The electron-nucleon cross section in (e,e′p)(e,e'p) reactions

We examine commonly used approaches to deal with the scattering of electrons from a bound nucleon. Several prescriptions are shown to be related by gauge transformations. Nevertheless, due to current non-conservation, they yield different results. These differences reflect the size of the uncertainty that persists in the interpretation of $(e,e'p)$ experiments.Comment: 6 pp (10 in preprint form), ReVTeX, (+ 4 figures, uuencoded

Cognitive Information Processing

Contains reports on three research projects.Joint Services Electronics Program (Contract DAAB07-75-C-1346)National Science Foundation (Grant ENG74-24344

Nuclear currents based on the integral form of the continuity equation

We present an approach to obtain new forms of the nuclear electromagnetic current, which is based on an integral form of the continuity equation. The procedure can be used to restore current conservation in model calculations in which the continuity equation is not verified. Besides, it provides, as a particular result, the so-called Siegert's form of the nuclear current, first obtained by Friar and Fallieros by extending Siegert's theorem to arbitrary values of the momentum transfer. The new currents are explicitly conserved and permit a straightforward analysis of their behavior at both low and high momentum transfers. The results are illustrated with a simple nuclear model which includes a harmonic oscillator mean potential.Comment: 19 pages, revtex, plus 2 PS figure

Primer on Durability of Nuclear Power Plant Reinforced Concrete Structures - A Review of Pertinent Factors

The objective of this study was to provide a primer on the environmental effects that can affect the durability of nuclear power plant concrete structures. As concrete ages, changes in its properties will occur as a result of continuing microstructural changes (i.e., slow hydration, crystallization of amorphous constituents, and reactions between cement paste and aggregates), as well as environmental influences. These changes do not have to be detrimental to the point that concrete will not be able to meet its performance requirements. Concrete, however, can suffer undesirable changes with time because of improper specifications, a violation of specifications, or adverse performance of its cement paste matrix or aggregate constituents under either physical or chemical attack. Contained in this report is a discussion on concrete durability and the relationship between durability and performance, a review of the historical perspective related to concrete and longevity, a description of the basic materials that comprise reinforced concrete, and information on the environmental factors that can affect the performance of nuclear power plant concrete structures. Commentary is provided on the importance of an aging management program

Are Hospital Efficiency and Quality of Care Affordable without External Revenue?

This qualitative study explored strategies academic research hospital administrators in Ontario, Canada, apply to generate nongovernment revenue to remain sustainable. The participants in the study consisted of senior-level academic research hospital executives with extensive experience in the subject area from major academic research hospitals, ranking the hospitals from highest to lowest in revenue generation. From this study, five themes emerged: working within the fiscal reality, the impact of the political environment, the focus on the mission, nongovernment revenue generation, and opportunities for the Ontario academic research hospitals. Findings from this study may contribute to discussions on implementing change by encouraging hospital executives to adopt a more coordinated and consistent approach to generating nongovernment revenue to support the mission of their hospitals

Deep-ultraviolet cavity ringdown spectroscopy

The sensitive optical detection technique of cavity ringdown spectroscopy is extended to the wavelength range 197-204 nm. A novel design narrowband Fourier-transform-limited laser is used, and the technique is applied to gas-phase extinction measurements in CO2, SF6, and O-2. Further demonstration of the system capabilities is given in high-resolution recordings of the Schumann-Runge (0, 0), (1, 0), and (2, 0) bands in O-2. (C) 2004 Optical Society of America

The off-shell electromagnetic form factors of pions and kaons in chiral perturbation theory

The off-shell electromagnetic vertex of a (pseudo-) scalar particle contains, in general, two form factors F and G which depend, in addition to the squared momentum transfer, on the invariant masses associated with the initial and final legs of the vertex. Chiral perturbation theory to one loop is used to calculate the off-shell form factors of pions and kaons. The formalism of Gasser and Leutwyler, which was previously used to calculate the on-shell limit of the form factor F, is extended to accommodate the most general form for off-shell Green's functions in the pseudoscalar meson sector. We find that chiral symmetry predicts that the form factors F of the charged pions and kaons go off-shell in the same way, i.e., the off-shell slope at the real photon point is given by the same new phenomenological constant $\beta_1$. Furthermore, it is shown that at order $p^4$ the form factor F of the $K^0$ does not show any off-shell dependence. The form factors G are all related to the form factors F in the correct fashion as required by the Ward-Takahashi identity. Numerical results for different off-shell kinematics are presented.Comment: TRIUMF preprint TRI-PP-94-4, 25 pages in LaTeX + 10 figures (uufile'd, compressed PostScript file appended at end, hardcopy available from authors

Over Spoelen en Vermalen : bewonersonderzoek naar percepties and gebruikerservaringen van het project Waterschoon in Sneek

Op dit moment zijn er een aantal demonstratieprojecten gaande in Nederland waarin alternatieve vormen van sanitatie (nieuwe sanitatie) worden toegepast. Een van de meest vooruitstrevende projecten is het Waterschoon project in Sneek. Hier worden 230 huurwoningen gerealiseerd (bouwproject Noorderhoek) waarbij toiletten en keukenvermalers voor organisch afval worden aangesloten op een vacuümsysteem en een vergistingsinstallatie in de wijk. Het project bouwt voort op de ervaringen van een demonstratieproject met vacuüm toiletten bij 32 woningen in Lemmerweg-Oost in Sneek