213 research outputs found
Nonparabolicity effects and the spin-split electron dwell time in symmetric III-V double-barrier structures
We start from the fourth order nonparabolic and anisotropic conduction band bulk dispersion relation to obtain an one-band effective Hamiltonian which we apply to an AlGaSb symmetric double-barrier structure with resonant energies significantly (more than 200meV) above the well bottom. The spin-splitting is described by the k3 Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling term modifying only the effective mass of the spin eigenstates in the investigated structure. Apart from the bulk-like resonant energy shift due to the band nonparabolicity, we obtain a substantial shift depending on the choice of boundary conditions for the envelope functions at interfaces between different materials. The shift of resonant energy levels leads to the change of spin-splitting and the magnitude of the dwell times. We attempt to explain the influence of both the nonparabolicity and boundary conditions choice by introducing various effective masses
Quantization of a gauge theory on a curved noncommutative space
We study quantization of a gauge analogon of the Grosse-Wulkenhaar model: we
find divergent one-loop contributions to the 1-point and 2-point Green
functions. We obtain that five counterterms are necessary for renormalization
and that all divergences are logarithmic.Comment: 23 pages, 3 figure
AdS-inspired noncommutative gravity on the Moyal plane
We consider noncommutative gravity on a space with canonical noncommutativity
that is based on the commutative MacDowell-Mansouri action. Gravity is treated
as gauge theory of the noncommutative group and the
Seiberg-Witten (SW) map is used to express noncommutative fields in terms of
the corresponding commutative fields. In the commutative limit the
noncommutative action reduces to the Einstein-Hilbert action plus the
cosmological term and the topological Gauss-Bonnet term. After the SW expansion
in the noncommutative parameter the first order correction to the action, as
expected, vanishes. We calculate the second order correction and write it in a
manifestly gauge covariant way.Comment: 22 pages, no figures, final versio
Non-commutative SU(N) gauge theories and asymptotic freedom
In this paper we analyze the one-loop renormalization of the
-expanded Yang-Mills theory. We show that the {\it freedom
parameter} , key to renormalization, originates from higher order
non-commutative gauge interaction, represented by a higher derivative term . The renormalization condition fixes the allowed values of the
parameter to one of the two solutions: or , i.e. to or to
, respectively. When the higher order interaction is switched on,
(), pure non-commutative SU(N) gauge theory at first order in
-expansion becomes one-loop renormalizable for various representations
of the gauge group. We also show that, in the case and the adjoint
representation of the gauge fields, the non-commutative deformation parameter
has to be renormalized and it is asymptotically free.Comment: 16 pages, no figure
Simple algorithm for computing the stiffness matrix of composite cross-section
The paper proposes an algorithm for computing the stiffness matrix of composite cross-sections made of two or more different materials. Irrespective of the cross-section geometry, the calculation puts forward a numerical solution applying the finite element method (FEM). The cross-section is discretised into fibers and integration over the section area is performed numerically. The required geometric characteristics and stiffness matrix of the entire cross-section are formed by the assembling procedure. Beam theory equations are used for calculating stresses and strains at characteristic points of the cross-section. Materially nonlinear behaviour of concrete and steel is considered. The advantage of the proposed numerical algorithm is that results of satisfying accuracy are obtained in only a few iterations. The algorithm is implemented in own computer program with a straightforward input data procedure
Time delay in thin slabs with self-focusing Kerr-type nonlinearity
Time delays for an intense transverse electric
(TE) wave propagating through a Kerr-type nonlinear slab are investigated.
