2,147 research outputs found
High-latitude artificial aurora using the EISCAT high-gain HF facility
The EISCAT high-frequency (HF) transmitter facility at Ramfjord, Norway, has been used to accelerate F-region electrons sufficiently to excite the oxygen atoms and nitrogen molecules, resulting in optical emissions at 630, 557.7 and 427.8 nm. During O-mode transmissions at 5.423 MHz, using 630 MW effective radiated power, in the hours after sunset on 12 November 2001 several new observations were made, including: (1) The first high-latitude observation of an HF induced optical emission at 427.8 nm and (2) Optical rings being formed at HF on followed by their collapse into a central blob. Both discoveries remain unexplained with current theories
Effect of dead space on avalanche speed
The effects of dead space (the minimum distance travelled by a carrier before acquiring enough energy to impact ionize) on the current impulse response and bandwidth of an avalanche multiplication process are obtained from a numerical model that maintains a constant carrier velocity but allows for a random distribution of impact ionization path lengths. The results show that the main mechanism responsible for the increase in response time with dead space is the increase in the number of carrier groups, which qualitatively describes the length of multiplication chains. When the dead space is negligible, the bandwidth follows the behavior predicted by Emmons but decreases as dead space increase
Reconstructed CKM Matrices
We construct quark mixing matrices within a group theoretic framework which
is easily applicable to any number of generations. Familiar cases are retrieved
and related, and it is hoped that our viewpoint may have advantages both
phenomenologically and for constructing underlying mass matrix schemes.Comment: 15 pages,LaTeX,no macro
LMIs - A fundamental tool in analysis and controller design for discrete linear repetitive processes
Discrete linear repetitive processes are a distinct class of two-dimensional (2-D) linear systems with applications in areas ranging from long-wall coal cutting through to iterative learning control schemes. The feature which makes them distinct from other classes of 2-D linear systems is that information propagation in one of the two distinct directions only occurs over a finite durations. This, in turn, means that a distinct systems theory must be developed for them. In this paper, an LMI approach is used to produce highly significant new results on the stability analysis of these processes and the design of control schemes for them. These results are, in the main, for processes with singular dynamics and for those with so-called dynamic boundary conditions. Unlike other classes of 2-D linear systems, these feedback control laws have a firm physical basis, and the LMI setting is also shown to provide a (potentially) very powerful setting in which to characterize the robustness properties of these processes.published_or_final_versio
The domain of organizational cognitive neuroscience:theoretical and empirical challenges
In this editorial, the authors respond to the 2011 article in the Journal of Management by Becker, Cropanzano, and Sanfey, titled “Organizational Neuroscience: Taking Organizational Theory Inside the Neural Black Box.” More specifically, the authors build on the ideas of Becker et al. first to clarify and extend their work and then to explore the critical philosophical issues involved in drawing inferences from neuroscientific research. They argue that these problems are yet to be solved and that organizational researchers who wish to incorporate neuroscientific advances into their work need to engage with them
1967 Ruby Yearbook
A digitized copy of the 1967 Ruby, the Ursinus College yearbook.https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/ruby/1070/thumbnail.jp
Needs analysis report following the sexual exploitation of children in Rotherham
It has been an immense honour to listen to
the experiences of the people of
Rotherham. The project team received a
warm welcome and felt humbled at the
extraordinary courage of victims, survivors
and their families. We wish to express our
heartfelt thanks to everyone who took part
in the study. The knowledge and opinions
shared by our participants are the
foundation of this report.
No-one wants to think about what child
sexual abuse and exploitation really
means. Recognising that children have
been humiliated, raped and tortured is
extremely distressing. As such, it is no
surprise that many felt anger and rage
when they understood that those with
authority failed to protect vulnerable
children and young people.
There is a need to face the awful reality that
child sexual abuse has always happened.
However, in the age of the internet, the
number of children at risk of sexual abuse
has increased. Those who sexually abuse
children are mostly, but not always, men.
Not discounting the vast number of boys
who have suffered abuse, most of the
known victims of sexual abuse are girls.
Both victims and perpetrators come from
every walk of life. The threat is such that we
all have a responsibility to consider what
we can do to protect every child in our
family and communities.
The public criticism of Rotherham
Metropolitan Borough Council (RMBC) and
South Yorkshire Police, following Professor
Jay’s report was right and inevitable.
Positively, there have been several
examples of how RMBC and South
Yorkshire Police have responded to
criticism and improved the way they
respond to victims and survivors. However,
there have also been negative
consequences of public scrutiny, with many
people in the study reporting that they want
to regain pride in their hometown.
