whereas polymerization of the unmodified fragment takes place in a lesser extent. The quinones coenzyme Q0 and menadione are found in every cell, including neural cells, and may interact with tau protein to facilitate its assembly into filamentous structures. These tau filaments, assembled in the presence of quinones, have a fibrillar morphology very similar to that of paired helical filaments present in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease.pre-print862 K

The Architecture of the Periphery: An insight into the work of Aldo Rossi and its current relevance to the recent developments in the northern periphery of Madrid

open access articleThis article analyses the recent development of the periphery in Madrid within the context of Aldo Rossi’s seminal book The Architecture of the City. The objective of this article is to emphasise the importance and relevance of Rossi’s work within today’s context, and to highlight his work as a tool with which to understand the current peripheral developments across Europe. Secondly, the article examines some of the challenges left by Rossi’s work and looks at some of the critical work undertaken since the 1960’s.This is followed by a more specific look at the work of the most recent theorists working within the context of Madrid itself ( Abalos & Herreros) and considers them in light of Rossi’s work. The article finally tests this theoretical approach (theory) before looking at the (project) most recent development in the northern periphery of Madrid (2008-2017). The article concludes with some insights into the application of Rossi’s work today and highlights the current relevance of his work in relation to the continuing peripheral developments across Europe. Critically, the article is structured around the importance of the relationship between theory and project, as this tension was critical to the group La Tendenza, to which Rossi himself belonged

Q fever mimicking herpetic encephalitis

We describe a patient with temporal lobe encephalitis associated with primary Coxiella burnetii infection who lsresented with CT and MRI findings suggestive of herpes simplex encephaktis and an initial improvement during treatment with acyclovir. Q fever should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients whose manifestations suggest herpes encephalitis