Concept for Hydrogen-Impregnated Nanofiber/Photovoltaic Cargo Stowage System

A stowage system was conceived that consists of collapsible, reconfigurable stowage bags, rigid polyethylene or metal inserts, stainless-steel hooks, flexible photovoltaic materials, and webbing curtains that provide power generation, thermal stabilization, impact resistance, work/sleeping surfaces, and radiation protection to spaceflight hardware and crew members. Providing materials to the Lunar surface is costly from both a mass and a volume standpoint. Most of the materials that will be transferred to other planets or celestial bodies will not be returned to the Earth. In developing a plan to reconfigure pressurized logistics modules, it was determined that there was a requirement to be able to utilize the interior volume of these modules and transform them from Logistics Modules to Storage/Living Quarters. Logistics-to-living must re-utilize stowage bags and the structures that support them to construct living spaces, partitions, furniture, protective shelters from solar particle events, galactic cosmic radiation, and workspaces. In addition to reusing these logistics items for development of the interior living spaces, these items could also be reused outside the habitable volumes to build berms that protect assets from secondary blast ejecta, to define pathways, to stabilize high traffic areas, to protect against dust contamination, to secure assets to mobility elements, to provide thermal protection, and to create other types of protective shelters for surface experiments. Unique features of this innovation include hydrogen-impregnated nano fibers encapsulated in a polyethelyne coating that act as radiation shielding, flexible solar collection cells that can be connected together with cells from other bags via the webbing walls to create a solar array, and the ability to reconfigure each bag to satisfy multiple needs

Listeriosis y poblaciones de riesgo

Listeria monocytogenes es una bacteria patógena para el hombre que se transmite principalmente a través de los alimentos. Se trata de un patógeno emergente del cual se notifican cada año más casos a nivel mundial. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la incidencia de listeriosis en EEUU y Europa durante los últimos 15 años con el fin de conocer el impacto de la enfermedad en las poblaciones de riesgo, y determinar los principales grupos de alimentos implicados en la transmisión de este patógeno. La revisión bibliográfica se realizó a través de la base de datos Pubmed, introduciendo los descriptores y operadores boleanos siguientes: “Infections, Listeria” AND “Risk group”, y “Listeriosis” AND “Food”. Los criterios utilizados para seleccionar los artículos fueron: últimos 15 años, datos procedentes de EEUU y Europa, acceso al texto completo en inglés o castellano. Por otro lado, se consultaron páginas webs de Organismos oficiales para recopilar datos epidemiológicos y de alertas alimentarias. Los resultados del análisis mostraron una mayor incidencia de listeriosis en España frente a la media de países europeos, con tasas máximas en 2018 de 1,07 vs 0,47 casos/100.000 habitantes, respectivamente. La población de riesgo con mayor incidencia son las personas mayores de 65 años (69,1% de los casos de listeriosis en 2018). Sin embargo, las personas inmunodeprimidas son las que mayor ratio de letalidad tienen (ratio máximo de 43% en cáncer de páncreas) En el caso de mujeres embarazadas existe mayor probabilidad de supervivencia del feto si la infección ocurre en el 3er trimestre. La mayoría de infecciones ocurren en el hogar (75-98%) y requieren de hospitalizaciones (84,6-99,1%). Los grupos de alimentos con mayor prevalencia de L. monocytogenes son los pescados y carnes y sus derivados Ready-to-eat (RTE) con valores entre 12,1-19,5%. En conclusión, se confirma la tendencia al alza de los casos de listeriosis y se prevé un crecimiento mayor debido al aumento de esperanza de vida (el 65% de los casos ocurren en mayores de 65 años) y al mayor consumo de alimentos RTE. La elevada presencia del patógeno en estos alimentos y su capacidad de multiplicarse en refrigeración, hace necesario reforzar la formación de los manipuladores de alimentos y aportar recomendaciones dietéticas a la población en riesgo para reducir los casos de listeriosis.Listeria monocytogenes is a human pathogenic bacteria, acquiered principally by the ingestion of contaminated food. It is a rising pathogen and every year are more notified cases around the world. The objective of this paper is to analyse the incidence of listeriosis in USA and Europe during the fifteen last years, with the aim of known the impact in the risk groups and to determine the main food group involved in the transmission of this pathogen. The bibliographic revision was done using Pubmed database with the followings descriptors and Mesh terms: “Infections, Listeria” AND “Risk group”, and “Listeriosis” AND “Food”. The inclusive criteria used were: last fifteen years, data from USA and Europe, full text in English and Spanish language. Moreover, it was consulted official webs in order to gather epidemiological and food alerts data. The outcomes of the analysis evidenced that the incidence of listeriosis in Spain is bigger than de mean of European countries, as it is reflected in the reported tases in 2018, 1.07 vs 0.47 cases/100,000, respectively. Elderly risk group has the most incidence with 69.1% of the total cases in 2018. However, immunodeficient people have the most lethality ratio, been pancreas cancer the worst, with a value of 43%. Infection´s pregnant women during the 3er trimester, has 95% of viability for the foetus. Majority of the infections occur at home (75-98%) and require hospitalisation 84.6-99.1% of the cases. The food groups with the higher prevalence of pathogen are fish and meat and their derived ready-to-eat products (RTE), with values between 12.1-19.5%. In conclusion, listeriosis incidence is rising and it seems to being more in the coming years due to the increasing life expectancy (65% cases happen in people older than 65 years) and the increasing consumption of food RTE. Due to the high presence of L. monocytogenes in this products and its ability to grow in refrigeration conditions, make necessary to improve the training of food workers and to provide dietetic´s advices to the risk group, in order to decrease the listeriosis cases

