Assessing the risk of an emerging zoonosis of worldwide concern : anisakiasis

The authors sincerely thank the Biobanking platform at the PARASITE project (EU FP7 PARASITE project (GA no. 312068)) for providing host-parasite data. We thank Rosa Fernández and Cristina Martínez from CETMAR for their help during creation and divulgation of the questionnaires. We also thank Arturo del Rey Moreno (“Antequera” hospital) for his helpful comments. We are also grateful to “Subdirección General de Economía Pesquera” of “Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente” (MAGRAMA) of the Spanish government for providing anchovy trade statistics for 2013. M. Bao is supported by a PhD grant from the University of Aberdeen and also by financial support of the contract from the EU Project PARASITE (grant number 312068).Peer reviewedPublisher PD

High-pressure eo-Hercynian metamorphism and development of an inverted metamorphic gradient in the schists from the Santiago Unit (Ordenes Complex, NW Iberian Massif, Spain)

[Resumen] La evolución tectonotermal de la Unidad de Santiago, situada en el margen occidental del Complejo de Ordenes, está caracterizada por el desarrollo de un episodio de metamorfismo eo-hercínico de alta -P y baja a intermedia -T. Las condiciones P-T para las paragénesis del evento de alta presión (que se conservan esencialmente como una Si = SI muy fina incluida en porfidoblastos de albita de esquistos semipelíticos) han sido estimadas en 493 ± 9°C y 14,7 ± 0.7 kbar (presión mínima). El desarrollo del metamorfismo de alta presión y la ausencia de reequilibrios significativos en su mineralogía característica, sugiere que la unidad (probablemente un fragmento del margen continental de Gondwana) ha sido elevada inmediatamente después de su subducción en el comienzo de la Orogenia Hercínica. El ascenso sin-F2 de la Unidad de Santiago induce una trayectoria P-T marcadamente descompresiva y ligeramente prograda. Esta trayectoria sugiere muy probablemente que la mayor parte de la historia ascensional de la unidad tuvo lugar en un contexto de extensión dúctil, relacionada con la subducción progresiva del margen continental de Gondwana y el desarrollo contemporáneo de extensión compensatoria por encima. La disposición actual de las zonas metamórficas sin-F2 es inversa, con la zona de la estaurolita (que representa el pico térmico) ocupando el techo de la unidad.[Abstract] A high-pressure-Iow to intermediate-temperature eo-Hercynian metamorphic event characterizes the tectonothermal evolution of the Santiago Unit, in the western margin of the Ordenes Complexo P-T conditions for the mineral assemblages of the high-pressure event (wich is essentially preserved as a very thin Si =SI included in albite porphyroblasts from semipelitic schists) have been estimated at 493 ± 9°C and 14.7 ± 0.7 kbar (minimum pressure). The development of the high-pressure metamorphism and the lacking of significative reequilibrium of their characteristic mineralogy, suggests that the unit (probably a fragment of the continental margin of Gondwana) has been uplifted inmediately after undergoing subduction in the beginning of the Hercynian Orogeny. The syn-D2 uplift of the Santiago Unit cause a markedly decompressive-slightly prograde P-T path. This path very likely suggests that the majority of the rising history of the unit took place in a context of ductile extensión, related to the continued underplating of the continental margin of Gondwana and compensating extension aboye. The actual disposition of the syn-D2 metamorphic zones is inverse, with the staurolite zone (which represents the thermal peak) occupying the top of the uni

The physiology of ex vitro pineapple ( Ananas comosus L. Merr. var MD-2) as CAM or C3 is regulated by environmental conditions: proteomic and transcriptomic profiles

Pineapple is one of the most important tropical crops worldwide. The use of Temporary Immersion Bioreactors (TIB) for the first stages of pineapple propagation enables precise control of plant growth, increases the rate of plant multiplication, decreases space, energy and labor requirements for pineapple plants in commercial micropropagation. Once the plantlets are ready to be taken from the reactors, they are carefully acclimatized to adapt to natural environmental conditions, and a facultative C3/CAM metabolism in the first two months of growth is characteristic of pineapple plants, depending on environmental conditions. We subjected two sets of micropropagated pineapple plants to C3 and CAM-inducing environmental conditions, determined by light intensity/relative humidity (respectively 40μmol.m-2s-1/85% and 260μmol.m-2.s-1/50%). Leaves of pineapple plants grown under CAM inducing conditions showed higher leaf thickness and more developed cuticles and hypodermic tissue. Proteomic profiles of several proteins, isoenzyme patterns and transcriptomic profiles were also measured. Five major spots were isolated and identified, two of them for the first time in Ananas comosus (OEE 1; OEE 2) and the other three corresponding to small fragments of the large subunit of Rubisco (LSU). PEPC and PEPCK were also detected by immunobloting of 2DE at the end of both ex vitro treatments (C3/CAM) during the dark period. Isoenzymes of SOD and CAT were identified by electrophoresis and the transcript levels of OEE 1 and CAT were associated with CAM metabolism in pineapple plants

