London, British Library, Cotton Nero D. ii: Rochester Chronicles, Battle Abbey Chronicles, etc.

205. London, British Library, Cotton Nero D. ii Rochester Chronicles, Battle Abbey Crhonicles, etc. (with B. L. Cotton Tiberius B.v [229]) [Ker 193] HISTORY: A miscellaneous compilation of manuscripts, including a collection of chronicles written mainly at Rochester in the early 14c, chivalric texts in French of the early 15c (item 23 relates to an event that is dated 25 December 1400 by Gillmeister 1990: 184), and a paper manuscript of the 16c (Part VII). Marginal notes in the hand of Polydore Vergil (ca. 1470-1555) in Part 1 (Luard 1890: xxvii). Used by Matthew Parker for his edition of the "Flores Historiarum" (London: Thomas Marshe, 1570). This manuscript is included in the series because the fifth item (ff 238-241), the Battle Abbey Chronicles of c. 1120, relates to Cotton Tiberius B.v, part I [229]. The Tiberius MS, written in the first half of the 11c at either Winchester or Christ Church, Canterbury, was at Battle Abbey by the 12c, where these chronicles were added. The chronicles are laid out up to 1220, with entries occurring up to 1206. One scribe was responsible for the work up to 1120. Lord Lumley owned the Tiberius MS in the 16-17c and it appears under item no. 1295 in his 1609 catalog Qayne and Johnson 1956: 162). At this time, the Battle Abbey Chronicles appeared at the begfnning of Tiberius and this was "presumably" the layout of the manuscript in the Middle Ages (McGurk et al. 1983: 28)

London, British Library, Cotton Tiberius B.v., Part I: Computistica, Historical Texts, "Wonders of the East," etc.

229. London, British Library, Cotton Tiberius B.v., Part I Computistica, Historical Texts, "Wonders of the East," etc. (with London, BL, Cotton Nero D ii [205]; Cambridge, University Library Kk.1.24 [102] + BL Sloane 1044, f. 2 [305]) [Ker 193, 194; Gneuss 373,374; Lowe 2.190 (f. 75), Lowe 2.139 (f. 76)] HISTORY: A deluxe illuminated compilation of geographic, scientific, historical, and ecclesiastical texts, most in Latin but some in OE, copied in the first half of the 11c in southern England, possibly at Winchester (cf. [S]UUIÐHUN, f. 21r/16d) or Christ Church, Canterbury (Dumville 1976: 67). By the 12c it was at Battle Abbey, where were added the annals, written ca. 1119-1206, once part of this manuscript, which are now in Cotton Nero D.ii (ff. 238-241) [205] (see below). Owned in the 17c by Lord Lumley, appearing as item 1295 in his catalog of 1609 Qayne ap.d Johnson 1956: 162). The order of the leaves has drastically changed since Lumley's day, whose catalogue has the order: four leaves now in Cotton Nero D. ii (ff. 238-241), Tiberius ff 78- 88, 2-54, 57-73, 55, 56, 77. A copy ofRabanus Maurus, "De laude crucis cum pulchris variarum crucium formis" followed f. 88 and is now missing, lost before the manuscript was described for Cotton. The contents, more or less corresponding to the present contents and order, are listed in the 1621 Cotton catalogue (BL, Harley 6018, ff. 84-85, no. 178); the inscription 'Robertus Cotton Bruceus 1598' is on f. 2r. Cotton added two leaves, f. 74 and 76, excised from the 8c English Gospel Book, C.U .L. Kk.1.24 [102], probably from Ely (Ker, Cat. 36). The missing upper part of f. 76 is now British Library Sloane 1044, f. 2 [305]. Cotton also added a leaf, f. 75, from an otherwise unknown 8c English Gospel, probably from Exeter (= Ker no. 194, Gneuss no. 3 7 4, Lowe 2.190). These three added leaves bear later OE documents. The manuscript was damaged in the Ashburnham House fire of 1731; rebound and the leaves mounted in paper frames in 1843 (McGurk et al. 1983: 27)

An aviation safety risk model to close the gap between management and operational safety staff