Individual differences in naturalistic learning link negative emotionality to the development of anxiety

Organisms learn from prediction errors (PEs) to predict the future. Laboratory studies using small financial outcomes find that humans use PEs to update expectations and link individual differences in PE-based learning to internalizing disorders. Because of the low-stakes outcomes in most tasks, it is unclear whether PE learning emerges in naturalistic, high-stakes contexts and whether individual differences in PE learning predict psychopathology risk. Using experience sampling to assess 625 college students\u27 expected exam grades, we found evidence of PE-based learning and a general tendency to discount negative PEs, an optimism bias. However, individuals with elevated negative emotionality, a personality trait linked to the development of anxiety disorders, displayed a global pessimism and learning differences that impeded accurate expectations and predicted future anxiety symptoms. A sensitivity to PEs combined with an aversion to negative PEs may result in a pessimistic and inaccurate model of the world, leading to anxiety

La representación del periodismo televisivo en la serie 'Argon' (Netflix, 2017)

Este artículo proporciona un análisis temático de la primera temporada de la serie de ficción surcoreana Argon (Netflix, 2017), que está centrada en el trabajo desarrollado por un programa informativo de una cadena de televisión. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es describir la imagen que se traslada a la audiencia del periodista televisivo en su afán por desvelar la verdad y ser honesto. La investigación concluye que la serie traslada un mensaje realista de la profesión, resaltando los principales problemas a los que se enfrenta el periodista actual y aportando una propuesta ética en el modo de hacer periodismo de investigación

De la Redacción a la (gran) pantalla: roles profesionales del periodismo y su representación en la ficción audiovisual

Desde los inicios del cine mudo, la figura del periodista ha destacado en diversos largometrajes. De forma paralela a la evolución de la industria audiovisual, este personaje se ha adaptado progresivamente a la variedad de géneros que, en la pequeña y en la gran pantalla, retratan su función social. En este sentido, los productos audiovisuales ofrecen la posibilidad de aproximar al espectador como un testigo privilegiado a los escenarios propios de la labor del periodista. Sin embargo, existe una divergencia entre la representación del periodismo en la ficción y la investigación sobre roles profesionales desarrollada en el ámbito científico de la comunicación. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo poner en diálogo las distintas tipologías del personaje periodístico representadas en la ficción audiovisual con la bibliografía académica sobre los roles profesionales. Mediante un análisis comparativo, se definen cuáles son las actitudes profesionales que predominan en cine y televisión. La investigación identifica las ocupaciones laborales más recurrentes en la ficción y el rol profesional que predomina en la representación del periodista.Since the beginning of silent film, the figure of the journalist has highlighted in several feature films. Parallel to the evolution of the audiovisual industry, this character has progressively adapted to the variety of genres that shape his mission in movies and television. Audiovisual products allow the spectator to approach the routine of the journalist, as privileged witnesses. However, there is a divergence between the representation of journalism in fiction and research on professional roles developed in the field of communication. This work aims to put into dialogue the different typologies of the audiovisual fiction character with the exhibition of professional roles. Through a comparative analysis, the professional attitudes prev-alent in film and television are defined. The research identifies the most recurrent occupations in anglo-saxon fiction and the professional role that dominates in the representation of journalist.Desde o início do cinema mudo, a figura do jornalista destacou-se nos filmes de lon-ga-metragem. De forma paralela à evolução da indústria audiovisual, o mesmo adaptou--se progressivamente aos vários gêneros que configuram, na tela pequena e na grande, a sua função social. Dessa forma, os produtos audiovisuais oferecem a possibilidade de aproximar os espectadores como testemunhas privilegiadas do cenários de trabalho do jornalista. No entanto, existe uma divergência entre a representação do periodismo na ficção e a pesquisa sobre os papéis profissionais desenvolvidos no âmbito da comunica-ção. Este trabalho tem como objetivo entrar em diálogo com as diferentes tipologias do personagem jornalista na ficção audiovisual com uma bibliografia dos papéis profissio-nais. Mediante uma análise comparativa, definirá quais são as atitudes profissionais pre-dominantes no cinema e na televisão. A pesquisa identifica as ocupações mais comuns na ficção anglo-saxônica e o papel profissional que predomina na representação do jornalista

