EC88-2305 Six Steps to Mushroom Farming

Extension circular 88-2305 is six steps to mushroom farming

Good practices for 68Ga radiopharmaceutical production

Background: The radiometal gallium-68 (Ga-68) is increasingly used in diagnostic positron emission tomography (PET), with Ga-68-labeled radiopharmaceuticals developed as potential higher-resolution imaging alternatives to traditional Tc-99m agents. In precision medicine, PET applications of Ga-68 are widespread, with Ga-68 radiolabeled to a variety of radiotracers that evaluate perfusion and organ function, and target specific biomarkers found on tumor lesions such as prostate-specific membrane antigen, somatostatin, fibroblast activation protein, bombesin, and melanocortin. Main body: These Ga-68 radiopharmaceuticals include agents such as [Ga-68]Ga-macroaggregated albumin for myocardial perfusion evaluation, [Ga-68]Ga-PLED for assessing renal function, [Ga-68]Ga-t-butyl-HBED for assessing liver function, and [Ga-68]Ga-PSMA for tumor imaging. The short half-life, favourable nuclear decay properties, ease of radiolabeling, and convenient availability through germanium-68 (Ge-68) generators and cyclotron production routes strongly positions Ga-68 for continued growth in clinical deployment. This progress motivates the development of a set of common guidelines and standards for the Ga-68 radiopharmaceutical community, and recommendations for centers interested in establishing Ga-68 radiopharmaceutical production. Conclusion: This review outlines important aspects of Ga-68 radiopharmacy, including Ga-68 production routes using a Ge-68/Ga-68 generator or medical cyclotron, standardized Ga-68 radiolabeling methods, quality control procedures for clinical Ga-68 radiopharmaceuticals, and suggested best practices for centers with established or upcoming Ga-68 radiopharmaceutical production. Finally, an outlook on Ga-68 radiopharmaceuticals is presented to highlight potential challenges and opportunities facing the community

Genetic subtraction profiling identifies genes essential for Arabidopsis reproduction and reveals interaction between the female gametophyte and the maternal sporophyte

Genetic subtraction and expression profiling of wild-type Arabidopsis and a sporophytic mutant lacking an embryo sac identified 1,260 genes expressed in the embryo sac; a total of 527 genes were identified for their expression in ovules of mutants lacking an embryo sac

An agent-based industrial cyber-physical system deployed in an automobile multi-stage production system

Industrial Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) are promoting the development of smart machines and products, leading to the next generation of intelligent production systems. In this context, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is posed as a key enabler for the realization of CPS requirements, supporting the data analysis and the system dynamic adaptation. However, the centralized Cloud-based AI approaches are not suitable to handle many industrial scenarios, constrained by responsiveness and data sensitivity. Edge Computing can address the new challenges, enabling the decentralization of data analysis along the cyber-physical components. In this context, distributed AI approaches such as those based on Multi-agent Systems (MAS) are essential to handle the distribution and interaction of the components. Based on that, this work uses a MAS approach to design cyber-physical agents that can embed different data analysis capabilities, supporting the decentralization of intelligence. These concepts were applied to an industrial automobile multi-stage production system, where different kinds of data analysis were performed in autonomous and cooperative agents disposed along Edge, Fog and Cloud computing layers. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Transactivator Infected Cell Protein-4 Drives VEGF-A Dependent Neovascularization

Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) causes lifelong infection affecting between 50 and 90% of the global population. In addition to causing dermal lesions, HSV-1 is a leading cause of blindness resulting from recurrent corneal infection. Corneal disease is characterized by loss of corneal immunologic privilege and extensive neovascularization driven by vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A). In the current study, we identify HSV-1 infected cells as the dominant source of VEGF-A during acute infection, and VEGF-A transcription did not require TLR signaling or MAP kinase activation. Rather than being an innate response to the pathogen, VEGF-A transcription was directly activated by the HSV-1 encoded immediate early transcription factor, ICP4. ICP4 bound the proximal human VEGF-A promoter and was sufficient to promote transcription. Transcriptional activation also required cis GC-box elements common to the VEGF-A promoter and HSV-1 early genes. Our results suggest that the neovascularization characteristic of ocular HSV-1 disease is a direct result of HSV-1's major transcriptional regulator, ICP4, and similarities between the VEGF-A promoter and those of HSV-1 early genes

