Lealtad a la práctica deportiva: Una aplicación de la TPB a los servicios públicos para la práctica deportiva

The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) has been used in multiple industries and markets to explain the behavior of individuals. In the Colombian sports sector has never been used as a tool to model the behavior of individuals loyal to the sports offered by public institutions.In this study, the TPB model is proposed as a hypothesis to explain the history of loyalty to the sport, an empirical sample of 411 users of the programs of sport and physical activity INDERE (La Estrella, Antioquia) is collected, run a confirmatory factor analysis to ensure the reliability and validity of the measurement model and the hypotheses are tested by structural equation modeling.The study showed that TPB provides a good fit to model the behavior of loyalty to the sport and concluded that Perceived Control is the main antecedent of loyalty to sports such programs.La Teoría del Comportamiento Planificado (TPB) ha sido utilizada en múltiples sectores y mercados para explicar el comportamiento de los individuos. En el sector deportivo colombiano nunca se ha utilizado como herramienta para modelar el comportamiento de lealtad de los individuos hacia la práctica deportiva ofertada por las instituciones públicas.En el presente estudio se propone la TPB como modelo de hipótesis para explicar los antecedentes de la lealtad hacia la práctica deportica, se recoge una muestra empírica de 411 usuarios de los programas de deporte y actividad física del INDERE (La Estrella, Antioquia), se ejecuta un Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio para garantizar la fiabilidad y validez del modelo de medida y se contrastan las hipótesis mediante ecuaciones estructurales.El estudio evidencia que la TPB provee un buen ajuste para modelar el comportamiento de lealtad a la práctica deportiva y concluye que el Control Percibido es el principal antecedente de la lealtad a la práctica deportiva de dichos programas

Source model of the 2007 M_w 8.0 Pisco, Peru earthquake: Implications for seismogenic behavior of subduction megathrusts

We use Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar, teleseismic body waves, tsunami waveforms recorded by tsunameters, field observations of coastal uplift, subsidence, and runup to develop and test a refined model of the spatiotemporal history of slip during the M_w 8.0 Pisco earthquake of 15 August 2007. Our preferred solution shows two distinct patches of high slip. One patch is located near the epicenter while another larger patch ruptured 60 km further south, at the latitude of the Paracas peninsula. Slip on the second patch started 60 s after slip initiated on the first patch. We observed a remarkable anticorrelation between the coseismic slip distribution and the aftershock distribution determined from the Peruvian seismic network. The proposed source model is compatible with regional runup measurements and open ocean tsunami records. From the latter data set, we identified the 12 min timing error of the tsunami forecast system as being due to a mislocation of the source, caused by the use of only one tsunameter located in a nonoptimal azimuth. The comparison of our source model with the tsunami observations validate that the rupture did not extend to the trench and confirms that the Pisco event is not a tsunami earthquake despite its low apparent rupture velocity (<1.5 km/s). We favor the interpretation that the earthquake consists of two subevents, each with a conventional rupture velocity (2–4 km/s). The delay between the two subevents might reflect the time for the second shock to nucleate or, alternatively, the time it took for afterslip to increase the stress level on the second asperity to a level necessary for static triggering. The source model predicts uplift offshore and subsidence on land with the pivot line following closely the coastline. This pattern is consistent with our observation of very small vertical displacement along the shoreline when we visited the epicentral area in the days following the event. This earthquake represents, to our knowledge, one of the best examples of a link between the geomorphology of the coastline and the pattern of surface deformation induced by large interplate ruptures

Population genomics of local adaptation versus speciation in coral reef fishes (Hypoplectrus spp, Serranidae)