Anti-Apoptotic Machinery Protects the Necrotrophic Fungus Botrytis cinerea from Host-Induced Apoptotic-Like Cell Death during Plant Infection

Necrotrophic fungi are unable to occupy living plant cells. How such pathogens survive first contact with living host tissue and initiate infection is therefore unclear. Here, we show that the necrotrophic grey mold fungus Botrytis cinerea undergoes massive apoptotic-like programmed cell death (PCD) following germination on the host plant. Manipulation of an anti-apoptotic gene BcBIR1 modified fungal response to PCD-inducing conditions. As a consequence, strains with reduced sensitivity to PCD were hyper virulent, while strains in which PCD was over-stimulated showed reduced pathogenicity. Similarly, reduced levels of PCD in the fungus were recorded following infection of Arabidopsis mutants that show enhanced susceptibility to B. cinerea. When considered together, these results suggest that Botrytis PCD machinery is targeted by plant defense molecules, and that the fungal anti-apoptotic machinery is essential for overcoming this host-induced PCD and hence, for establishment of infection. As such, fungal PCD machinery represents a novel target for fungicides and antifungal drugs

Caspase Dependent Programmed Cell Death in Developing Embryos: A Potential Target for Therapeutic Intervention against Pathogenic Nematodes

Pathogenic nematodes currently infect billions of people around the world and pose serious challenges to the economic welfare and public health in most developing countries. At present, limitations of existing therapies warrant identification of new anti-parasitic drugs/drug targets to effectively treat and control neglected tropical diseases [NTD] caused by nematode pathogens. The current gold standard for measuring/screening drug effectiveness against most helminth parasites is in-vitro assessment of motility of parasites/larvae and larval development assays which fails to provide any conclusive idea about the precise mechanism of death of parasitic worms or their larval stages. Given the huge load of parasites or their larval stages in an infected host, a compound which shows promise in in-vitro/motility screening assays but induces necrotic death in parasites/larvae will be of limited use, as it may elicit severe inflammatory response in infected hosts. In this context, the present study, which demonstrates induction of apoptotic death in developing embryos of a pathogenic nematode as a potential drug target for the first time, and provides scope for high throughput screening of pharmacological agents for their apoptogenicity against nematode embryos, is a step forward to develop novel anti-parasitic measures to challenge NTD caused by nematode pathogens

Detailed stratified GWAS analysis for severe COVID-19 in four European populations

