Comparing Single-Item and Multi-Item Trust Scales: Insights for Assessing Trust in Project Leaders

Funding: This research was funded by Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal. Institutional Review Board Statement: Ethical review and approval were waived for this study. Brazilian Comitê de Ética de Pesquisa (CEP), CNS/466/12, indicates ethical approval is not required for this type of study.The purpose of this research is to provide researchers and leaders with a reliable and up-to- date comparison between a single-item and a multi-item trust scale, enabling effective assessment of team members’ trust in their leaders. The aim of the study is to investigate whether a single-question scale is as reliable as a multi-item questionnaire in measuring trust. An additional goal is to provide researchers with insights and conditions for effectively using single or multiple measures to assess trust in leaders, considering factors like reliability and effectiveness. After conducting a compre- hensive literature review, data were collected from 101 project members in Brazil using a survey methodology. The respondents were asked to provide feedback regarding their leaders, specifically project managers, and factor analysis was then employed to test the single-item and multi-item measures of trust. The advantages and disadvantages of each approach are discussed. The findings of our study demonstrate that both single-item and multi-item scales of trust should be utilized to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the trust construct. Single-item questionnaires can reduce survey length, improve respondent friendliness, and increase participant willingness. On the other hand, multi-item questionnaires enable researchers to analyze latent variables that contribute to an overall variable, but they cannot isolate data for each of those constructs. The results show that both measures are reliable, providing researchers and professionals with insights into the benefits and drawbacks associated with each method. Consequently, this research equips researchers and project professionals with valuable information for selecting the appropriate measurement tool.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A systematic literature review on family business: insights from an Asian context

Purpose – Family firms have been the subject of various scientific studies. This interest derives not only from their unique characteristics in terms of their management but more specifically in terms of their succession in a dimension that does not impact on other companies in the same way. Hence, and as a complex field of research, this study seeks to map out and analyse the intellectual knowledge on research into family firms in Asian contexts. Design/methodology/approach – As regards the statistical and analytical methods, the authors made recourse to the bibliometric, co-citation and cluster analysis techniques. In order to evaluate any potential patterns among the articles, the authors analysed the ways in which the articles are jointly cited. This furthermore applied hierarchical cluster analysis to the totality of the articles subject to co-citation analysis within the scope of grouping the interrelated articles into distinct sets. In order to graphically map the bibliographic co-citation analysis, the authors deployed the network and cluster determination theories. Findings – The results enabled the identification and the classification of various theoretical perspectives on the domain of family firms into four main approaches: (1) family business behaviour; (2) family versus non-family CEOs; (3) business family performance; and (4) business family and people. Originality/value – This study identifies, explores, analyses and summarises the main themes, contributing towards deepening the literature through the means of identifying the priority areas in relation to Asian family businesses able to guarantee international standards of excellence in comparison with their respective competitors.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

KNOWLEDGE INTENSIVE BUSINESS SERVICES (KIBS): BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS AND THEIR DIFFERENT BEHAVIORS IN THE SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE

This study analyzes scientific articles present in the databases Web of Science, Scopus and SciELO. Two hundred and thirty-five studies were examined, by using variations in bibliometrics. The main objective of this article is to analyze the set of studies that address the different behaviors Knowledge Intensive Business Services in the scientific literature. The results show a concentration of publications in the years 2005, 2010, 2012 and 2013, including the theme’s interdisciplinary perspective. Most studies are quantitative and were published in the last five years. The first study was presented at an international conference in the year 2000. The most quoted authors were Hertog, Miles, and Muller. The set of publications examined presents two groups of behaviors: roles and attributes of Knowledge Intensive Business Services. This research aimed to analyze Knowledge Intensive Business Services over time and contribute to its expansion in Brazil

Innovative capacity dynamics: KIBS dimensions

The objective of this paper is to explain how the elements of a conceptual model based on KIBS (Knowledge Intensive Business Services) can be applied in an integrated way to assess the innovative capacity of firms in the service sector. The building of the model is based on a bibliometric analysis of the central theme KIBS, in the databases Scopus and ISI Web of Knowledge (Web of Science). We propose a conceptual model, which brings together several dimensions that have not yet been tested in economic sectors. These dimensions are: KIBS, knowledge creation, knowledge transfer, innovation and innovative capacity. The research presents interesting features from the scientific papers analyzed, highlighting gaps that gave origin to the proposed model

Mapping of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths in Namibia: The first large-scale protocol to formally include rapid diagnostic tests

Background: Namibia is now ready to begin mass drug administration of praziquantel and albendazole against schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths, respectively. Although historical data identifies areas of transmission of these neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), there is a need to update epidemiological data. For this reason, Namibia adopted a new protocol for mapping of schistosomiasis and geohelminths, formally integrating rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for infections and morbidity. In this article, we explain the protocol in detail, and introduce the concept of 'mapping resolution', as well as present results and treatment recommendations for northern Namibia.Methods/Findings/Interpretation: This new protocol allowed a large sample to be surveyed (N = 17 896 children from 299 schools) at relatively low cost (7 USD per person mapped) and very quickly (28 working days). All children were analysed by RDTs, but only a sub-sample was also diagnosed by light microscopy. Overall prevalence of schistosomiasis in the surveyed areas was 9.0%, highly associated with poorer access to potable water (OR = 1.5, P<0.001) and defective (OR = 1.2, P<0.001) or absent sanitation infrastructure (OR = 2.0, P<0.001). Overall prevalence of geohelminths, more particularly hookworm infection, was 12.2%, highly associated with presence of faecal occult blood (OR = 1.9, P<0.001). Prevalence maps were produced and hot spots identified to better guide the national programme in drug administration, as well as targeted improvements in water, sanitation and hygiene. The RDTs employed (circulating cathodic antigen and microhaematuria for Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium, respectively) performed well, with sensitivities above 80% and specificities above 95%.Conclusion/Significance: This protocol is cost-effective and sensitive to budget limitations and the potential economic and logistical strains placed on the national Ministries of Health. Here we present a high resolution map of disease prevalence levels, and treatment regimens are recommended.Peer reviewedEntomology and Plant Patholog