The thesis probes the safety risk-management component of the complex Commercial Air Transport (CAT) industry. It argues that adoption of the ICAO (2018b) framework failed to address the challenges the industry faces, and suggests that the continuous reduction of risk exposure observed in the last couple of decades has been negatively impacted as a result. The document begins by outlining a conceptual framework based on a continuous cycle – safety boundaries, risk tools, safety protection, safety benchmarking, and safety culture – that represents a theoretical safety model as an alternative to the current risk-management vision. The research into these topics is based on an interpretivist stance, whereby 26 semi-structured interviews were performed across different segments within the CAT industry. The healthcare sector was also included in the research to enable benchmarking analysis. Opposed to the commonly established knowledge, the thesis argues that the industry defines and measures the acceptable risk exposure of each organization in a degraded fashion and, in doing this, restricts individual airlines’ contributions to industry safety figures. The literature around the subject restricts its research scope to specific topics and fails to address risk management holistically. Compounding the narrowness of the scope, safety-related linear risk models have failed to integrate concurrent events with undesirable states. In contrast, the models based on complexity and systems thinking theory develop a higher conceptual abstraction, but present challenges when airlines try to implement them. It is suggested that in failing to harness the explanatory power provided by clues concerning safety, an exposure uncertainty is developed, which, as this has the potential to produce a gap between management and operational staff, creates a barrier to investments in safety. Moreover, while the extant research and literature identifies safety culture as an important factor in the robustness of commercial aviation risk management, its explanatory power is weak – models fail to explain their impact on safety performance – that is, they fail in terms of operationalizing the concept. As a significant innovative approach to practice and consequently to the theory that supports it, the current research suggests a new risk model that transforms statistical data into meaningful and easily understandable safety figures. In contrast, the risk model put forward here conveys a proactive perspective when dealing with risk exposure and the drifting of safety systems

Preferential responses to faces in superior temporal and medial prefrontal cortex in three-year-old children

Perceiving faces and understanding emotions are key components of human social cognition. Prior research with adults and infants suggests that these social cognitive functions are supported by superior temporal cortex (STC) and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC). We used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to characterize functional responses in these cortical regions to faces in early childhood. Three-year-old children (n = 88, M(SD) = 3.15(.16) years) passively viewed faces that varied in emotional content and valence (happy, angry, fearful, neutral) and, for fearful and angry faces, intensity (100%, 40%), while undergoing fNIRS. Bilateral STC and MPFC showed greater oxygenated hemoglobin concentration values to all faces relative to objects. MPFC additionally responded preferentially to happy faces relative to neutral faces. We did not detect preferential responses to angry or fearful faces, or overall differences in response magnitude by emotional valence (100% happy vs. fearful and angry) or intensity (100% vs. 40% fearful and angry). In exploratory analyses, preferential responses to faces in MPFC were not robustly correlated with performance on tasks of early social cognition. These results link and extend adult and infant research on functional responses to faces in STC and MPFC and contribute to the characterization of the neural correlates of early social cognition

A Multifunctional Integrated Circuit Router for Body Area Network Wearable Systems

A multifunctional router IC to be included in the nodes of a wearable body sensor network is described and evaluated. The router targets different application scenarios, especially those including tens of sensors, embedded into textile materials and with high data-rate communication demands. The router IC supports two different functionality sets, one for sensor nodes and another for the base node, both based on the same circuit module. The nodes are connected to each other by means of woven thick conductive yarns forming a mesh topology with the base node at the center. From the standpoint of the network, each sensor node is a four port router capable of handling packets from destination nodes to the base node, with sufficient redundant paths. The adopted hybrid circuit and packet switching scheme significantly improve network performance in terms of end-to-end delay, throughput and power consumption. The IC also implements a highly precise, sub-microsecond one-way time synchronization protocol which is used for time stamping the acquired data. The communication module was implemented in a 4-metal, 0.35 μm CMOS technology. The maximum data rate of the system is 35 Mbps while supporting up to 250 sensors, which exceeds current BAN applications scenarios.This work was supported in part by the Fundação para a Ciéncia e a Tecnologia (FCT) (Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology) under Project PROLIMB PTDC/EEAELC/103683/2008 and through the Ph.D. Grant SFRH/BD/75324/2010, and in part by the CREaTION, FCT/MEC through national funds and co-funded by the FEDER-PT2020 partnership agreement under Project UIDB/EEA/50008/2020, Project CONQUEST (CMU/ECE/030/2017), Project COST CA15104, and ORCIP. (Corresponding author: Fardin Derogarian Miyandoab.)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

