Adult Female Spruce Bedworm, \u3ci\u3eChoristoneura Fumiferana\u3c/i\u3e (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), Dry Weight in Relationship to Pupal Fresh Weight and Case Diameter

(excerpt) The weights of adult insects are often measured in production and population studies in order to estimate such variables as growth rates, food conversion efficiencies, fecundity, and others. For the eastern spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens), both pupal fresh weights and pupal case diameters have been measured as indicators of adult fecundity and adult dry weights (Miller 1957). However, there are no reports explicitly showing the relationship between these metric pupal variables and adult dry weights. This is the goal of this note

Octave-tunable miniature RF resonators

The development and testing of a miniaturized, high-Q, broadly tunable resonator is described. An exemplary device, with a center frequency that is continuously tunable from 1.2 to 2.6 GHz, was tested in detail. Experimental results demonstrated a resonator Q of up to 380, and typical insertion loss of -1.9 dB for a 25 MHz 3-dB bandwidth. These resonators have been used to stabilize a broadly-tunable oscillator with phase noise of -132 dBc/Hz at 100-kHz offset, with a center frequency tunable from 1.2-2.6 GHz, and a tuning speed of 1 GHz/ms

Role of inner-core and boundary layer dynamics on tropical cyclone structure and intensification, The

2018 Spring.Includes bibliographical references.Inner-core and boundary layer dynamics play a vital role in the tropical cyclone life cycle. This study makes use of analytical solutions and numerical models to gain insight into the role of dynamical processes involved with the incipient, rapidly intensifying, and eyewall replacement stages. A simplified, axisymmetric, one-layer, analytical model of tropical cyclone intensification is developed. Rather than formulating the model with the gradient balance approximation, the model uses the wave-vortex approximation, an assumption to the kinetic energy of the system, which limits its use to flows with small Froude numbers. Through filtering the inertia-gravity waves and adding a mass sink so that potential vorticity is not conserved in the system, the model is solved and provides analytical, time-evolving solutions that provide insight into long incubation periods prior to rapid intensification, potential vorticity tower development without frictional effects, and storm evolution in time through the maximum tangential velocity, total energy phase space. To understand the applicability of the forced, balance model for tropical cyclone intensification, the model is compared to a model using gradient balance. The comparison shows that the model based on the wave-vortex approximation is appropriate for fluids with flow speeds indicative of the external vertical normal mode in which case the deviation to the fluid depth is small. To understand another aspect of the inner-core dynamics that influence the radial location of the mass sink associated with the eyewall convection in the tropical cyclone, boundary-layer dynamics are considered. Motivated by abrupt jumps in the horizontal wind fields observed in flight-level aircraft reconnaissance data collected in Hurricanes Allen (1980) and Hugo (1989), an axisymmetric, f-plane slab boundary layer numerical model with a prescribed pressure forcing is developed. From this model, two simple analytic models are formulated in addition to two local, steady-state models. These models allow for the role of shock dynamics in the tropical cyclone boundary layer to be assessed. Two local models are also developed to evaluate the role of the nonlinear terms in the full numerical slab model. The local models adequately describe the boundary layer winds outside of the eyewall region. If a storm is weak or broad, the local models can explain a portion of the structure that develops in the eyewall region. This result shows that, to capture the hyperbolic nature of the eyewall region, the nonlinear terms are needed. The nonlinear response allows for the boundary-layer Ekman pumping to shift radially inward into the region of high inertial stability. The results from the local models and full numerical model also show that as the vortex wind field broadens, the convergence associated with the primary eyewall decays and that a secondary maximum displaced radially outward forms, a feature indicative of the formation of a secondary eyewall

30 Days On $200: A Cooking Guide For Tasty & Healthy Eating On A Budget

Meal planning and cooking guide created to help people on food assistance and others better utilize their resources. This book contains health information, grocery shopping tips, meal planning guides, and easy instruction on cooking and the use of leftovers. With simple-to-read, image-based instruction, it teaches the basics on how to budget, plan meals, make shopping lists, and prepare food. The book assumes no prior cooking experience, and while anyone can benefit from the book regardless of income level, it makes a particular effort to demonstrate preparation for foods commonly acquired at food pantries.https://dune.une.edu/com_studproj/1000/thumbnail.jp

Diabatic and frictional forcing effects on the structure and intensity of tropical cyclones