Are the population genomic patterns underlying local adaptation and the early stages of speciation similar? Addressing this question requires a system in which (i) local adaptation and the early stages of speciation can be clearly identified and distinguished, (ii) the amount of genetic divergence driven by the two processes is similar, and (iii) comparisons can be repeated both taxonomically (for local adaptation) and geographically (for speciation). Here, we report just such a situation in the hamlets (Hypoplectrus spp), brightly colored reef fishes from the wider Caribbean. Close to 100,000 SNPs genotyped in 126 individuals from three sympatric species sampled in three repeated populations provide genome-wide levels of divergence that are comparable among allopatric populations (Fst estimate = 0.0042) and sympatric species (Fst estimate = 0.0038). Population genetic, clustering, and phylogenetic analyses reveal very similar patterns for local adaptation and speciation, with a large fraction of the genome undifferentiated (Fst estimate ≈ 0), a very small proportion of Fst outlier loci (0.05–0.07%), and remarkably few repeated outliers (1–3). Nevertheless, different loci appear to be involved in the two processes in Hypoplectrus, with only 7% of the most differentiated SNPs and outliers shared between populations and species comparisons. In particular, a tropomyosin (Tpm4) and a previously identified hox (HoxCa) locus emerge as candidate loci (repeated outliers) for local adaptation and speciation, respectively. We conclude that marine populations may be locally adapted notwithstanding shallow levels of genetic divergence, and that from a population genomic perspective, this process does not appear to differ fundamentally from the early stages of speciation

Functional properties of flour And protein isolates from Annona muricata seeds

Se realizó el análisis proximal de la almendra de semillas de guanábana (Annona muricata), obtenidas como dese-cho agroindustrial y la caracterización funcional de la hari-na desengrasada y los aislados proteicos de las semillas. El porcentaje de proteína cruda en la almendra es del 15%, lo que hizo factible la extracción de aislados proteicos. El punto isoeléctrico (PI) de los aislados obtenidos con ausencia (A0) y presencia de NaCl (A1) fue, en ambos casos, de 4,0. El ren-dimiento para A0 fue de 46% y para A1, de 46,3%. El conte-nido de proteína para A0 fue de 39,9% y para A1, de 63,3%, en este último favoreciendo la capacidad de absorción de agua (CAA), la absorción de lípidos (CAL) y la capacidad espumante (CE). Las mejores propiedades emulsificantes fueron observadas en la harina desengrasada. Los aislados proteicos de la almendra de la semilla de guanábana podrían ser empleados en la industria de alimentos, como ingredien-tes funcionales.Proximate analysis of soursop (Annona muricata) seed kernel and functional characterization of defatted flour and protein isolates were studied. Kernel crude protein was 15%, which made it feasible to extract protein isolates. The isoelectric point (PI) of the isolates obtained in absence (A0) and in presence of NaCl (A1) was, in both cases, 4.0. The yield was 46% for A0 and 46.3% for A1. Protein content was 39.9% in A0 and 63.3% in A1. A higher yield in the extraction of proteins in A1 favors the water absorption capacity (FAC), the lipid absorption (CAL) and the foaming capacity (CE). The best emulsifying properties were observed in the defatted flour. The kernel protein isolates of the soursop seeds could be used in the food industry as functional ingredients.Incluye referencias bibliográfica

Design, modelling and optimisation of a small-scale Solar Organic Rankine Cycle system for rural power generation

This research study develops the design and model of a Solar Organic Rankine Cycle (SORC) coupled to a bio-digester for small-scale generation in rural areas, in Betulia, Colombia. Moreover, the model is optimised employing a Genetic Algorithm with the software Matlab and the thermodynamic library CoolProp. The objective variables were the mass flow rate of the working fluid, the pressure and temperature of the expander inlet, the solar collectors’ type and the temperature of the water circuit for the bio-digester. The results indicate an overall efficiency between 8.42 and 9.45% with a Levelized Cost of Energy (LCE) between 3.85 and 5.63 £/W. Additionally, the power output is directly related to the mass flow rate of the working fluid. Likewise, increasing the scale of the SORC decreases the LCE. Finally, the results suggest that a superheated fluid reduces the efficiency and the LCE and can deliver more heat to the bio-digester. It is advisable the utilisation of a scroll expander and a counter-flow plate exchanger with a Direct Vapour Generation configuration. The model is a flexible tool capable of integrating more equations and components, with the evaluation of different fitness functions

MEP-2 programa de computador para manejo de praderas con bovinos en el trópico Colombiano I - desarrollo informático.