GRADE Evidence to Decision (EtD) frameworks : A systematic and transparent approach to making well-informed healthcare choices. 1. Introduction

Funding: Work on this article has been partially funded by the European Commission FP7 Program (grant agreement 258583) as part of the DECIDE project. Sole responsibility lies with the authors; the European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Systems-wide RNAi analysis of CASP8AP2/FLASH shows transcriptional deregulation of the replication-dependent histone genes and extensive effects on the transcriptome of colorectal cancer cells

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Colorectal carcinomas (CRC) carry massive genetic and transcriptional alterations that influence multiple cellular pathways. The study of proteins whose loss-of-function (LOF) alters the growth of CRC cells can be used to further understand the cellular processes cancer cells depend upon for survival.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A small-scale RNAi screen of ~400 genes conducted in SW480 CRC cells identified several candidate genes as required for the viability of CRC cells, most prominently <it>CASP8AP2</it>/<it>FLASH</it>. To understand the function of this gene in maintaining the viability of CRC cells in an unbiased manner, we generated gene specific expression profiles following RNAi. Silencing of <it>CASP8AP2</it>/<it>FLASH </it>resulted in altered expression of over 2500 genes enriched for genes associated with cellular growth and proliferation. Loss of CASP8AP2/FLASH function was significantly associated with altered transcription of the genes encoding the replication-dependent histone proteins as a result of the expression of the non-canonical polyA variants of these transcripts. Silencing of <it>CASP8AP2</it>/<it>FLASH </it>also mediated enrichment of changes in the expression of targets of the NFκB and MYC transcription factors. These findings were confirmed by whole transcriptome analysis of <it>CASP8AP2</it>/<it>FLASH </it>silenced cells at multiple time points. Finally, we identified and validated that CASP8AP2/FLASH LOF increases the expression of neurofilament heavy polypeptide (NEFH), a protein recently linked to regulation of the AKT1/ß-catenin pathway.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>We have used unbiased RNAi based approaches to identify and characterize the function of CASP8AP2/FLASH, a protein not previously reported as required for cell survival. This study further defines the role CASP8AP2/FLASH plays in the regulating expression of the replication-dependent histones and shows that its LOF results in broad and reproducible effects on the transcriptome of colorectal cancer cells including the induction of expression of the recently described tumor suppressor gene <it>NEFH</it>.</p

Can the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme check‐lists (CASP) be used alongside GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) to improve transparency and decision‐making?

Aims: The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation Working Group Guidance is widely used to increase the transparency by which evidence is turned into recommendations. However, although the process is clearly defined, it may be difficult to use in nursing education and practice because it uses separate terminology and tools to those sometimes used in education, such as those devised by the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. This paper aims to show how these tools can be used together. Design: Discussion paper. Data Sources: Documentation from the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation Working Group and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme, as of 14 June 2019. Implications for Nursing: All of the items from the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme check‐list can be incorporated into GRADE which might allow for wider use of its principles in nursing education and practice. Some additions are required however to complete the outcome‐level assessment, these being the consistency of the results and possible publication bias. More detail on the extent to which the benefits are worth any harms and costs and different types of inconsistency (heterogeneity) would also be useful. This approach is consistent with the Group’s Criteria for determining whether the GRADE approach was used. Conclusion: The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool can be used with minor modification to in a GRADE‐like manner. This would allow for GRADE to be taught and used in nursing education and transferred to practice

Foetal neural progenitors contribute to postnatal circuits formation ex vivo: an electrophysiological investigation

Neuronal progenitor cells (NPC) play an essential role in homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS). Considering their ability to differentiate into specific lineages, their manipulation and control could have a major therapeutic impact for those CNS injuries or degenerative diseases characterized by neuronal cell loss. In this work, we established an in vitro co-culture and tested the ability of foetal NPC (fNPC) to integrate among post-mitotic hippocampal neurons and contribute to the electrical activity of the resulting networks. We performed extracellular electrophysiological recordings of the activity of neuronal networks and compared the properties of spontaneous spiking in hippocampal control cultures (HCC), fNPC, and mixed circuitries ex vivo. We further employed patch-clamp intracellular recordings to examine single-cell excitability. We report of the capability of fNPC to mature when combined to hippocampal neurons, shaping the profile of network activity, a result suggestive of newly formed connectivity ex vivo