Selected cultivars of cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) as a new food source for human nutrition

The aim of this work was to determine antioxidant activity in 12 cultivars of cornelian cherry (Cornusmas L.). Two assays based on ion reduction of ABTS (2,2´-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate) and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radicals were used for antioxidant activity. Totalphenolic content of the fruit was analysed by Folin-Ciocelteau colorimetric method and ascorbic acidcontent was analysed using column chromatography - electrochemical detector (Coulochem III). Thehighest amounts of total phenolic content were found in cultivars ´Vydubeckij´ and ´Titus´ as 7.96 and8.11 g gallic acid kg-1 of fresh mass (FM). High correlation between polyphenols and antioxidant activityin fruits of the cultivars was observed (r2 = 0.970 for DPPH test and r2 = 0.978 for ABTS test). Thehighest total content of ascorbic acid was determined in cultivar ´Olomoucky´, with the value of 3.11 gkg-1 FM. This study attempts to contribute to the knowledge of human nutritional properties of thesecornelian cherry cultivars and may be useful for the evaluation of dietary information and furtherpropagation of cultivation and utilization of this fruit in the world

Influence of Grapeseed oIl MIcroeMulsIon addItIons on textural and sensory propertIes of a Wheat-rye Bread and a Wheat french loaf

abstract Boudova Pecivova, P., J. Mlcek, v. kuBan and J. Bartek, 2014. Influence of grapeseed oil micro emulsion additions on textural and sensory properties of a wheatrye bread and a wheat French loaf. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 20: 510514 Additions of o/w microemulsions made from Vitis vinifera virgin grape seed oil on textural and sensory properties of wheatrye bread and wheat French loaf were evaluated. Texture analysis of the final products showed no differences in firm ness. The samples of wheat French loaf with additions of the microemulsion had lower dryness in comparison to control wheat French loaf. The samples of wheat French loaf with higher additions of the microemulsion (3040 g/kg) had better quality than the control sample of the wheat French loaf. Selected assessors evaluated the samples of French loaf with additions of the mi croemulsion as better quality and less dry

A large arteriovenous fistula steals a considerable part of systemic blood flow during veno-arterial extracorporeal circulation support in a porcine model

Background: Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) is one of the most frequently used mechanical circulatory support devices. Distribution of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation flow depends (similarly as the cardiac output distribution) on regional vascular resistance. Arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs), used frequently as hemodialysis access, represent a low-resistant circuit which steals part of the systemic perfusion. We tested the hypothesis that the presence of a large Arteriovenous fistulas significantly changes organ perfusion during a partial and a full Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support.Methods: The protocol was performed on domestic female pigs held under general anesthesia. Cannulas for Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation were inserted into femoral artery and vein. The Arteriovenous fistulas was created using another two high-diameter extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cannulas inserted in the contralateral femoral artery and vein. Catheters, flow probes, flow wires and other sensors were placed for continuous monitoring of haemodynamics and organ perfusion. A stepwise increase in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation flow was considered under beating heart and ventricular fibrillation (VF) with closed and opened Arteriovenous fistulas.Results: Opening of a large Arteriovenous fistulas (blood flow ranging from 1.1 to 2.2 L/min) resulted in decrease of effective systemic blood flow by 17%–30% (p < 0.01 for all steps). This led to a significant decrease of carotid artery flow (ranging from 13% to 25% after Arteriovenous fistulas opening) following VF and under partial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support. Cerebral tissue oxygenation measured by near infrared spectroscopy also decreased significantly in all steps. These changes occurred even with maintained perfusion pressure. Changes in coronary artery flow were driven by changes in the native cardiac output.Conclusion: A large arteriovenous fistula can completely counteract Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support unless maximal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation flow is applied. Cerebral blood flow and oxygenation are mainly compromised by the effect of the Arteriovenous fistulas. These effects could influence brain function in patients with Arteriovenous fistulas on Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Unlocking the biological potential of proteins from edible insects through enzymatic hydrolysis: a review

peer-reviewedThis review, focusing on studies published between 2005 and 2017, analysed the literature on the generation of bioactive peptides (BAPs) from edible insect proteins following enzymatic hydrolysis. The protein extraction and quantification methodologies used for edible insects varied considerably. While several edible insects have been evaluated for their ability to release BAPs, silkworm (Bombyx mori) is currently the most studied. Specifically, the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory, antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of edible insect protein enzymatic hydrolysates have been studied. Potent in vitro ACE inhibitory and antioxidant hydrolysates/peptides have been reported. In certain instances, these properties were validated in small animal studies (i.e. hypotensive effects). Enzymatic hydrolysis of edible insect proteins may also enhance technofunctional properties (i.e. solubility). The wider application of enzymatic hydrolysis protocols to edible insect proteins may ultimately allow for the increased discovery and utilisation of novel BAPs as sustainable protein/peptide sources for human nutrition.ACCEPTEDpeer-reviewe

A922 Sequential measurement of 1 hour creatinine clearance (1-CRCL) in critically ill patients at risk of acute kidney injury (AKI)

Meeting abstrac

Assessment of antioxidants by HPLC-MS in grapevine seeds

It is well known, that grapevine seeds are rich in significant antioxidants. However, the issue of dealing with the analysis and comparison of antioxidant components in the seeds of Vitis vinifera L. in individual cultivars has not yet been sufficiently studied. The experiment was performed with extracts of three varieties (Blaufränkish, Italian Riesling and Cabernet Moravia) and three interspecific cultivars (Nativa, Marlen and Kofranka). Contents of nine major flavonoids (apigenin, astragalin, hyperoside, isorhamnetin, kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin, quercitrin and rutin) and two procyanidins (procyanidin A2 and procyanidin B1) were assessed by the HPLC/MS method. The highest contents of antioxidants were found out in interspecific cultivars Marlen and Nativa while the lowest one was assessed in the cultivar Cabernet Moravia. The most represented flavonoid was hyperoside (cultivar Marlen – 15.66 mg∙l–1), least represented was kaempferol (cultivar Cabernet Moravia – 1.81 µg∙l–1)

Assessment of total polar materials in Frying fats from Czech restaurants

Deep-frying is commonly used as convenient technique for the preparation of foods. The frying oils and fats are absorbed by fried food and become a part of diet. The content of total polar materials was determined in frying oils and fats in 46 restaurants from South Moravia and the Olomouc regions. Twenty-eight samples were found with total polar materials with limit of rejection over 24%. The highest total polar materials values were observed in cooking fat; the lowest one was in vegetable shortening oil. This conclusion corresponds with frying temperatures, which were highest in cooking fat