sumarios (En, Es)Se diseñó y desarrolló una herramienta informática (Manejo Experto de Praderas: MEP-2®) para simular el comportamiento de las gramíneas tropicales frente al pastoreo con bovinos y para establecer los períodos de uso y recuperación de las praderas, en función de la producción de biomasa comestible, su calidad y consumo por parte de los animales. Así mismo, MEP-2® incorpora variables de calidad del forraje y de distensión del rumen, de acuerdo con un modelo de simulación de consumo de materia seca (MS) simple y de fácil implementación. El sistema fue estructurado previamente en hoja de cálculo y posteriormente trasladado a Visual Basic 6T, la información de identificación de la finca, tipo de ganado, especies de pastos y sistema de pastoreo se almacenó en formato AccessT. El programa consta de seis ventanas que se abren secuencialmente una vez se diligencia la información solicitada: dos ventanas corresponden a la evaluación de la disponibilidad de forraje según el tipo de gramínea: erecta o postrada. Otras dos ventanas registran información de la finca y las praderas con sus características individuales. De las dos ventanas finales, una corresponde a los resultados de la simulación y la otra a su interpretación, además de algunas recomendaciones generales. El propósito de la herramienta es proporcionar a ganaderos y asistentes técnicos un sistema objetivo para la toma de decisiones en el manejo de las praderas contribuyendo de esta manera a su sostenibilidad y a una mayor eficiencia de los animales.Ganadería bovin

MEP-2 programa de computador para manejo de praderas con bovinos en el trópico Colombiano. II - evaluación en el campo del programa.

"sumarios (En, Es)Se evaluó un programa de computador diseñado para predecir la utilización de praderas con bovinos bajo diferentes sistemas de pastoreo en distintos escenarios y regiones de Colombia y se compararon las predicciones de disponibilidad de biomasa, tiempos de pastoreo y de recuperación contra los datos observados en cada una de las fincas. Se incluyeron una finca en el Valle del Cesar con vacas doble propósito secas bajo pastoreo rotacional en praderas de pasto Guinea, una finca en el Piedemonte del Meta con novillos de ceba bajo pastoreo alterno de Brachiaria decumbens, una finca en el Magdalena Medio santandereano con novillos de ceba en pastoreo rotacional de Brachiaria humidícola y una finca en la Sabana de Bogotá con vacas de ordeño bajo pastoreo de Kikuyo-Ryegrass en franjas de un día. En cada una de las fincas se evaluaron dos rotaciones completas en cada época climática (sequía, lluvias). El análisis de las predicciones contra las observaciones en las variables días de ocupación, descanso y disponibilidad de forraje, se realizó mediante una comparación de medias con prueba de ""t"" (a de 5 por ciento). El consumo animal de MS predicho por el programa se analizó en relación con variables de calidad del forraje: proteína cruda, digestibilidad y Fibra en Detergente Neutro, mediante regresión lineal simple, encontrándose una correlación media para las tres variables con el consumo. Se concluye que el programa de simulación ayuda a la toma de decisiones sobre manejo de praderas, con mayor precisión durante la época de lluvias, mientras que para la época seca, los resultados deben tomarse con precaución realizando una evaluación o aforo de las praderas cuidadosa."Ganado de leche-Ganadería lech

Search for the disappearance of muon antineutrinos in the NuMI neutrino beam

We report constraints on antineutrino oscillation parameters that were obtained by using the two MINOS detectors to measure the 7% muon antineutrino component of the NuMI neutrino beam. In the Far Detector, we select 130 events in the charged-current muon antineutrino sample, compared to a prediction of 136.4 ± 11.7(stat)^(+10.2)_(-8.9)(syst) events under the assumption │Δm^2│ = 2.32 X 10^(-3) eV^2, sin^2(2θ) = 1.0

Testing Lorentz Invariance and CPT Conservation with NuMI Neutrinos in the MINOS Near Detector

A search for a sidereal modulation in the MINOS near detector neutrino data was performed. If present, this signature could be a consequence of Lorentz and CPT violation as predicted by a class of extensions to the Standard Model. No evidence for a sidereal signal in the data set was found, implying that there is no significant change in neutrino propagation that depends on the direction of the neutrino beam in a sun-centered inertial frame. Upper limits on the magnitudes of the Lorentz and CPT violating terms in these extensions to the Standard Model lie between 0.01-1% of the maximum expected, assuming a suppression of these signatures by factor of $10^{-17}$.