A method to estimate weight and dimensions of aircraft gas turbine engines. Volume 1: Method of analysis

Weight and envelope dimensions of aircraft gas turbine engines are estimated within plus or minus 5% to 10% using a computer method based on correlations of component weight and design features of 29 data base engines. Rotating components are estimated by a preliminary design procedure where blade geometry, operating conditions, material properties, shaft speed, hub-tip ratio, etc., are the primary independent variables used. The development and justification of the method selected, the various methods of analysis, the use of the program, and a description of the input/output data are discussed

A method to estimate weight and dimensions of aircraft gas turbine engines. Volume 2: User's manual

For abstract, see N77-25171

Cancer Stem Cells: Notes for Authors.

Stem Cell Reports frequently receives manuscripts dealing with the topic of cancer stem cells. Many of the submissions on this topic have major shortcomings in their content or limits to the conclusions that can be drawn from the results presented. The purpose of this Commentary is to highlight some of the underlying issues so that authors can enhance the strength of their research contributions

A method to estimate weight and dimensions of aircraft gas turbine engines. Volume 3: Programmer's manual

For abstract, see N77-25171

A panel of human lung carcinoma lines: establishment, properties and common characteristics.

A panel of human lung carcinoma lines representing the four main histological types (squamous, small-cell, large-cell and adenocarcinoma), and derived from both primary and metastatic sites, has been established in xenograft and in tissue culture. The highest take rates were achieved when biopsy specimens were obtained from large tumour masses and cultured lines were most readily established after preliminary passages as xenografts. The established lines exhibited an overlapping spectrum of biochemical and morphological characteristics, and showed a tendency to change from one cell type to another, in keeping with the concept of a common endodermal cell of origin. Radiation resistance appeared to be related to the large-cell phenotype

Diffuse optical spectroscopic imaging reveals distinct early breast tumor hemodynamic responses to metronomic and maximum tolerated dose regimens.

BACKGROUND:Breast cancer patients with early-stage disease are increasingly administered neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) to downstage their tumors prior to surgery. In this setting, approximately 31% of patients fail to respond to therapy. This demonstrates the need for techniques capable of providing personalized feedback about treatment response at the earliest stages of therapy to identify patients likely to benefit from changing treatment. Diffuse optical spectroscopic imaging (DOSI) has emerged as a promising functional imaging technique for NAC monitoring. DOSI uses non-ionizing near-infrared light to provide non-invasive measures of absolute concentrations of tissue chromophores such as oxyhemoglobin. In 2011, we reported a new DOSI prognostic marker, oxyhemoglobin flare: a transient increase in oxyhemoglobin capable of discriminating NAC responders within the first day of treatment. In this follow-up study, DOSI was used to confirm the presence of the flare as well as to investigate whether DOSI markers of NAC response are regimen dependent. METHODS:This dual-center study examined 54 breast tumors receiving NAC measured with DOSI before therapy and the first week following chemotherapy administration. Patients were treated with either a standard of care maximum tolerated dose (MTD) regimen or an investigational metronomic (MET) regimen. Changes in tumor chromophores were tracked throughout the first week and compared to pathologic response and treatment regimen at specific days utilizing generalized estimating equations (GEE). RESULTS:Within patients receiving MTD therapy, the oxyhemoglobin flare was confirmed as a prognostic DOSI marker for response appearing as soon as day 1 with post hoc GEE analysis demonstrating a difference of 48.77% between responders and non-responders (p < 0.0001). Flare was not observed in patients receiving MET therapy. Within all responding patients, the specific treatment was a significant predictor of day 1 changes in oxyhemoglobin, showing a difference of 39.45% (p = 0.0010) between patients receiving MTD and MET regimens. CONCLUSIONS:DOSI optical biomarkers are differentially sensitive to MTD and MET regimens at early timepoints suggesting the specific treatment regimen should be considered in future DOSI studies. Additionally, DOSI may help to identify regimen-specific responses in a more personalized manner, potentially providing critical feedback necessary to implement adaptive changes to the treatment strategy