Propuesta de un sistema de informatización de la gestión de colecciones paleontológicas

This document was first presented to and distributed through the attendants to a Working Session of the V Jornadas de Paleontología (Valencia, november 1989) and has remained unpublished since then. By the end of 1991 a standard basic inventory card for the informatic management of palaeontological collections in Spain (Gallemí et al., 1993) was established. As this management system employs many of the codes originally stated in the former document, its publication becomes necessary and so we do in a thorough and –consequently– non updated way. Key words: Palaeontology, Collections, Management, Informatics, Spain.El presente documento fue presentado y distribuido a los participantes en una Sesión de Trabajo de las V Jornadas de Paleontología (Valencia, noviembre 1989), permaneciendo inédito desde entonces. A finales de 1991 se homologó en España una ficha básica de inventario para la gestión informática de colecciones paleontológicas (Gallemí et al., 1993). Al utilizar dicho sistema de gestión buena parte de los códigos postulados originalmente en aquel documento, se ha estimado conveniente la publicación del mismo que se hace de manera íntegra y –consecuentemente– no actualizada. Palabras clave: Paleontología, Colecciones, Gestión, Informática, España

Constraints on the Abundance of PBHs from X-ray Quasar Microlensing Observations: Substellar to Planetary Mass Range

We use X-ray observations of quasar microlensing (sensitive to smaller compact objects than in the optical) to study the possible presence of a population of low mass black holes (from $\sim$ $10^{-3}M_{\odot}$ to $10^{-1}M_{\odot}$) in lens galaxies. We compare these observations with microlensing magnification simulations of a mixed population of stars and black holes (BHs) plus a smooth matter component. We estimate the individual mass fractions of both, stars and BHs, for three different BH masses in the range of substellar to planetary masses. Our Bayesian analysis indicates that the contribution of BHs is negligible in the substellar mass range but that a population of BHs of planetary mass (M $\lesssim$ $10^{-3}M_{\odot}$) could pass unnoticed to X-ray microlensing. We provide new upper limits to the contribution of BHs to the fraction of dark matter based on both, the quasar microlensing data in the X-ray band, and our previous estimates in the optical of intermediate-mass BHs with an additional upper limit at $M=3M_{\odot}$.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure

Comunidad helmintiana de Apodemus sylvaticus (Rodentia, Muridae) en la Sierra de Gredos (España)

The Spanish mountain range of Gredos was included in the studies conducted on the Iberian peninsula to investigate helminth fauna of small mammals. The helminth community of the wood mouse, Apodemus sylvaticus (Rodentia, Muridae), was analysed. Qualitatively, 13 helminth species were detected: Plagiorchis sp. I and Plagiorchis sp. II (Trematoda); Taenia parva larvae, T. martis larvae, T. taeniaeformis larvae, Rodentolepis straminea and R. fraterna (Cestoda); and Trichuris muris, Heligmosomoides polygyrus, Syphacia stroma, S. frederici, Aspiculuris tetraptera and Rictularia proni (Nematoda). Quantitatively, the highest prevalence (65.0%) and the mean abundance (36.9%) of H. polygyrus stand out. In comparison with the other mountain ranges studied, analysis of the global results demonstrates that the helminth fauna of the host species studied is diverse despite the adverse climatic conditions. This could be related to both the particular ecological characteristics and the appropriate state of preservation of this ecosystem.Como parte de los estudios helmintofaunísiticos que sobre pequeños mamíferos se están llevando a cabo en la península ibérica, la sierra española de Gredos fue estudiada. La comunidad helmintiana del ratón de campo, Apdoemus sylvaticus (Rodentia, Muridae), fue analizada. Cualitativamente, 13 especies de helmintos fueron detectadas: Plagiorchis sp. I y Plagiorchis sp. II (Trematoda); Taenia parva larvae, T. martis larvae, T. taeniaeformis larvae, Rodentolepis straminea y R. fraterna (Cestoda); y Trichuris muris, Heligmosomoides polygyrus, Syphacia stroma, S. frederici, Aspiculuris tetraptera y Rictularia proni (Nematoda). Cuantitativamente, destaca la mayor prevalencia (65,0%) y abundancia media (36,9%) de H. polygyrus. El análisis de los resultados globales permite evidenciar, en comparación con otras sierras estudiadas, a pesar de las adversas condiciones climáticas, la existencia de una helmintofauna diversa de la especie hospedadora estudiada. Este hecho podría estar relacionado tanto con las particulares características ecológicas como con el adecuado estado de conservación de este ecosistema

