Electrohydrodynamic Jet Printing of 1D Photonic Crystals: Part II—Optical Design and Reflectance Characteristics

Additive manufacturing systems that can arbitrarily deposit multiple materials into precise, 3D spaces spanning the micro‐ to nanoscale are enabling novel structures with useful thermal, electrical, and optical properties. In this companion paper set, electrohydrodynamic jet (e‐jet) printing is investigated for its ability in depositing multimaterial, multilayer films with microscale spatial resolution and nanoscale thickness control, with a demonstration of this capability in creating 1D photonic crystals (1DPCs) with response near the visible regime. Transfer matrix simulations are used to evaluate different material classes for use in a printed 1DPC, and commercially available photopolymers with varying refractive indices (n = 1.35 to 1.70) are selected based on their relative high index contrast and fast curing times. E‐jet printing is then used to experimentally demonstrate pixelated 1DPCs with individual layer thicknesses between 80 and 200 nm, square pixels smaller than 40 µm across, with surface roughness less than 20 nm. The reflectance characteristics of the printed 1DPCs are measured using spatially selective microspectroscopy and correlated to the transfer matrix simulations. These results are an important step toward enabling cost‐effective, custom‐fabrication of advanced imaging devices or photonic crystal sensing platforms.Electrohydrodynamic jet printing is used to create patterned arrays of multimaterial photopolymer 1D photonic crystals. Patterns are demonstrated with in‐plane dimensions below 40 µm, layer thicknesses less than 100 nm, and surface root mean square roughness below 20 nm. This novel fabrication method can enable rapid, reconfigurable manufacturing of custom photonic sensing arrays.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/163389/2/admt202000431-sup-0001-SuppMat.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/163389/1/admt202000431.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/163389/3/admt202000431_am.pd

International round-robin experiment for angle-resolved light scattering measurement

International audienc

Archival influenza virus genomes from Europe reveal genomic variability during the 1918 pandemic

The 1918 influenza pandemic was the deadliest respiratory pandemic of the 20th century and determined the genomic make-up of subsequent human influenza A viruses (IAV). Here, we analyze both the first 1918 IAV genomes from Europe and the first from samples prior to the autumn peak. 1918 IAV genomic diversity is consistent with a combination of local transmission and long-distance dispersal events. Comparison of genomes before and during the pandemic peak shows variation at two sites in the nucleoprotein gene associated with resistance to host antiviral response, pointing at a possible adaptation of 1918 IAV to humans. Finally, local molecular clock modeling suggests a pure pandemic descent of seasonal H1N1 IAV as an alternative to the hypothesis of origination through an intrasubtype reassortment.Peer Reviewe

La dynamique circulatoire des anevrysmes arterioveinaux peripheriques.

OPLADEN-RUG0

Localized measurement of the optical thickness of transparent window – Application to the study of the photosensitivity of organic polymers

The development of an optical setup that permits us to carry out high-resolution mappings of the absolute optical thickness of plane-parallel transparent windows is described. This measurement is based on the recording and processing of the spectral transmission of the wafer between 1520 and 1570 nm and has a relative precision better than 10-6. Hence it is used for the characterization of the photosensitivity of two organic photopolymers (cationic ring opening polymer and poly(methylmethacrylate)). The refractive index change dynamics for both materials and the spontaneous evolution of the optical thickness are demonstrated. © 2006 Optical Society of America

Accurate determination of the optical performances of antireflective coatings by low coherence reflectometry

International audienc