333 research outputs found
Differences in Maximal Oxygen Uptake Between Non-Athlete Schreiner Female Students and Division III College Tennis Women
Rates of obesity and physical inactivity continue to rise, particularly among women. PURPOSE: To measure the difference between maximal oxygen consumption between female NCAA Division III college athletes and female non-NCAA Division III athletes. METHODS: Voluntary, female NCAA Division III tennis athletes (N=9, M age=20.1 years) and female non-athletes (N=9, age= M 20.4 years) were recruited by the researcher in Spring 2019. Participants self-reported height and weight to calculate Body Mass Index (M=23.88 kg/m2, SD=5.46 kg/m2) and completed the Queenâs College Step Test. Maximal oxygen consumption was determined using Katch and McCardleâs Queen College Step Test recovery heart rate predicted formula. RESULTS: An independent samples T-test determined that there was not a statistically significant difference (t=.068, df=16, p=.947) between athletes (M=37.41 ml/kg/min, SD=3.91 ml/kg/min) and non-athletes (M=37.57 ml/kg/min, SD=6.17 ml/kg/min). CONCLUSION: Although there was no statistically significant difference for maximal oxygen consumption between the athletes and non-athletes, average scores for both groups were classified as âfairâ, per ACSM classifications for age and gender. Efforts to improve cardiorespiratory fitness should be considered for college athletes and non-athletes, particularly as rates of hypertension and cardiovascular disease have increased among American adults
Institutional roots of international alliances: party groupings and position similarity at global climate negotiations
A large literature in international relations explores the domestic origin of national positions at international organizations (IOs). Less researched is the institutional assembling within IOs, and how alliances formed around negotiation groups affect countriesâ positions. We explore this question in the context of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), focusing on the role that institutional coalitions have on membersâ statement similarity. Our baseline expectation is that similar economic development is the main determinant of coalition-building, so more common preferences emerge among members of economically similar negotiation groups. At the same time, and in line with other institutionalist views, we hold that some coalitions reflect alternative cross-cutting dimensions of interdependence and that this may increase the position similarity of their members. In the case of climate cooperation, we suggest that a high level of shared environmental vulnerability in a group may also cluster countriesâ positions. We interrogate our expectations with new text-as-data measures that estimate associations of countriesâ statements at the UNFCCC between 2010 and 2016. We find that states in more economically homogenous negotiation blocs share more similar national statements. Additionally, similar themes emerge among more vulnerable countries, although these are only amplified in small and uniform negotiation groups. Our evidence has implications for global cooperation based on a NorthâSouth dialogue and for the effectiveness of institutionalized coalitions at international organizations
Rotating ground states of trapped Bose atoms with arbitrary two-body interactions
In a k-dimensional system of weakly interacting Bose atoms trapped by a
spherically symmetric and harmonic external potential, an exact expression is
obtained for the rotating ground states at a fixed angular momentum. The result
is valid for arbitrary interactions obeying minimal physical requirements.
Depending on the sign of a modified scattering length, it reduces to either a
collective rotation or a condensed vortex state, with no alternative. The
ground state can undergo a kind of quantum phase transition when the shape of
the interaction potential is smoothly varied.Comment: Talk given at the International Conference on Theoretical Physics
(TH2002),Paris, UNESCO, 22-27 July; 11 pages, 3 figures, few typos fixe
The Digital Life of Walkable Streets
Walkability has many health, environmental, and economic benefits. That is
why web and mobile services have been offering ways of computing walkability
scores of individual street segments. Those scores are generally computed from
survey data and manual counting (of even trees). However, that is costly, owing
to the high time, effort, and financial costs. To partly automate the
computation of those scores, we explore the possibility of using the social
media data of Flickr and Foursquare to automatically identify safe and walkable
streets. We find that unsafe streets tend to be photographed during the day,
while walkable streets are tagged with walkability-related keywords. These
results open up practical opportunities (for, e.g., room booking services,
urban route recommenders, and real-estate sites) and have theoretical
implications for researchers who might resort to the use social media data to
tackle previously unanswered questions in the area of walkability.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, Proceedings of International World Wide Web
Conference (WWW 2015
Elastic and inelastic collisions of 6Li in magnetic and optical traps
We use a full coupled channels method to calculate collisional properties of
magnetically or optically trapped ultracold 6Li. The magnetic field dependence
of the s-wave scattering lengths of several mixtures of hyperfine states are
determined, as are the decay rates due to exchange collisions. In one case, we
find Feshbach resonances at B=0.08 T and B=1.98 T. We show that the exact
coupled channels calculation is well approximated over the entire range of
magnetic fields by a simple analytical calculation.Comment: 4 pages revtex including 4 figures, submitted to PR
Electron affinity of Li: A state-selective measurement
We have investigated the threshold of photodetachment of Li^- leading to the
formation of the residual Li atom in the state. The excited residual
atom was selectively photoionized via an intermediate Rydberg state and the
resulting Li^+ ion was detected. A collinear laser-ion beam geometry enabled
both high resolution and sensitivity to be attained. We have demonstrated the
potential of this state selective photodetachment spectroscopic method by
improving the accuracy of Li electron affinity measurements an order of
magnitude. From a fit to the Wigner law in the threshold region, we obtained a
Li electron affinity of 0.618 049(20) eV.Comment: 5 pages,6 figures,22 reference
Theoretical study of the absorption spectra of the lithium dimer
For the lithium dimer we calculate cross sections for absorption of radiation
from the vibrational-rotational levels of the ground X [singlet Sigma g +]
electronic state to the vibrational levels and continua of the excited A
[singlet Sigma u +] and B [singlet Pi u] electronic states. Theoretical and
experimental data are used to characterize the molecular properties taking
advantage of knowledge recently obtained from photoassociation spectroscopy and
ultra-cold atom collision studies. The quantum-mechanical calculations are
carried out for temperatures in the range from 1000 to 2000 K and are compared
with previous calculations and measurements.Comment: 20 pages, revtex, epsf, 6 fig
High-precision calculations of van der Waals coefficients for heteronuclear alkali-metal dimers
Van der Waals coefficients for the heteronuclear alkali-metal dimers of Li,
Na, K, Rb, Cs, and Fr are calculated using relativistic ab initio methods
augmented by high-precision experimental data. We argue that the uncertainties
in the coefficients are unlikely to exceed about 1%.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figs, graphicx.st
Collisionless collective modes of fermions in magnetic traps
We present a Random-Phase-Approximation formalism for the collective spectrum
of two hyperfine species of dilute 40K atoms, magnetically trapped at zero
temperature and subjected to a repulsive s-wave interaction between atoms with
different spin projections. We examine the density-like and the spin-like
oscillation spectra, as well as the transition density profiles created by
external multipolar fields. The zero sound spectrum is always fragmented and
the density and spin channels become clearly distinguishable if the trapping
potentials acting on the species are identical. Although this distinction is
lost when these confining fields are different, at selected excitation
frequencies the transition densities may display the signature of the channel.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figure
Terrorism abroad and migration policies at home
Do security concerns lead to more restrictive immigration policies? In this article, we contend that transnational influences can shape legislative output on immigration at home. Terrorist attacks in a neighboring country affect the salience of security concerns in the focal state, the policy solutions for addressing them, and the political will to implement these changes. In proximity of countries targeted by terrorism, politicians have specific incentives to manipulate immigration regulations following pressure from public opinion, for political opportunism or in anticipation of their neighborsâ policy choices. Using data on 33 OECD countries, we find that proximity to targeted countries leads to the implementation of a more restrictive migration policy regime. The publicâs common perception of a linkage between migration and terrorism thus has important policy consequences
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