Hallazgo de dos nuevos bisontes en la cueva de Altxerri (Aia, País Vasco).

Se describen dos nuevos bisontes pintados, decubiertos, en la cueva de Altxerri en un lugar de difícil acceso, por construir una sima. Esta sima da origen a una larga galería, que pudo ser decorada fácilmente una vez haber accedido al fondo de la sima, pero las figuras rupestres se limitan a los ejemplares del comienzo de la citada galería. Se describe también otro conjunto de pintura de estilo y técnica distinta al resto de las figuras de Altxerri, decubierto anteriormente y situadas en una galería superior a la del conjunto rupestre principal

ANALYSIS OF PROTEIN CONCENTRATE FROM KAHAI (CARYODENDRON ORINOCENSE KARST) SEEDS CULTIVATED IN AMAZONIA OF ECUADOR

Objective: The aim of this study was to obtain Kahai protein concentrate from Caryodendron orinocense Karst cultivated in the Amazonic region of Ecuador, to characterize its proteins using the sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and native electrophoresis methods, and to determine its content of total polyphenols.Methods: Kahai seeds (C. orinocense Karst) were utilized to obtain Kahai protein concentrate at pH 3.0, pH 4.0, pH 5.0, and pH 6.0 using the isoelectric precipitation method. The proteins were characterized using the SDS-PAGE and native-PAGE electrophoresis methods. Total polyphenols were determined using the colorimetric assay method.Results: The best treatment to obtain Kahai protein concentrate was at pH 5.0 with a 21.91% yield using the cold extraction method. The best treatment was at pH 6.0 with a 11.07% yield using the heat extraction method. Kahai concentrates presented a complex profile of proteins with molecular weights between 14 and 97 kDa. It was possible to obtain at the same time polyphenols at pH 5.0 with a value of 1028.58 mg gallic acid equivalents/100 g protein of sample.Conclusion: This study suggests that Kahai protein concentrates possess a high content of proteins and polyphenols that can be used to elaborate functional foods

Restos de alimentación de origen animal de los pobladores de la cueva de Arenaza (País Vasco) durante la Edad del Bronce

Se da cuenta de los restos de Macromamíferos pertenecientes a la Edad del Bronce y descubiertos en dos sectores de la excavación de la cueva de Arenaza (Bizkaia). La cabaña ganadera estaba compuesta por bovino como animal dominante, seguido de los ganados ovicaprino y de cerda, ambos en cantidades similares. El análisis de sus edades nos indica una ocupación de la cueva durante todo el año. Está también presente el perro, especie no consumida. No hay ningún resto de caballo. Hay además algunos ungulados salvajes cazados, tales como el ciervo, el jabalí y el corzo. Entre los Carnívoros salvajes destaca el oso con 3 restos, uno de los cuales lleva claras incisiones de descarnizado, de origen antrópico. Se analizan las partes del animal presentes en el yacimiento, las incisiones y golpes de rotura, así como las mordeduras. Se calcula el número mínimo de individuos y las edades a las que el ganado era sacrificado. Se dan las medidas del material mensurable más abundante, comparándolo con el conocido en otros yacimientos del País. Estas medidas, en el caso del bovino, nos muestran que la talla de éste era mayor que la de los bovinos de la Edad del Hierro del País

Transversal competences in the Pedagogy degree: diagnosis and state of affairs

[EN] The purpose of this paper is to reflect on the results of an educational innovation project that aims to analyse and organise the transversal competences found in the curricula designed for the Pedagogy degree programme. For this purpose, the situation was assessed by triangulating data from different educational stakeholders. The sample, therefore, was composed of three groups of participants: 1) professional educators who work outside the University of the Basque Country, 2) the Pedagogy degree programme’s teaching staff, and 3) students in the Pedagogy degree programme. Following a thorough contrastive analysis of the information, we concluded that there are transversal competences such as teamwork and oral and written communication that are invariably present in numerous modules. However, there are other transversal competences that are rarely present or receive less attention, as is the case with creativity, digital competence, leadership, and self-directed learning and entrepreneurship. The differences in the amount of attention paid and the weight given to the various competences are a clear call to action: educators must redefine and organise the design of their curricula, along with the assessment of and the work done with transversal competences in the different modules of the Pedagogy degree programme.[ES] La finalidad de este trabajo es reflejar los resultados obtenidos en la realización de un Proyecto de Innovación Educativa que busca analizar y organizar el diseño curricular de las competencias transversales en el Grado de Pedagogía. Para ello, se realiza un diagnóstico de la situación, triangulando las respuestas y los datos de distintos agentes educativos implicados. En consecuencia, la muestra está compuesta por tres grupos de participantes: 1) pedagogos profesionales que trabajan fuera de la propia Universidad del País Vasco, 2) profesorado del grado de pedagogía y 3) alumnado de pedagogía de la propia Facultad. Después de un análisis en profundidad y un contraste de la información, se concluye que hay unas competencias transversales como el trabajo en equipo, la comunicación oral y escrita, que están permanentemente presentes en numerosas asignaturas de grado. Sin embargo, hay otras competencias transversales con una escasa presencia o con una reducida actividad, es el caso de la creatividad, de la competencia digital, el liderazgo y el aprendizaje autónomo o emprendizaje. Estas diferencias en el trabajo y en el peso de unas y otras competencias, suponen un claro aviso y una llamada de atención, para advertir al profesorado universitario de la necesidad de una redefinición u organización del diseño curricular, así como de la evaluación y el trabajo de las competencias transversales en las asignaturas del grado de pedagogía.Eizagirre, A.; Altuna, J.; Pikabea, I.; Marko, JI.; Pérez, V. (2017). Las competencias transversales en el grado de Pedagogía: diagnóstico y estado de la cuestión. REDU. Revista de Docencia Universitaria. 15(1):259-276. doi:10.4995/redu.2017.6044.25927615

