281 research outputs found
Women’s narratives on their interactions with the first response police officer following an incidence of domestic violence in the UK
Historically police responses towards the treatment of domestic disturbances regard them as a noncriminal problem. Recent changes to societal and Criminal Justice System attitudes to domestic violence now places an emphasis on first response officers to effectively deal with offenders, manage victim safety and gather evidence. This study explored fifteen women’s interactions with the attending first response police officer following an episode of domestic violence within the home. A qualitative approach using unstructured narrative interviews was chosen to ensure that each woman remained in control of the research interview. Thematic analysis revealed three main themes concerning power relations and officer attitudes, suggesting that personal and cultural factors may negatively impact on officers’ handling of complaints of partner assault, offsetting policy initiatives that guide officers in engaging with victims of domestic violence. The order of the themes reflects the sequential nature of the women’s dialogue. The first theme explores the initial police response, followed by the women’s narratives around feelings of personal disregard for their experiences and evidential considerations. The final theme explores the police response to retraction of statements. Women’s interactions with first response officers following domestic violence illuminates societal issues previously unmentioned. Making womens’ stories visible provides an important insight, contribution and opportunity to examine first response officer’s responses to domestic violence. Integrating the voices of the women (service users) themselves, is arguably an advantageous consideration towards continuing professional development training for all first response police officers
rp-Process weak-interaction mediated rates of waiting-point nuclei
Electron capture and positron decay rates are calculated for
neutron-deficient Kr and Sr waiting point nuclei in stellar matter. The
calculation is performed within the framework of pn-QRPA model for rp-process
conditions. Fine tuning of particle-particle, particle-hole interaction
parameters and a proper choice of the deformation parameter resulted in an
accurate reproduction of the measured half-lives. The same model parameters
were used to calculate stellar rates. Inclusion of measured Gamow-Teller
strength distributions finally led to a reliable calculation of weak rates that
reproduced the measured half-lives well under limiting conditions. For the
rp-process conditions, electron capture and positron decay rates on Kr
and Sr are of comparable magnitude whereas electron capture rates on
Sr and Kr are 1--2 orders of magnitude bigger than the
corresponding positron decay rates. The pn-QRPA calculated electron capture
rates on Kr are bigger than previously calculated. The present
calculation strongly suggests that, under rp-process conditions, electron
capture rates form an integral part of weak-interaction mediated rates and
should not be neglected in nuclear reaction network calculations as done
previously.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables; Astrophysics and Space Science (2012
The rp-process and new measurements of beta-delayed proton decay of light Ag and Cd isotopes
Recent network calculations suggest that a high temperature rp-process could
explain the abundances of light Mo and Ru isotopes, which have long challenged
models of p-process nuclide production. Important ingredients to network
calculations involving unstable nuclei near and at the proton drip line are
-halflives and decay modes, i.e., whether or not -delayed proton
decay takes place. Of particular importance to these network calculation are
the proton-rich isotopes Ag, Ag, Cd and Cd. We
report on recent measurements of -delayed proton branching ratios for
Ag, Ag, and Cd at the on-line mass separator at GSI.Comment: 4 pages, uses espcrc1.sty. Proceedings of the 4th International
Symposium Nuclei in the Cosmos, June 1996, Notre Dame/IN, USA, Ed. M.
Wiescher, to be published in Nucl.Phys.A. Also available at
ftp://ftp.physics.ohio-state.edu/pub/nucex/nic96-gs
Total differential cross sections for Ar–CH4 from an ab initio potential
Total differential cross sections for the Ar–CH4 scattering complex at ECM=90.1 meV were obtained from converged close-coupling calculations based on a recent ab initio potential computed by symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT). Agreement with experiment is good, which demonstrates the accuracy of the SAPT potential
Thermonuclear Reaction Rate of 23Mg(p,gamma)24$Al
Updated stellar rates for the reaction 23Mg(p,gamma)24Al are calculated by
using all available experimental information on 24Al excitation energies.
Proton and gamma-ray partial widths for astrophysically important resonances
are derived from shell model calculations. Correspondences of experimentally
observed 24Al levels with shell model states are based on application of the
isobaric multiplet mass equation. Our new rates suggest that the
23Mg(p,gamma)24Al reaction influences the nucleosynthesis in the mass A>20
region during thermonuclear runaways on massive white dwarfs.Comment: 13 pages (uses Revtex) including 3 postscript figures (uses
epsfig.sty), accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
Ultracold collisions of oxygen molecules
Collision cross sections and rate constants between two ground- state oxygen
molecules are investigated theoretically at translational energies below K and in zero magnetic field. We present calculations for elastic and spin-
changing inelastic collision rates for different isotopic combinations of
oxygen atoms as a prelude to understanding their collisional stability in
ultracold magnetic traps. A numerical analysis has been made in the framework
of a rigid- rotor model that accounts fully for the singlet, triplet, and
quintet potential energy surfaces in this system. The results offer insights
into the effectiveness of evaporative cooling and the properties of molecular
Bose- Einstein condensates, as well as estimates of collisional lifetimes in
magnetic traps. Specifically, looks like a good candidate for
ultracold studies, while is unlikely to survive evaporative
cooling. Since is representative of a wide class of molecules that
are paramagnetic in their ground state we conclude that many molecules can be
successfully magnetically trapped at ultralow temperatures.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figure
- …