Given the highly variable clinical phenotype of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a deeper analysis of the host genetic contribution to severe COVID-19 is important to improve our understanding of underlying disease mechanisms. Here, we describe an extended genome-wide association meta-analysis of a well-characterized cohort of 3255 COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure and 12 488 population controls from Italy, Spain, Norway and Germany/Austria, including stratified analyses based on age, sex and disease severity, as well as targeted analyses of chromosome Y haplotypes, the human leukocyte antigen region and the SARS-CoV-2 peptidome. By inversion imputation, we traced a reported association at 17q21.31 to a ~0.9-Mb inversion polymorphism that creates two highly differentiated haplotypes and characterized the potential effects of the inversion in detail. Our data, together with the 5th release of summary statistics from the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative including non-Caucasian individuals, also identified a new locus at 19q13.33, including NAPSA, a gene which is expressed primarily in alveolar cells responsible for gas exchange in the lung.S.E.H. and C.A.S. partially supported genotyping through a philanthropic donation. A.F. and D.E. were supported by a grant from the German Federal Ministry of Education and COVID-19 grant Research (BMBF; ID:01KI20197); A.F., D.E. and F.D. were supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Cluster of Excellence ‘Precision Medicine in Chronic Inflammation’ (EXC2167). D.E. was supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) within the framework of the Computational Life Sciences funding concept (CompLS grant 031L0165). D.E., K.B. and S.B. acknowledge the Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF14CC0001 and NNF17OC0027594). T.L.L., A.T. and O.Ö. were funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation), project numbers 279645989; 433116033; 437857095. M.W. and H.E. are supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) through the Research Training Group 1743, ‘Genes, Environment and Inflammation’. L.V. received funding from: Ricerca Finalizzata Ministero della Salute (RF-2016-02364358), Italian Ministry of Health ‘CV PREVITAL’—strategie di prevenzione primaria cardiovascolare primaria nella popolazione italiana; The European Union (EU) Programme Horizon 2020 (under grant agreement No. 777377) for the project LITMUS- and for the project ‘REVEAL’; Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda ‘Ricerca corrente’, Fondazione Sviluppo Ca’ Granda ‘Liver-BIBLE’ (PR-0391), Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda ‘5permille’ ‘COVID-19 Biobank’ (RC100017A). A.B. was supported by a grant from Fondazione Cariplo to Fondazione Tettamanti: ‘Bio-banking of Covid-19 patient samples to support national and international research (Covid-Bank). This research was partly funded by an MIUR grant to the Department of Medical Sciences, under the program ‘Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2018–2022’. This study makes use of data generated by the GCAT-Genomes for Life. Cohort study of the Genomes of Catalonia, Fundació IGTP (The Institute for Health Science Research Germans Trias i Pujol) IGTP is part of the CERCA Program/Generalitat de Catalunya. GCAT is supported by Acción de Dinamización del ISCIII-MINECO and the Ministry of Health of the Generalitat of Catalunya (ADE 10/00026); the Agència de Gestió d’Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca (AGAUR) (2017-SGR 529). M.M. received research funding from grant PI19/00335 Acción Estratégica en Salud, integrated in the Spanish National RDI Plan and financed by ISCIII-Subdirección General de Evaluación and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (European Regional Development Fund (FEDER)-Una manera de hacer Europa’). B.C. is supported by national grants PI18/01512. X.F. is supported by the VEIS project (001-P-001647) (co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), ‘A way to build Europe’). Additional data included in this study were obtained in part by the COVICAT Study Group (Cohort Covid de Catalunya) supported by IsGlobal and IGTP, European Institute of Innovation & Technology (EIT), a body of the European Union, COVID-19 Rapid Response activity 73A and SR20-01024 La Caixa Foundation. A.J. and S.M. were supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (grant numbers: PSE-010000-2006-6 and IPT-010000-2010-36). A.J. was also supported by national grant PI17/00019 from the Acción Estratégica en Salud (ISCIII) and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER). The Basque Biobank, a hospital-related platform that also involves all Osakidetza health centres, the Basque government’s Department of Health and Onkologikoa, is operated by the Basque Foundation for Health Innovation and Research-BIOEF. M.C. received Grants BFU2016-77244-R and PID2019-107836RB-I00 funded by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI, Spain) and the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER, EU). M.R.G., J.A.H., R.G.D. and D.M.M. are supported by the ‘Spanish Ministry of Economy, Innovation and Competition, the Instituto de Salud Carlos III’ (PI19/01404, PI16/01842, PI19/00589, PI17/00535 and GLD19/00100) and by the Andalussian government (Proyectos Estratégicos-Fondos Feder PE-0451-2018, COVID-Premed, COVID GWAs). The position held by Itziar de Rojas Salarich is funded by grant FI20/00215, PFIS Contratos Predoctorales de Formación en Investigación en Salud. Enrique Calderón’s team is supported by CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), ‘Instituto de Salud Carlos III’. J.C.H. reports grants from Research Council of Norway grant no 312780 during the conduct of the study. E.S. reports grants from Research Council of Norway grant no. 312769. The BioMaterialBank Nord is supported by the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Airway Research Center North (ARCN). The BioMaterialBank Nord is member of popgen 2.0 network (P2N). P.K. Bergisch Gladbach, Germany and the Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. He is supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). O.A.C. is supported by the German Federal Ministry of Research and Education and is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy—CECAD, EXC 2030–390661388. The COMRI cohort is funded by Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany. This work was supported by grants of the Rolf M. Schwiete Stiftung, the Saarland University, BMBF and The States of Saarland and Lower Saxony. K.U.L. is supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG, LU-1944/3-1). Genotyping for the BoSCO study is funded by the Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Bonn. F.H. was supported by the Bavarian State Ministry for Science and Arts. Part of the genotyping was supported by a grant to A.R. from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF, grant: 01ED1619A, European Alzheimer DNA BioBank, EADB) within the context of the EU Joint Programme—Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND). Additional funding was derived from the German Research Foundation (DFG) grant: RA 1971/6-1 to A.R. P.R. is supported by the DFG (CCGA Sequencing Centre and DFG ExC2167 PMI and by SH state funds for COVID19 research). F.T. is supported by the Clinician Scientist Program of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Cluster of Excellence ‘Precision Medicine in Chronic Inflammation’ (EXC2167). C.L. and J.H. are supported by the German Center for Infection Research (DZIF). T.B., M.M.B., O.W. und A.H. are supported by the Stiftung Universitätsmedizin Essen. M.A.-H. was supported by Juan de la Cierva Incorporacion program, grant IJC2018-035131-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. E.C.S. is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG; SCHU 2419/2-1).Peer reviewe