2013 Fall.Includes bibliographical references.Tropical cyclone intensity forecasting skill has slowed in improvement for both dynamical and statistical-dynamical forecasting methods in comparison to gains seen in track forecasting skill. Also, forecast skill related to rapid intensification, e.g. a 30 kt or greater increase in intensity within a 24-hour period, still remains poor. In order to make advances and gain a greater understanding, the processes that affect intensity change, especially rapid intensification, need further study. This work evaluates the roles of diabatic and frictional forcing on the structure and intensity of tropical cyclones. To assess the diabatic forcing effects on intensity change in tropical cyclones, this study develops applications of Eliassen's balanced vortex model to obtain one-dimensional solutions to the geopotential tendency and two-dimensional solutions to the transverse circulation. The one-dimensional balanced solutions are found with dynamical model outputs as well as aircraft reconnaissance combined with diabatic heating derived from microwave rainfall rate retrievals. This work uses solutions from both datasets to make short-range intensity predictions. The results show that for the one-dimensional solutions, the tangential tendency does not match the dynamical model or aircraft wind tendencies. To relax the assumptions of the one-dimensional solutions to the geopotential tendency, solutions for idealized vortices are examined by finding two-dimensional solutions to the transverse circulation. The two-dimensional solutions allow for evaluation of the axisymmetric structure of the vortex on the (r, z)-plane without setting the baroclinicity to zero and the static stability to a constant value. While the sensitivity of tangential wind tendency to diabatic forcing and the region of high inertial stability is more realistic in the two-dimensional results, the solutions still neglect the influence of friction from the boundary layer. To understand further the role of frictional forcing in the boundary layer, two analytical slab models developed in this study provide insight into recent work that demonstrates how dry dynamics plays a role in determining eyewall location and size, how potential vorticity rings develop, and how an outer concentric eyewall forms through boundary layer "shock-like" structures. The analytical models show that when horizontal diffusion is neglected, the u(∂u/∂r) term in the radial equation of motion and the u[ƒ + (∂v/∂r) + (v/r)] term in the tangential equation of motion develop discontinuities in the radial and tangential wind, with associated singularities in the boundary layer pumping and the boundary layer vorticity. The analytical models provide insight into the boundary layer processes that are responsible for determining the location of the eyewall and the associated diabatic heating that ultimately impacts the intensity of the tropical cyclone. This work shows that future research linking the roles of frictional forcing in the boundary layer to the diabatic forcing aloft while using a balanced model will be important for gaining insight into forcing effects on tropical cyclone intensity

Performance and Health Monitoring and Analysis of Hive Scales Portal Web Application

Honey bee health and colony collapse disorder (CCD), a term coined in 2006, have been drawing global attention as bees are dying at a rapid rate. The University of Maryland reported that beekeepers across the US lost more than 40 percent of their honey bee colonies during the year spanning April 2014 to April 2015[1]. With seventy out of the top 100 human food crops, which supply about 90 percent of the world’s nutrition, being pollinated by bees [4], this puts our food supply at serious risk! Formed from a grant from the US Department of Agriculture, the Bee Informed Partnership (BIP) is a collaborative effort to address the declining honey bee population. A major part of this effort is being led by GVSU through the Hive Scales Portal web application. This application aggregates and stores data, collected from hive scales around the world, for researchers and scientists with the intent of identifying patterns that lead to best practices for caring for bees. As the quantity of contributing hives scales increase, the hive scale portal will need to scale proportionally. Knowing when or how much to scale is a guessing game without the proper visibility. The purpose of this project is to analyze the application and ensure it can scale. The key piece of this analysis is to integrate the necessary tools to ensure site health and performance visibility is available for continued monitoring

Experiment K-6-09. Morphological and biochemical investigation of microgravity-induced nerve and muscle breakdown. Part 1: Investigation of nerve and muscle breakdown during spaceflight; Part 2: Biochemical analysis of EDL and PLT muscles

The present findings on rat hindlimb muscles suggest that skeletal muscle weakness induced by prolonged spaceflight can result from a combination of muscle fiber atrophy, muscle fiber segmental necrosis, degeneration of motor nerve terminals and destruction of microcirculatory vessels. Damage was confined to the red adductor longus (AL) and soleus muscles. The midbelly region of the AL muscle had more segmental necrosis and edema than the ends. Macrophages and neutrophils were the major mononucleated cells infiltrating and phagocytosing the cellular debris. Toluidine blue-positive mast cells were significantly decreased in Flight AL muscles compared to controls; this indicated that degranulation of mast cells contributed to tissue edema. Increased ubiquitination of disrupted myofibrils may have promoted myofilament degradation. Overall, mitochondria content and SDH activity were normal, except for a decrease in the subsarcolemmal region. The myofibrillar ATPase activity shifted toward the fast type in the Flight AL muscles. Some of the pathological changes may have occurred or been exacerbated during the 2 day postflight period of readaptation to terrestrial gravity. While simple atrophy should be reversible by exercise, restoration of pathological changes depends upon complex processes of regeneration by stem cells. Initial signs of muscle and nerve fiber regeneration were detected. Even though regeneration proceeds on Earth, the space environment may inhibit repair and cause progressive irreversible deterioration during long term missions. Muscles obtained from Flight rats sacrificed immediately (within a few hours) after landing are needed to distinguish inflight changes from postflight readaptation

Search for Lena E. Mendelsohn

During much of the Twentieth Century, public accounting was considered to be a man\u27s profession. Few women had the fortitude or opportunity to challenge the system which generally discriminated against their practice of public accounting. Several papers have identified women pioneers in accountancy and others have documented the difficulties women faced in becoming Certified Public Accountants (CPA) and practicing professionally. Most of these papers have said a little or nothing of Lena E. Mendelsohn, although she is referred to by Meyers and Koval (1994) as ...a woman pioneer in the professional accounting field,...a well-known CPA in Boston. (p. 29) Other than a few references to her in the literature, little is known about Mendelsohn

A dynamics-driven approach to precision machines design for micro-manufacturing and its implementation perspectives

Precision machines are essential elements in fabricating high quality micro products or micro features and directly affect the machining accuracy, repeatability and efficiency. There are a number of literatures on the design of industrial machine elements and a couple of precision machines commercially available. However, few researchers have systematically addressed the design of precision machines from the dynamics point of view. In this paper, the design issues of precision machines are presented with particular emphasis on the dynamics aspects as the major factors affecting the performance of the precision machines and machining processes. This paper begins with a brief review of the design principles of precision machines with emphasis on machining dynamics. Then design processes of precision machines are discussed, and followed by a practical modelling and simulation approaches. Two case studies are provided including the design and analysis of a fast tool servo system and a 5-axis bench-top micro-milling machine respectively. The design and analysis used in the two case studies are formulated based on the design methodology and guidelines