QCD at Photon Colliders

The novel possibilities of probing the photon structure and high energy limit of QCD at photon colliders are summarised. We discuss the photon structure function $F_2^{\gamma}(x,Q^2)$, the gluon distribution in the photon and the spin dependent structure function $g_1^{\gamma}(x,Q^2)$ of the photon and emphasise advantages of the photon colliders for measuring these quantities. The possibility of probing the QCD pomeron and odderon in $\gamma\gamma$ and $e \gamma$ collisions is also described.Comment: 14 pages with 3 postscript figures included, introductory talk given at the International Workshop on High Energy Photon Colliders, 14th - 17th June 2000, DESY, Hamburg, German

Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to single-inclusive hadron production in transversely polarized p-p and pbar-p collisions

We present a calculation of the next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the partonic cross sections contributing to single-inclusive high-p_T hadron production in collisions of transversely polarized hadrons. We use a recently developed projection technique for treating the phase space integrals in the presence of the cos(2Phi) azimuthal-angular dependence associated with transverse polarization. Our phenomenological results show that the double-spin asymmetry A_TT^pi for neutral-pion production is expected to be very small for polarized pp scattering at RHIC and could be much larger for the proposed experiments with an asymmetric pbar-p collider at the GSIComment: 7 pages, 5 figure

Photoproduction Processes in Polarized ep - Collisions at HERA

We study various conceivable photoproduction reactions in a polarized ep collider mode of HERA with respect to their sensitivity to the proton's polarized gluon distribution. A special emphasis is put on the `resolved' part of the cross sections which in principle opens the possibility to determine for the first time also the completely unknown parton content of longitudinally polarized photons. In the very promising case of dijet production we also investigate the impact of parton showering, hadronization and jet finding on the parton level results.Comment: 16 pages, LaTeX, 7 figures, uses epsfig, amssymb, and a41 (included) styles; Contribution to the proceedings of the 1997 workshop on 'Physics with Polarized Protons at HERA', Hamburg and Zeuthen, Germany, March-September 199

Global extraction of the parton-to-pion fragmentation functions at NLO accuracy in QCD

In this review, we discuss the results on the parton-to-pion fragmentation functions obtained in a combined NLO fit to data of single-inclusive hadron production in electron-positron annihilation, proton-proton collisions, and lepton-nucleon deep-inelastic scattering. A more complete discussion can be found in Ref. [1].Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure. To be published in Journal of Physics Conference Series (IOP). Joint Proceedings of the XV Mexican Workshop on Particles and Fields & the XXX Annual Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the Mexican Physical Societ

Helicity Parton Distributions at a Future Electron-Ion Collider: A Quantitative Appraisal

We present a quantitative assessment of the impact a future electron-ion collider will have on determinations of helicity quark and gluon densities and their contributions to the proton spin. Our results are obtained by performing a series of global QCD analyses at next-to-leading order accuracy based on realistic sets of pseudo-data for the inclusive and semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons and protons at different, conceivable center-of-mass system energies.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figure

Global analysis of fragmentation functions for pions and kaons and their uncertainties

We present new sets of pion and kaon fragmentation functions obtained in NLO combined analyses of single-inclusive hadron production in electron-positron annihilation, proton-proton collisions, and deep-inelastic lepton-proton scattering with either pions or kaons identified in the final state. At variance with all previous fits, the present analyses take into account data where hadrons of different electrical charge are identified, which allow to discriminate quark from anti-quark fragmentation functions without the need of non trivial flavor symmetry assumptions. The resulting sets are in good agreement with all data analyzed, which cover a much wider kinematical range than in previous fits. An extensive use of the Lagrange multiplier technique is made in order to assess the uncertainties in the extraction of the fragmentation functions and the synergy from the complementary data sets in our global analysis.Comment: 28 pages, 25 figure

Global Analysis of Fragmentation Functions for Eta Mesons

Fragmentation functions for eta mesons are extracted at next-to-leading order accuracy of QCD in a global analysis of data taken in electron-positron annihilation and proton-proton scattering experiments. The obtained parametrization is in good agreement with all data sets analyzed and can be utilized, for instance, in future studies of double-spin asymmetries for single-inclusive eta production. The Lagrange multiplier technique is used to estimate the uncertainties of the fragmentation functions and to assess the role of the different data sets in constraining them.Comment: 11 pages, 8 figures, updated reference

Exploring the polarization of gluons in the nucleon

We give an overview of the current status of investigations of the polarization of gluons in the nucleon. We describe some of the physics of the spin-dependent gluon parton distribution and its phenomenology in high-energy polarized hadronic scattering. We also review the recent experimental results.Comment: 10 pages, 13 figures. Talk presented at the "Second Meeting of the APS Topical Group on Hadronic Physics", Nashville, Tennessee, October 22-24, 2006. Reference adde

A note on the algebraic growth rate of Poincar\'e series for Kleinian groups

In this note we employ infinite ergodic theory to derive estimates for the algebraic growth rate of the Poincar\'e series for a Kleinian group at its critical exponent of convergence.Comment: 8 page

Surface roughness during depositional growth and sublimation of ice crystals

Full version of an earlier discussion paper (Chou et al. 2018)Ice surface properties can modify the scattering properties of atmospheric ice crystals and therefore affect the radiative properties of mixed-phase and cirrus clouds. The Ice Roughness Investigation System (IRIS) is a new laboratory setup designed to investigate the conditions under which roughness develops on single ice crystals, based on their size, morphology and growth conditions (relative humidity and temperature). Ice roughness is quantified through the analysis of speckle in 2-D light-scattering patterns. Characterization of the setup shows that a supersaturation of 20 % with respect to ice and a temperature at the sample position as low as-40 °C could be achieved within IRIS. Investigations of the influence of humidity show that higher supersaturations with respect to ice lead to enhanced roughness and irregularities of ice crystal surfaces. Moreover, relative humidity oscillations lead to gradual ratcheting-up of roughness and irregularities, as the crystals undergo repeated growth-sublimation cycles. This memory effect also appears to result in reduced growth rates in later cycles. Thus, growth history, as well as supersaturation and temperature, influences ice crystal growth and properties, and future atmospheric models may benefit from its inclusion in the cloud evolution process and allow more accurate representation of not just roughness but crystal size too, and possibly also electrification properties.Peer reviewe