La insolvencia de las persona físicas. Aproximación jurídico-financiera..

La situacio´n econo´mica actual conlleva importantes dificultades para muchos consumidores. Como consecuencia, muchas familias se ven inmersas en procedimientos de insolvencia. La vigente Ley Concursal es una herramienta inadecuada para enfrentarse a esta situacio´n. El presente arti´culo pretende analizar, a partir de la estadi´stica judicial, las causas que hay detra´s de la insolvencia de los consumidores y las posibles materias que una eventual reforma concursal deberi´a tener en cuenta

Análisis de solvencia en empresas no financieras: modelo estático versus modelo dinámico

El objetivo de este trabajo es establecer empíricamente una priorización razonada de los modelos estático y dinámico de evaluación de solvencia a la hora de realizar el diagnóstico financiero empresarial, en base a la bondad y grado de aciertos experimentados. Se utilizaron empresas concursadas como empresas objetivamente insolventes, en donde pudimos constatar el modelo más preciso en detección de insolvencias, resultando ser, además, el más completo, puesto que nos permitía reconocer claramente los tres momentos clave en el proceso de generación de solvencia, que se identifican con las posibles causas de dificultad financiera

Promoting Physical Activity Habits after Completing Secondary School: Does the Age Matter?

Physical inactivity is one of the most important problems in our society, especially during adolescence. During this stage of schooling, students practice physical activity in physical education classes, but after they finish school, many of them stop practicing it. This research aims to determine which variables predict the intention to practice physical activity after finishing secondary school and to discover the effect that age during adolescence has on these predictive variables. A questionnaire was administered to a sample of secondary school students. The results show that physical exercise identity influences the three antecedents of this theory, while the attitude towards the behaviour ( = 0.13; p < 0.05), perceived behavioural control ( = 0.46; p < 0.05), and physical self-concept ( = 0.41; p < 0.05), have a statistically significant influence on the intention to be physically active. Moreover, when the age is lower, is more important to develop a positive perceived behavioural control and physical exercise identity. Moreover, for younger male adolescents instead of the physical exercise itself, identity seems more important in developing a positive attitude towards behaviour. Likewise, in young female adolescents a low level of support from their close environment (subjective norm) leads to dropping out. The research concludes with the importance of including these variables in physical education classes to promote physical activity practice after completion of secondary school. Some practical implications are presented

Processing and mechanical properties of novel biodegradable poly-lactic acid/Zn 3D printed scaffolds for application in tissue regeneration

The feasibility to manufacture scaffolds of poly-lactic acid reinforced with Zn particles by fused filament fabrication is demonstrated for the first time. Filaments of 2.85 mm in diameter of PLA reinforced with different weight fractions of $\mu$m-sized Zn - 1 wt. \% Mg alloy particles (in the range 3.5 to 17.5 wt. \%) were manufactured by a double extrusion in method in which standard extrusion is followed by a precision extrusion in a filament-maker machine. Filaments with constant diameter, negligible porosity and a homogeneous reinforcement distribution were obtained for Zn weight fractions of up to 10.5\%. It was found that the presence of Zn particles led to limited changes in the physico-chemical properties of the PLA that did not affect the window temperature for 3D printing nor the melt flow index. Thus, porous scaffolds could be manufactured by fused filament fabrication at 190\textdegree C with poly-lactic acid/Zn composites containing 3.5 and 7 wt. \% of Zn and at 170\textdegree C when the Zn content was 10.5 wt. \% with excellent dimensional accuracy and mechanical properties