Bactericidal Surfaces: An Emerging 21st Century Ultra-Precision Manufacturing and Materials Puzzle

Progress made by materials scientists in recent years has greatly helped the field of ultra-precision manufacturing. Ranging from healthcare to electronics components, phenomena such as twinning, dislocation nucleation, and high-pressure phase transformation have helped to exploit plasticity across a wide range of metallic and semiconductor materials. One current problem at the forefront of the healthcare sector that can benefit from these advances is that of bacterial infections in implanted prosthetic devices. The treatment of implant infections is often complicated by the growth of bacterial biofilms on implant surfaces, which form a barrier that effectively protects the infecting organisms from host immune defenses and exogenous antibiotics. Further surgery is usually required to disrupt the biofilm, or to remove the implant altogether to permit antibiotics to clear the infection, incurring considerable cost and healthcare burdens. In this review, we focus on elucidating aspects of bactericidal surfaces inspired by the biological world to inform the design of implant surface treatments that will suppress bacterial colonization. Alongside manufacturing and materials related challenges, the review identifies the most promising natural bactericidal surfaces and provides representative models of their structure, highlighting the importance of the critical slope presented by these surfaces. The scalable production of these complex hierarchical structures on freeform metallic implant surfaces has remained a scientific challenge to date and, as identified by this review, is one of the many 21st-century puzzles to be addressed by the field of applied physics

Sustainability transition pathways through ecological intensification: an assessment of vegetable food systems in Chile

Ecological intensification has been proposed as a promising lever for a transition towards more sustainable food systems. Various food systems exist that are based on ecological intensification and may have potential for a sustainability transition. Little is known, however, about their diversity and about how they perform against dominant systems in terms of the multiple societal goals. The aim of this study is to contribute to knowledge about sustainability transitions in food systems through an empirical analysis of vegetable food systems in Chile. The study (i) characterizes the diversity of vegetable food systems in Chile (ii) evaluates the food systems in terms of multiple societal goals, and (iii) assesses their potential for supporting sustainability transition pathways from the perspective of ecological intensification. Results indicate that among the five vegetable food system types, the agroecological and the small organic have potential to foster a sustainability transition. Nevertheless, these systems are small and localized, and scaling them requires actions to remove barriers in the relations with the agri-food regime and among themselves. The broader relevance of this analysis is that there needs to be awareness in research on transitions about the diversity of food systems present in countries and how they interact.</p

La cueva de el Sidron (Borines, Piloña, Asturias) : primeros resultados

Se exponen los resultados preliminares de las excavaciones arqueológicas llevadas a cabo en la Cueva de El Sidrón entre 2000 y 2002, de acuerdo con los tres objetivos principales que conciernen al registro fósil humano: las características antropológicas, cómo y cuándo llegaron allí y la relación entre fósiles y cultura. Las primeras conclusiones obtenidas son que los restos humanos pertenecen al Neandertal, que el registro arqueológico corresponde a un tecno-complejo del Paleolítico Medio y que están en posición secundaria.We expose the preliminary results ofthe archaeological excavations developed between 2000-2002 in Sidrón's Cave, according to the three main objectives that concern the human fossil record: the anthropological characteristics, how and when they arrived there and the relation between fossils and culture. We conclude preliminarily that the record belongs to Horno Neanderthalensis, archeological remains to the Middle Paleolithic techno-complex, and they are in a secondary [email protected]