Contribució a l'estudi de la micoflora de Catalunya : Cladosporium i Alternaria

Entre els treballs que pupliquem sobre fongs sapròfits aïllats a Catalunya, com a contribucio a la creacio d'un cataleg de la flora micològica catalana , incloem el present estudi referent als gèneres Alternaria i Cladosporium. Les espècies del gènere Cladosporium es troben àmpliament distribuïdes a la naturalesa , ja sia parasitant diverses plantes, ja sia corn a merament sapròfites al sòl o a I'aire, on, juntament amb el genere Alternaria, ocupen els primers llocs quant a freqüència. La taxonomia del gènere Alternaria és dificil, principalment a causa de la manca de caracteristiques notables. Les espores no són conidis, sinó tal·lòspores, i fins i tot en un mateix cultiu estan subjectes a àmplies variacions de grandària, format i nombre de septes . Quan els cultius són en medis diferents , s'hi troben diferències encara més grans; les espores tendeixen a ser més grosses en els medis rics que en els pobres, però s'hi produeixen amb menys llibertat. Per a llur classificacio hem fet servir les monografies de DE VRIES (1), ELLIS (2) i JOLY (4).On décrit des souches de diverses espèces saprophytes des genres Alternaria at Cladosporium que nous avons isolées dans nos travaux destinés à caractériser la flore mycologique de la Catalogne. On étudie les espèces suivantes : Alternaria radicine Meier , Drechsler et Eddy , A. tenuissima ( Fries) Wiltshire , A. consortiale (Thüm ) Hughes , A. chartarum Preuss , A. tenuis auctorum , A. saponariae (Peck ) Neergaard , Cladosporium avellaneum de Vries , C. cladosporioides ( Fres .) de Vries, C. cucumerinum Ell. at Arth ., C. herbarum Link ex Fr . C. macrocarpum Preuss, C. sphaerospermum Penzig et C. variabile ( Cke) de Vries

Estudio sobre la micoflora atmosférica de Barcelona. II. Género Penicillium

An investigation about the genus Penicilliumin the atmosphere of Barcelona in the period from november 1976 until february 1978. 8.029 Petri plates were exposed, and 32.965 propagules pertaining the said genus, the obtained results are compared with the results secured other investigators in several cities of the world and related to the climatic conditions.Se estudia la incidencia del género Penicillium en la atmósfera de Barcelona, en el periodo comprendido desde noviembre de 1976 hasta febrero de 1978. Se expusieron 8.029 placas de Petri identificándose 32.965 propágulos pertenecientes a dicho género. Se comparan los resultados obtenidos con los aportados por otros autores en diversas ciudades del mundo, relacionándolos con las condiciones climatológicas

Cepas del género Penicillium aisladas en Cataluña

En el presente trabajo intentamos la clasificación de 133 cepas pertenecientes a 37 especies del género Penicillium Link, aisladas en Cataluña, así como la descripción macro y microscópica de todas ellas para su posible inclusión en un índice de la flora micológica de nuestro país

Contribución al estudio de los Hyphomycetes de España. IV

Attempting the caracterization of the Hyphomycetes pertaining the fungous flora of Spain, seven species isolated from several substrata were described: Bahusakala olivaceontgra, Curvularia harveyi, Oedocephalum nicotianae, Exophiala brunnea, Helminthosporium velutinum, Alternaria longipes y Zygosporium gibbum.En el intento de caracterizar los Hyphomycetes pertenecientes a la flora fúngica de nuestro país, se describen siete especies aisladas de diversos sustratos. Dichas especies son: Bahusakala olivaceonigra, Curvularia harveyi, Oedocephalum nicotianae, Exophiala brunnea, Helminthosporium velutinum, Alternaria longipes, y Zygosporium gibbum

Acremonium phylogenetic overview and revision of Gliomastix, Sarocladium, and Trichothecium

AbstractOver 200 new sequences are generated for members of the genus Acremonium and related taxa including ribosomal small subunit sequences (SSU) for phylogenetic analysis and large subunit (LSU) sequences for phylogeny and DNA-based identification. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that within the Hypocreales, there are two major clusters containing multiple Acremonium species. One clade contains Acremonium sclerotigenum, the genus Emericellopsis, and the genus Geosmithia as prominent elements. The second clade contains the genera Gliomastix sensu stricto and Bionectria. In addition, there are numerous smaller clades plus two multi-species clades, one containing Acremonium strictum and the type species of the genus Sarocladium, and, as seen in the combined SSU/LSU analysis, one associated subclade containing Acremonium breve and related species plus Acremonium curvulum and related species. This sequence information allows the revision of three genera. Gliomastix is revived for five species, G. murorum, G. polychroma, G. tumulicola, G. roseogrisea, and G. masseei. Sarocladium is extended to include all members of the phylogenetically distinct A. strictum clade including the medically important A. kiliense and the protective maize endophyte A. zeae. Also included in Sarocladium are members of the phylogenetically delimited Acremonium bacillisporum clade, closely linked to the A. strictum clade. The genus Trichothecium is revised following the principles of unitary nomenclature based on the oldest valid anamorph or teleomorph name, and new combinations are made in Trichothecium for the tightly interrelated Acremonium crotocinigenum, Spicellum roseum, and teleomorph Leucosphaerina indica. Outside the Hypocreales, numerous Acremonium-like species fall into the Plectosphaerellaceae, and A. atrogriseum falls into the Cephalothecaceae