El «Compendio de Exploración Médica» de Nóvoa Santos y Vila Barberá

During the Spanish culture Silver Age (1898-1936), medicine was not indifferent to this new Reinaissance. And it was owing to the birth of some important Spanish figures, born since 1870; to the arrival of the modern scientific medicine from France with Magendie, Bernard, Pasteur’s works, and from Germany with Virchow, Koch, von Krehl and others’works; and to the fact that our doctors went there to study, thanks to the activity of the JAE., founded in 1907, during Alfonso XIII’s reign, and whose president was D. Santiago Ramón y Cajal. For the first time since the Golden Age, Spanish medicine was among the best in the world. Next to translations of foreign works, a valuable own output comes up. Cajal and Tello’s neurohistological work, with Achúcarro, Simarro, etc. and the appearance of medicine treatises like that one written by Hernando and Marañón, Nóvoa Santos’ General Pathology and the monumental Ibero-American treatise on Internal Medicine by Fidel Fernández, are a good example of this. However, scientific medicine for general practitioners was asking for a complete but feasible clinical examination work. Noguer Molins had written one in 1916, but it did not include radiology or laboratory. We are presenting the first attempt, unknown up to now, of publishing a complete feasible manual on clinical examination, radiology and laboratory, written by two of the most important medicine figures in that time: General Pathology chairs in Madrid and Valencia, Roberto Nóvoa Santos and Ramón Vila Barberá.En la Edad de Plata de la Cultura española (1898-1936), la medicina no fue ajena al nuevo Renacimiento. A ello contribuyó la aparición de una serie de figuras, nacidas a partir de 1870; la llegada de la moderna medicina científica de Francia, con la obra de Magendie, Claude Bernard, Luis Pasteur, y de Alemania con Virchow, Koch, von Krehl y otros; así como la salida de nuestros médicos a formarse allí, gracias a la actividad de la JAE fundada en 1907, durante el reinado de Alfonso XIII, y presidida por D. Santiago Ramón y Cajal. Por primera vez, desde el Siglo de Oro, la medicina española estaba entre las mejores. Junto a las traducciones de obras extranjeras, surge una estimable producción propia. La obra neurohistológica de Cajal y Tello, con sus correspondientes clínicos en Achúcarro, Simarro, etc. y la aparición de tratados de medicina como el de Hernando y Marañón, la Patología General de Nóvoa Santos y el monumental Tratado Iberoamericano de Medicina Interna de Fidel Fernández, son una muestra de ello. Sin embargo, la medicina científica a la cabecera del enfermo demandaba alguna obra de exploración clínica completa pero asequible. Existía ya la obra de Noguer Molins, que data de 1916, pero no incluía radiología y laboratorio. Presentamos el primer intento, inédito hasta ahora, de edición de un manual completo y asequible de exploración clínica, de radiología y laboratorio, llevado a cabo por dos de las figuras de la medicina de la época: los catedráticos de Patología General de Madrid y Valencia, Roberto Nóvoa Santos y Ramón Vila Barberá. [gl] Na Era de Prata da cultura española (1898-1936), a medicina non era inmune ao novo Renacemento. Isto contribuíu a aparición dunha serie de figuras, nacidas a partires de 1870; coa chegada da moderna medicina científica en Francia, co traballo de Magendie, Bernard, Pasteur, e Alemaña, con Virchow, Koch, von Krehl e outros; e a saída dos nosos médicos para formar alí, grazas á actividade da JAE fundada en 1907, durante o reinado de Alfonso XIII e presidido por D. Santiago Ramón y Cajal. Por primeira vez dende a Idade de Ouro da medicina española estaba entre os mellores. Xunto con traducións de obras estranxeiras, ven unha producción propia estimáveis. O traballo neuro-histolóxico de Cajal e Tello, co seu correspondente clínico en Achúcarro, Simarro, etc. e a aparición de tratados médicos como o de Hernando e Marañón, a Patoloxía Xeneral de Nóvoa Santos e o monumental Tratado Iberoamericano de Medicina Interna de Fidel Fernández, son un exemplo diso. Con todo, a medicina científica á cabeceira esixía un tratado de exame clínico completo pero accesible. Xa o foi o traballo de Noguer Molins, que data de 1916, pero non incluíu radioloxía e laboratorio. Presentamos o primeiro intento, ata agora inédito, a edición dun manual de exame clínico completo e accesible, con radioloxía e laboratorio, realizada por dúas das figuras en medicina da época: os profesores de Patoloxía Xeral de Madrid e Valencia Roberto Novoa Santos e Ramón Vila Barbera