De retibus socialibus et legibus momenti

Online Social Networks (OSNs) are a cutting edge topic. Almost everybody --users, marketers, brands, companies, and researchers-- is approaching OSNs to better understand them and take advantage of their benefits. Maybe one of the key concepts underlying OSNs is that of influence which is highly related, although not entirely identical, to those of popularity and centrality. Influence is, according to Merriam-Webster, "the capacity of causing an effect in indirect or intangible ways". Hence, in the context of OSNs, it has been proposed to analyze the clicks received by promoted URLs in order to check for any positive correlation between the number of visits and different "influence" scores. Such an evaluation methodology is used in this paper to compare a number of those techniques with a new method firstly described here. That new method is a simple and rather elegant solution which tackles with influence in OSNs by applying a physical metaphor.Comment: Changes made for third revision: Brief description of the dataset employed added to Introduction. Minor changes to the description of preparation of the bit.ly datasets. Minor changes to the captions of Tables 1 and 3. Brief addition in the Conclusions section (future line of work added). Added references 16 and 18. Some typos and grammar polishe

Numerical simulation of centrifugal pumps

The power computers increase and the specific calculation software development have made possible, nowadays, the numerical simulation of flow and energy transfer inside the turbomachinery. To teach Fluid Mechanics is not easy not only for the professors but also for the students because the theoretical part must be complemented with a technical part where students can see the phenomena. However, specially in hydraulic turbomachinery, we canít see the phenomena except if we have a specific material, for example a PIV. Even if we would have this material, the access to specific parts of turbomachinery is not possible due to its constructive layout. The use of numerical simulation tools allows us to obtain data in inaccessible positions for the experimentation, as well as the study of unusual or dangerous performances. With the numerical simulation, the pressure fluctuation at any point of the pump can be easily obtained. Other important results are the radial forces on the impeller, which have a significant variation with the working points. One of the advantages of this kind of modelling is the ease to carry out changes in the geometry, parametric studies and analysis of anomalous operation conditions

Arrecifes artificiales: estructuras llenas de vida

The increase of infraction on the national fisheries arts regulations and overfishing on natural fisheries are some of the main problems of the Spanish shoreline. Civil engineering with other disciplines can support some solutions trough the creation of artificial reefs. A review of the methodology for the construction of artificial reefs is presented in this paper.La sobrexplotación de los recursos pesqueros naturales, la escasez de caladeros cercanos a nuestras costas, el incumplimiento reiterado de las normativas reguladoras de la pesca de arrastre, etc., son algunos de los principales problemas de las costas españolas. La ingeniería civil, contribuye con sus conocimientos y dentro de un equipo interdisciplinar, al restablecimiento, si no total en parte, del equilibrio natural de nuestros fondos marinos, mediante la creación de arrecifes artificiales. Se describen la metodología utilizada para el diseño de proyectos de arrecifes artificiales, así como la descripción, ejecución de las obras y los cálculos de las estructuras

Tumores en ganado ovino sacrificado en matadero

Trabajo presentado al: XL Congreso Nacional y el XVI Congreso Internacional de la Sociedad Española de Ovinotecnia y Caprinotecnia. (Castellón de la Plana, España, 16-18 septiembre 2015).Peer Reviewe

Strategising template-guided needle placement for MR-targeted prostate biopsy

Clinically significant prostate cancer has a better chance to be sampled during ultrasound-guided biopsy procedures, if suspected lesions found in pre-operative magnetic resonance (MR) images are used as targets. However, the diagnostic accuracy of the biopsy procedure is limited by the operator-dependent skills and experience in sampling the targets, a sequential decision making process that involves navigating an ultrasound probe and placing a series of sampling needles for potentially multiple targets. This work aims to learn a reinforcement learning (RL) policy that optimises the actions of continuous positioning of 2D ultrasound views and biopsy needles with respect to a guiding template, such that the MR targets can be sampled efficiently and sufficiently. We first formulate the task as a Markov decision process (MDP) and construct an environment that allows the targeting actions to be performed virtually for individual patients, based on their anatomy and lesions derived from MR images. A patient-specific policy can thus be optimised, before each biopsy procedure, by rewarding positive sampling in the MDP environment. Experiment results from fifty four prostate cancer patients show that the proposed RL-learned policies obtained a mean hit rate of 93% and an average cancer core length of 11 mm, which compared favourably to two alternative baseline strategies designed by humans, without hand-engineered rewards that directly maximise these clinically relevant metrics. Perhaps more interestingly, it is found that the RL agents learned strategies that were adaptive to the lesion size, where spread of the needles was prioritised for smaller lesions. Such a strategy has not been previously reported or commonly adopted in clinical practice, but led to an overall superior targeting performance when compared with intuitively designed strategies.Comment: Paper submitted and accepted to CaPTion (Cancer Prevention through early detecTion) @ MICCAI 2022 Worksho

Presencia de infección y lesiones mínimas en mama y otros tejidos en ovinos afectados de Maedi-Visna

5 páginas, 2 tablas.--Trabajo presentado al: XL Congreso Nacional y el XVI Congreso Internacional de la Sociedad Española de Ovinotecnia y Caprinotecnia. (Castellón de la Plana, España, 16-18 septiembre 2015).Este trabajo ha sido subvencionado por los proyectos LE361A12-1 y LE314U14 de la Junta de Castilla y León y por una beca FPU del Ministerio de Educación.Peer Reviewe

Sistem Rekomendasi Penerima Zakat Untuk Mustahiq Dengan Metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW)