A Note on Predefined-Time Stability

This note presents a new characterization for predefined-time-stable systems based on Lyapunov stability. In contrast to the previous results in predefined-time stability, the proposed characterization allows the construction of predefined-time stabilizing controllers with polynomial terms instead of exponential ones, removing the exponential nature hypothesis of predefined-time-stable systems. Moreover, the existing Lyapunov characterization of predefined-time stability is shown to be a consequence of the new theorem presented in this paper. Finally, the proposed approach is used for the construction of robust predefined-time stabilizing controllers for first-order systems. A simulation example shows the feasibility of the proposed methods.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologí

A Class of Continuous Predefined-Time Controllers

A class of continuous predefined-time controllers is designed in this paper. The control structure is built upon a class of comparison functions, whose features allow to analyze the predefined-time convergence property in the Lyapunov framework. Rather than providing exact predefined-time convergence to the equilibrium point, the proposed controller guarantees uniform predefined-time ultimate predefined boundedness of the solutions, i.e., the capability of setting an arbitrarily desired ultimate bound and an arbitrarily desired convergence time, through an appropriate selection of the controller parameters. Moreover, for a class of second-order systems, an additional analysis is carried out to show finite-gain input-output stability. The reliability of the proposed scheme is highlighted through numerical simulations in a representative example.ITESO, A.C

Definitive host influences the proteomic profile of excretory/secretory products of the trematode Echinostoma caproni

Detailed gel images of the differential spots identified by mass spectrometry and database search. Magnification of the 2D gel-areas corresponding to the 19 differentially expressed spots identified by mass spectrometry and database search. Detailed images for each of the 6 replicates analyzed (3 corresponding to the ESPs of E. caproni adults obtained from rats, and 3 from those isolated from mice) are shown. Spot numbers refer to gel image in Fig. 2. (PPTX 4834 kb

Interleukin-25 induces resistance against intestinal trematodes

Echinostoma caproni is an intestinal trematode that has been extensively used as an experimental model to investigate the factors determining the resistance to intestinal helminths or the development of chronic infections. ICR mice are permissive hosts for E. caproni in which chronic infections are developed, concomitantly with local Th1 responses, elevated levels of local IFN-γ, inflammation and antibody responses. However, mice develop partial resistance to homologous challenge infections after cure of a primary infection, which converts this subject into an adequate model for the study of the mechanisms generating resistance against intestinal helminths. The purpose of the present study was to compare the immune response induced in primary and secondary infections to elucidate the factors determining the different outcome of the infection in each type of infection. The results obtained indicate that susceptibility is determined by the lack of IL-25 expression in response to primary infection. In contrast, infection in an environment with elevated levels of IL-25, as occurs in challenge infection, results in a Th2 phenotype impairing parasite survival. This was confirmed by treatment of naïve mice with exogenous IL-25 and subsequent infection. Changes induced in goblet cell populations and mucin glycosylation could be implicated in resistance to infection

High-temporal resolution optical observations of the gamma-ray blazer PG1553+113

We present here the results of an observational photo-polarimetry campaign at optical wavelengths of the blazar PG1553+113, which was recently detected at very high energies (> 100GeV) by the H.E.S.S and MAGIC γ-ray experiments. Our high-temporal resolution data show significant variations in the linear polarization percentage and position angle at inter-night time-scales, while at shorter (intra-night) time-scales both parameters varied less significantly, if at all. Simultaneous differential photometry (at the B and R bands) shows no significant variability in the total optical flux.Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y GeofísicasInstituto de Astrofísica de La Plat

Polarization and photometric observations of the gamma-ray blazar PG1553+113

We present the results of an observational photo-polarimetry campaign of the blazar PG 1553+113 at optical wavelengths. The blazar was recently detected at very high energies (>100 GeV) by the HESS and MAGIC γ-ray Cherenkov telescopes. Our high-temporal resolution data show significant variations in the linear polarization percentage and position angle at inter-night time-scales, while at shorter (intra-night) time-scales both parameters varied less significantly, if at all. Changes in the polarization angle seem to be common in γ-ray emitting blazars. Simultaneous differential photometry (through the B and R bands) shows no significant variability in the total optical flux. We provide B and R magnitudes, along with a finding chart, for a set of field stars suitable for differential photometry.Facultad de Ciencias Astronómicas y GeofísicasInstituto de Astrofísica de La Plat

A class of predefined-time stabilizing controllers for nonholonomic system

The design of a class of predefined-time stabilizing controller for a class uncertain nonholonomic systems in chained form is investigated in this paper. First, some modifications to the classical fixed-time algorithms for first and second order systems are introduced. These modified algorithms, which are developed under the concept of predefined-time stability, reduce the settling time overestimation drawback suffered by the classical fixed-time algorithm. Unlike current finite-time and fixed-time schemes, an upper bound of the settling time is easily tunable through a simple selection of the parameters of the controllers. Then, based on the developed first and second-order algorithms, a switching control strategy is designed to guarantee the predefined-time stability of the chained-form nonholonomic system. Finally, a simulation example is presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.ITESO, A.C