Diversity of xerotolerant and xerophilic fungi in honey

Fungi can colonize most of the substrata on Earth. Honey, a sugary food produced by bees (and other insects) has been studied little in terms of its fungal diversity. We have surveyed and evaluated the presence of xerotolerant and xerophilic fungi in a set of honey bee samples collected from across Spain. From 84 samples, a total of 104 fungal strains were isolated, and morphologically and phylogenetically characterized. We identified 32 species distributed across 16 genera, most of them belonging to the ascomycetous genera Aspergillus, Bettsia, Candida, Eremascus, Monascus, Oidiodendron, Penicillium, Skoua, Talaromyces and Zygosaccharomyces. As a result of this survey, eight new taxa are proposed: i.e. the new family Helicoarthrosporaceae, two new genera, Helicoarthrosporum and Strongyloarthrosporum in Onygenales; three new species of Eurotiales, Talaromyces affinitatimellis, T. basipetosporus, and T. brunneosporus; and two new species of Myxotrichaceae, Oidiodendron mellicola, and Skoua asexualis.Instituto de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación. (México)Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México)Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad español CGL2017–88094-

Cutaneous Fusarium infection in a renal transplant recipient: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Fungal infections in the immunocompromised host are fairly common. Of the mycoses, <it>Fusarium </it>species are an emerging threat. <it>Fusarium </it>infections have been reported in solid organ transplants, with three reports of the infection in patients who had received renal transplants. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of an isolated cutaneous lesion as the only form of infection.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We report the case of a 45-year-old South Indian man who presented with localized cutaneous <it>Fusarium </it>infection following a renal transplant.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In an immunocompromised patient, even an innocuous lesion needs to be addressed with the initiation of prompt treatment.</p

Phenotypic, genotypic, and phylogenetic discrepancies to differentiate Aeromonas salmonicida from Aeromonas bestiarum

The taxonomy of the “Aeromonas hydrophila” complex (comprising the species A. hydrophila, A. bestiarum, A. salmonicida, and A. popoffii) has been controversial, particularly the relationship between the two relevant fish pathogens A. salmonicidaand A. bestiarum. In fact, none of the biochemical tests evaluated in the present study were able to separate these two species. One hundred and sixteen strains belonging to the four species of this complex were identified by 16S rDNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Sequencing of the 16S rDNA and cluster analysis of the 16S–23S intergenic spacer region (ISR)-RFLP in selected strains of A. salmonicida and A. bestiarum indicated that the two species may share extremely conserved ribosomal operons and demonstrated that, due to an extremely high degree of sequence conservation, 16S rDNA cannot be used to differentiate these two closely related species. Moreover, DNA–DNA hybridization similarity between the type strains of A. salmonicida subsp. salmonicida and A. bestiarum was 75.6 %, suggesting that they may represent a single taxon. However, a clear phylogenetic divergence between A. salmonicida and A. bestiarum was ascertained from an analysis based on gyrB and rpoD gene sequences, which provided evidence of a lack of congruence of the results obtained from 16S rDNA, 16S–23S ISR-RFLP, DNA–DNA pairing, and biochemical profiles.[Int Microbiol 2005; 8(4):259-269

Early evolution of the extraordinary Nova Del 2013 (V339 Del)

We determine the temporal evolution of the luminosity L(WD), radius R(WD) and effective temperature Teff of the white dwarf (WD) pseudophotosphere of V339 Del from its discovery to around day 40. Another main objective was studying the ionization structure of the ejecta. These aims were achieved by modelling the optical/near-IR spectral energy distribution (SED) using low-resolution spectroscopy (3500 - 9200 A), UBVRcIc and JHKLM photometry. During the fireball stage (Aug. 14.8 - 19.9, 2013), Teff was in the range of 6000 - 12000 K, R(WD) was expanding non-uniformly in time from around 66 to around 300 (d/3 kpc) R(Sun), and L(WD) was super-Eddington, but not constant. After the fireball stage, a large emission measure of 1.0-2.0E+62 (d/3 kpc)**2 cm**(-3) constrained the lower limit of L(WD) to be well above the super-Eddington value. The evolution of the H-alpha line and mainly the transient emergence of the Raman-scattered O VI 1032 A line suggested a biconical ionization structure of the ejecta with a disk-like H I region persisting around the WD until its total ionization, around day 40. It is evident that the nova was not evolving according to the current theoretical prediction. The unusual non-spherically symmetric ejecta of nova V339 Del and its extreme physical conditions and evolution during and after the fireball stage represent interesting new challenges for the theoretical modelling of the nova phenomenon.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables, accepted for Astronomy and Astrophysic

New and interesting chaetothyrialean fungi from Spain

In the course of taxonomic studies on saprobic microfungi from Spain, several slow-growing, dematiaceous hyphomycetes were isolated from soil, submerged plant material and river sediments. Sixteen of these strains were identified as members of the ascomycete order Chaetothyriales on the basis of morphology and DNA sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer region and partial large subunit ribosomal RNA gene. These included three novel species (Cladophialophora pseudocarrionii, Cyphellophora chlamydospora, and Rhinocladiella amoena) and five interesting, little-known or clinically-relevant species (Cyphellophora suttonii, Exophiala aquamarina, E. lacus, E. radicis, and Rhinocladiella similis). In addition, Exophiala oligosperma, an emerging opportunistic fungus, was found for the first time in an aquatic freshwater environment (river sediments). Cladophialophora pseudocarrionii resembles C. carrionii in the branching pattern of its conidial chains, but differs from the latter species in its inability to grow at 30 °C. Cyphellophora chlamydospora differs from other species of the genus in the absence of conidiation, producing only chlamydospores in vitro. Rhinocladiella amoena shows branched conidiophores similar to those of R. anceps, R. atrovirens, R. basitona and R. similis, but differs from them in conidial shape and size. The ex-type strain of Phialophora livistonae, included in the phylogenetic study, clustered with high statistical support with members of the genus Cyphellophora and is transferred to this genus.The Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity, grant CGL2011-27185http://link.springer.com/journal/115572017-10-31hb2017Microbiology and Plant Patholog