The novel possibilities of probing the photon structure and high energy limit
of QCD at photon colliders are summarised. We discuss the photon structure
function F2γ(x,Q2), the gluon distribution in the photon and the
spin dependent structure function g1γ(x,Q2) of the photon and
emphasise advantages of the photon colliders for measuring these quantities.
The possibility of probing the QCD pomeron and odderon in γγ and eγ collisions is also described.Comment: 14 pages with 3 postscript figures included, introductory talk given
at the International Workshop on High Energy Photon Colliders, 14th - 17th
June 2000, DESY, Hamburg, German