Baryonic Popcorn

In the large N limit cold dense nuclear matter must be in a lattice phase. This applies also to holographic models of hadron physics. In a class of such models, like the generalized Sakai-Sugimoto model, baryons take the form of instantons of the effective flavor gauge theory that resides on probe flavor branes. In this paper we study the phase structure of baryonic crystals by analyzing discrete periodic configurations of such instantons. We find that instanton configurations exhibit a series of "popcorn" transitions upon increasing the density. Through these transitions normal (3D) lattices expand into the transverse dimension, eventually becoming a higher dimensional (4D) multi-layer lattice at large densities. We consider 3D lattices of zero size instantons as well as 1D periodic chains of finite size instantons, which serve as toy models of the full holographic systems. In particular, for the finite-size case we determine solutions of the corresponding ADHM equations for both a straight chain and for a 2D zigzag configuration where instantons pop up into the holographic dimension. At low density the system takes the form of an "abelian anti-ferromagnetic" straight periodic chain. Above a critical density there is a second order phase transition into a zigzag structure. An even higher density yields a rich phase space characterized by the formation of multi-layer zigzag structures. The finite size of the lattices in the transverse dimension is a signal of an emerging Fermi sea of quarks. We thus propose that the popcorn transitions indicate the onset of the "quarkyonic" phase of the cold dense nuclear matter.Comment: v3, 80 pages, 18 figures, footnotes 5 and 7 added, version to appear in the JHE

Experimental limits on nucleon decay and ΔB=2 processes

Results from the IMB collabration to detect possible proton decay in a salt mine near Cleveland, Ohio are presented. Detection apparatus is described.(AIP)Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/87900/2/1_1.pd

Synthesis of fluorosugar reagents for the construction of well-defined fluoroglycoproteins.

2-Deoxy-2-fluoroglycosyl iodides are privileged glycosyl donors for the stereoselective preparation of 1-Nu-β-fluorosugars, which are useful reagents for chemical site-selective protein glycosylation. Ready access to such β-fluorosugars enables the mild and efficient construction of well-defined fluoroglycoproteins.We thank the European Commission (Marie Curie CIG, O.B. and G.J.L.B.), MICINN, Spain (Juan de la Cierva Fellowship, O.B.), MINECO, Spain (CTQ2011-22872BQU) and Generalitat de Catalunya (M.S.) for generous financial support. We also thank Mr. Adrià Cardona-Benages (URV) for technical assis-tance. G.J.L.B. thanks the Royal Society (University Research Fellowship), Fundação para a Ciência a Tecnologia, Portugal (FCT Investigator), and the EPSRC for funding.This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from ACS via http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01259

IMB Detector‐The first 30 Days

A large water Chernekov detector, located 2000 feet below ground, has recently been turned on. The primary purpose of the device is to measure nucleon stability to limits 100 times better than previous measurements. The properties of the detector are described along with its operating characteristics.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/87428/2/138_1.pd

Spatial Resolution Attainable with Cathode Strip Chambers at the Trigger Level

A simple network of comparators applied to the strip signals of a cathode strip chamber allows quick hit localization to within a halfstrip width, or +/- a quarter-strip. A six-plane chamber with 6.4 mm wide strips was tested in a high-energy muon beam. The chamber was placed behind a 30 cm thick iron block. We show that patterns of hits localized to within a halfstrip allowed us to identify 300 GeV/c muon tracks with 99% probability and 0.7 mm spatial resolution in the presence of muon bremsstrahlung radiation. This technique of finding muon tracks will be used in the cathode strip chambers of the CMS Endcap Muon System