Zakat in Islam is a cleanser from wealth. Apart from cleansing from wealth, zakat also eases the burden of mustahiq. In Indonesia, which is predominantly Muslim, the problem of zakat is an important matter to maximize its management which will later be useful for overcoming poverty problems. Jami Nurul Hikmah Mosque is a religious and social institution located in Tangerang City. The problem that is often encountered is the method in selecting mustahiq which is still using the manual method so that it often causes problems such as the length of the selection process and the occurrence of miscalculations causing inaccurate mustahiq selection results. In addition, the unavailability of access to information to see mustahiq who have entered the list of zakat recipients has resulted in mustahiq who have received zakat to receive assistance more than once a year. Assessment criteria in determining zakat recipient recommendations for mustahiq include looking at the status of residence, income, employment status, number of dependents, and family vehicle. To solve this problem, a recommendation system was built that could help zakat managers in distributing zakat to zakat recipients. The Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method is used to calculate the value of the criteria to produce zakat recipient recommendations. With this system, zakat managers can provide recommendations for potential zakat recipients quickly and accurately.Zakat dalam agama Islam merupakan pembersih dari harta kekayaan. Selain membersihkan dari harta kekayaan, zakat juga meringankan beban mustahiq. Di Indonesia yang mayoritas pemeluk agama Islam, masalah zakat menjadi hal yang penting untuk dimaksimalkan pengelolaannya yang nantinya berguna untuk mengatasi masalah kemiskinan. Masjid Jami Nurul Hikmah merupakan lembaga keagamaan dan sosial yang berada di Kota Tangerang. Masalah yang sering dijumpai pada Masjid Jami Nurul Hikmah adalah cara dalam pemilihan mustahiq yang masih menggunakan cara manual sehingga sering menimbulkan masalah seperti lamanya proses pemilihan dan terjadinya salah hitung sehingga menimbulkan kurang akuratnya hasil seleksi mustahiq. Selain itu, tidak tersedianya akses informasi untu melihat mustahiq yang telah masuk kedalam daftar penerima zakat, mengakibatkan mustahiq yang sudah menerima zakat dapat menerima bantuan lebih dari satu kali dalam setahun. Kriteria penilaian dalam penentuan rekomendasi penerima zakat untuk mustahiq antara lain dengan melihat status tempat tinggal, penghasilan, status pekerjaan, jumlah tanggungan, dan kendaraan keluarga. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, dibangun sebuah sistem pemberi rekomendasi yang dapat membantu pengelola zakat dalam penyaluran kepada penerima zakat. Metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) digunakan untuk menghitung nilai kriteria untuk menghasilkan rekomendasi penerima zakat. Dengan adanya sistem ini, pengelola zakat dapat member rekomendasi calon penerima zakat secara cepat dan akurat. Kata kunci: Zakat, Rekomendasi , Sistem, Mustahi

Mortality Causes in Free-Ranging Eurasian Brown Bears (Ursus arctos arctos) in Spain 1998–2018

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).[EN] This work summarizes the mortality cases of twenty-five free-ranging Eurasian wild brown bears (Ursus arctos arctos) from the Cantabrian mountain range submitted for necropsy in Asturias and Castilla y León (northwestern Spain) from 1998 to 2018. Mortality cases were classified both caused by (i) "non-human intervention" or "human intervention” causes and based on (ii) "non-infectious" or "infectious" etiology. In four cases (16%) it was not possible to determine the cause of death due to the inadequate preservation of collected specimens or insufficient tissue availability. Based on "non-human intervention" or "human intervention” causes, fourteen of the 21 (66.7%) brown bears died as a consequence of "non-human intervention" due to traumatic lesions (fights, unknown traumas or infanticide), infectious canine hepatitis, neoplasia or mushroom poisoning. In contrast, seven (33.3%) brown bears died by “human intervention” due to illegal hunting (shooting or snare), handling (during transit in an attempt to reintroduce a bear back into the wild) or strychnine poisoning. Based on "non-infectious" or "infectious" etiology, twelve of the 21 (57.1%) brown bears died due to "non-infectious” causes, namely traumatic lesions such as shooting, snare, fighting or infanticide, handling, strychnine poisoning, mushroom poisoning or neoplasia. The remaining nine (42.9%) animals died due to “infectious” diseases which included gangrenous myositis, infectious canine hepatitis or septicemia. In six of those cases traumatic lesions caused by non-human or human activities were complicated with bacterial infection (clostridiosis and septicemia) which finally caused the death of those animals. Additionally, exertional myopathy was observed in the handled animal and in one bear found in a snare. In a free-ranging population of Eurasian brown bear from the Cantabrian mountain range, main causes of death are attributed to non-human related traumatic lesions and infectious diseases (primary developed such as infectious canine hepatitis or secondary developed such as clostridiosis or septicemia) which is in contrast to previously reported data for other bear populations. These data are valuable and may help in the conservation and management of this recovering population.SIAuthors thank colleagues from SERIDA, University of León, Servicios del Principado de Asturias (SERPA), Servicio de Espacios Protegidos y Conservación de la Naturaleza, Dirección General de Biodiversidad from Viceconsejería de Medio Ambiente del Principado de Asturias and Consejería de Fomento y Medio Ambiente de la Junta de Castilla y Léon for the invaluable collaboration. We thank Kevin P. Dalton for critically reviewing the manuscript.This work was partially supported by the Principado de Asturias, PCTI 2018–220 (GRUPIN: IDI2018-000237 and FEDER)