The relation between the bidirectional group delay and the dwell time is
derived and it is shown that the difference between them can be separated
into three terms. The first one is the familiar self interference time, due
to the dispersion of the medium surrounding the slab. The other two terms
are caused by the nonlinearity and oblique incidence of the TE wave. It is
shown that the electric field distribution along the slab may be expressed
in terms of Jacobi elliptic functions while the phase difference introduced by the slab is given in terms of incomplete elliptic integrals. The expressions for the field intensity dependent complex reflection and transmission coefficients are derived and the multivalued oscillatory behavior of the delay times for the case of a thin slab is demonstrated
Towards automated design of quantum cascade lasers
We present an advanced technique for the design and optimization of GaAs/AlGaAs quantum cascade laser structures. It is based on the implementation of the simulated annealing algorithm with the purpose of determining a set of design parameters that satisfy predefined conditions, leading to an enhancement of the device output characteristics. Two important design aspects have been addressed: improved thermal behavior, achieved by the use of higher conduction band offset materials, and a more efficient extraction mechanism, realized via a ladder of three lower laser states, with subsequent pairs separated by the optical phonon energy. A detailed analysis of performance of the obtained structures is carried out within a full self-consistent rate equations model of the carrier dynamics. The latter uses wave functions calculated by the transfer matrix method, and evaluates all relevant carrierāphonon and carrierācarrier scattering rates from each quantized state to all others within the same and neighboring periods of the cascade. These values are then used to form a set of rate equations for the carrier density in each state, enabling further calculation of the current density and gain as a function of the applied field and temperature. This paper addresses the application of the described procedure to the design of lambda~9 Āµm GaAs-based mid-infrared quantum cascade lasers and presents the output characteristics of some of the designed optimized structures. Ā© 2005 American Institute of Physic
Edem mozga kod zavisnika od droge
Background/Aim. The effect of drugs leaves permanent consequences on the brain, organic in type, followed by numerous manifestations, and it significantly affects the development of mental dysfunctions. The clinicians are often given a task to estimate a patient's personality during treatment or during experts estimate of a drug addict. The aim of this research was to determine the differences, if any, in characteristics of addicts experience and personality traits in drug addicts with or without cerebral edema. Methods. The research was conducted on a sample of 252 male drug addicts, the average age of 23.3 (SD = 4.3) years. Cerebral edema was confirmed on magnetic resonance (MR) images of the brain performed during the treatment of the addicts. The participants were tested by the psychologists using Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-201) test, and the data were processed using canonical discriminate analysis within the SPSS program. The dependent variable in the study was cerebral edema. A block of independent variables, designed for the requirements of this study, consisted of two subgroups. The first one consisted of 12 variables describing the relevant characteristics of drug abuse. The second subgroup consisted of 8 psychopathological tendencies in the personality defined by the mentioned test. Results. Cerebral edema was confirmed in 52 (20.63%) of the drug addicts. The differences between the groups of drug addicts with and without cerebral edema were determined in the following: the time span of taking drugs (0.301), use of alcohol parallel with drugs (0.466), and treatment for addiction (0.603). In the drug addicts with a cerebral edema, MMPI-201 confirmed the increase in the scales for hypochondria, psychopathic deviations and psychastenia, and the decrease in the scales for schizophrenia and depression. Conclusion. Our study confirmed a possible connection between cerebral edema and personality traits in a number of the examined drug addicts. Considering the fact that practice often requires personality estimation, regardless whether it is about treatment or expert's estimate, it is necessary to further research in this direction.Uvod/Cilj. Dejstvo droge ostavlja trajne posledice organskog tipa, na mozak, praÄene brojnim neuroloÅ”kim manifestacijama, i bitno utiÄe na razvoj psihiÄkih poremeÄaja. KliniÄarima se Äesto postavlja zadatak da procene liÄnost tokom leÄenja ili veÅ”taÄenja zavisnika od droge. Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrÄivanje karakteristika narkomanskog staža i osobina liÄnosti kod zavisnika od droge sa i bez edema mozga. Metode. Istraživanje je sprovedeno u grupi od 252 zavisnika od droge muÅ”kog pola, proseÄne starosti 23,3 (SD = 4,3) godine. Za vreme leÄenja zavisnika od droge raÄena je magnetna rezonanca mozga, a za procenu psihopatoloÅ”kih tendencija liÄnosti koriÅ”Äen je Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-201) test. Za obradu podataka koriÅ”Äena je kanoniÄka diskriminativna analiza u sklopu SPSS programa. Zavisna varijabla u istraživanju bio je edem mozga. Blok nezavisnih varijabli, saÄinjen za potrebe ovog istraživanja, sastojao se od dve podgrupe. Prvu je Äinilo 12 varijabli kojima se opisuju relevantna obeležja zavisnosti od droga. Drugu je Äinilo 8 psihopatoloÅ”kih tendencija liÄnosti definisanih pomenutim testom. Rezultati. Edem mozga utvrÄen je kod 52 (20,63%) zavisnika od droge. Razlike izmeÄu grupa zavisnika od droge sa i bez edema mozga utvrÄene su u dužini narkomanskog staža (0,301), koriÅ”Äenju alkohola paralelno sa drogama (0,466) i leÄenju zavisnosti (0,603). Kod zavisnika od droge sa cerebralnim edemom na MMPI-201 testu utvrÄene su poviÅ”ene skale hipohondrije, psihopatske devijacije i psihastenije, a sniženje skala Å”izofrenije i depresije. ZakljuÄak. Kod jednog broja ispitivanih zavisnika od droge potvrÄena je sumnja u moguÄnost povezanosti edema mozga i osobina liÄnosti. S obzirom na to da praksa Äesto iziskuje potrebu za procenom liÄnosti, bilo da se radi o leÄenju ili veÅ”taÄenju, neophodno je nastaviti istraživanja u ovom pravcu
(Non)renormalizability of the D-deformed Wess-Zumino model
We continue the analysis of the -deformed Wess-Zumino model which was
started in the previous paper. The model is defined by a deformation which is
non-hermitian and given in terms of the covariant derivatives . We
calculate one-loop divergences in the two-point, three-point and four-point
Green functions. We find that the divergences in the four-point function cannot
be absorbed and thus our model is not renormalizable. We discuss possibilities
to render the model renormalizable.Comment: 19 pages; version accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.D; new section
with the detailed discussion on renormalizabilty added and a special choice
of coupling constants which renders the model renormalizable analyze
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