Those who took part in this study did not
shy away from exploring the difficulties they
face. Naturally, participants continue to talk
about issues of trust, as past mistakes
created a sense of vulnerability. However,
there is also evidence that healing is taking
place. Many participants made suggestions
of how they and RMBC could and should
collaborate to strengthen, individuals,
families and their communities
Indeed, there is a determination to meet
current and future needs with a sense of
collective rigour. Some of these tasks
involve developing internal structures, such
as communication and the provision of
appropriate resources. Rotherham, like
many other towns and cities in Britain, is
also faced with external threats which can
exacerbate internal challenges. An
example of this is how recognition of the
involvement of some men of Asian
Pakistani heritage, in the abuse of children
in Rotherham, led some political groups to
capitalise on fears. However, it is clear that
children are best protected in resilient
families and communities. Thankfully,
Rotherham and its people continue to
demonstrate resilience.
In addition, there is also a strong sense of
realism, no-one in Rotherham expects
perfection, but they do expect to do
everything possible to protect children and
young people. One woman made the
distinction between surviving and thriving:
“…I don’t want to survive,
I want to thrive…”
We hope this report contributes to that aim
and welcome your views on the findings
from data collected between April and
June 2015. We recognise that the data is
reflective of views expressed at that time
and that RMBC and the people of
Rotherham, have continued to respond to
needs throughout the course of this
analysis process
Evolutionary History and Novel Biotic Interactions Determine Plant Responses to Elevated CO2 and Nitrogen Fertilization
A major frontier in global change research is predicting how multiple agents of global change will alter plant productivity, a critical component of the carbon cycle. Recent research has shown that plant responses to climate change are phylogenetically conserved such that species within some lineages are more productive than those within other lineages in changing environments. However, it remains unclear how phylogenetic patterns in plant responses to changing abiotic conditions may be altered by another agent of global change, the introduction of non-native species. Using a system of 28 native Tasmanian Eucalyptus species belonging to two subgenera, Symphyomyrtus and Eucalyptus, we hypothesized that productivity responses to abiotic agents of global change (elevated CO2 and increased soil N) are unique to lineages, but that novel interactions with a nonnative species mediate these responses. We tested this hypothesis by examining productivity of 1) native species monocultures and 2) mixtures of native species with an introduced hardwood plantation species, Eucalyptus nitens, to experimentally manipulated soil N and atmospheric CO2. Consistent with past research, we found that N limits productivity overall, especially in elevated CO2 conditions. However, monocultures of species within the Symphyomyrtus subgenus showed the strongest response to N (gained 127% more total biomass) in elevated CO2 conditions, whereas those within the Eucalyptus subgenus did not respond to N. Root:shoot ratio (an indicator of resource use) was on average greater in species pairs containing Symphyomyrtus species, suggesting that functional traits important for resource uptake are phylogenetically conserved and explaining the phylogenetic pattern in plant response to changing environmental conditions. Yet, native species mixtures with E. nitens exhibited responses to CO2 and N that differed from those of monocultures, supporting our hypothesis and highlighting that both plant evolutionary history and introduced species will shape community productivity in a changing world
Dementia and mild cognitive impairment in the older prison population in England and Wales (DECISION): developing a dementia care training package for use in prisons
The rising prevalence of dementia in the UK presents a public health and economic challenge. People over the age of 60 are the fastest growing age group in prison and the number of people in prison who experience dementia is rising. There is a lack of research focused on improving management and support for people in prison who may experience dementia, but growing awareness of the need for staff training in prisons to identify and support people showing symptoms of dementia. This paper reports the development of a theory and evidence-based training package for prison staff and peer carers to identify and support people in prison with mild cognitive impairment or dementia. Training content and format was informed by the literature on dementia training in prisons and analysis of qualitative and quantitative data from semi-structured interviews with prison staff and a survey administered to prison governors and healthcare managers, both of which explored current provision of dementia training and training needs. A stakeholder working group reviewed and revised the training during two interactive meetings. Future research to evaluate the effectiveness of the training in practice is required
Is health coaching effective in changing the health status and behaviour of prisoners?-a systematic review protocol
Abstract Background This is a protocol for a systematic review of the impact of health coaching on changing the health behaviour of offenders. Prisoners are more likely to suffer from health-related issues when compared to the general population. Health coaching has been shown to influence health outcomes of patients with chronic conditions. This review, therefore, aims to assess the effectiveness of health coaching interventions on the health of adolescent and adult offenders in custodial institutions. Methods We plan to conduct a systematic review of the current literature on health coaching interventions delivered in the prison setting. We will include randomised controlled trials and observational studies that compare health coaching to the usual care or other alternative interventions. The ideal interventions will be delivered either by health professionals or peer coaches, and the outcomes extracted in the data collection will be disease-specific, clients’ life and self-management skills, behavioural and psychosocial outcomes. If appropriate, a meta-analysis of the data collected will be carried out on the last stage of the review. Discussion This systematic review will identify and gather evidence on the impact of health coaching interventions delivered in the prison setting and can function as a supporting material for health professionals, prison staff, the healthcare system, and public health departments when considering delivering health coaching. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42016053237
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