Synthesis of ZnO in aqueous media. Influence of several synthesis parameters on particle size and shape

No abstract availabl

Acompa?amiento pedag?gico al docente de b?sica primaria en el sector rural multigrado elemento fundamental para la excelencia educativa

118 p. Recurso Electr?nicoLa excelencia y la calidad han sido preceptos de los gobiernos de las ?ltimas dos d?cadas, en tanto orientan el presente y futuro en materia educativa, y en particular emparentados con el quehacer del docente en Colombia. En este sentido, desde hace alg?n tiempo, los docentes se han encontrado con un cambio de paradigma trascendental: son los llamados al centro del problema educativo vigente. De all? que, en Colombia, el acompa?amiento Pedag?gico en el marco de la ?Excelencia Educativa?, planteados por el Ministerio de Educaci?n Nacional (2015) a trav?s del documento Colombia la mejor educada en el 2025. L?neas estrat?gicas de la pol?tica educativa del Ministerio de Educaci?n Nacional, brinda un panorama dis?mil al del resto de la comunidad latinoamericana; por esto, atribuir una re-conceptualizaci?n al Acompa?amiento Pedag?gico desde el an?lisis a la luz de te?ricos y experiencias propias en este campo es m?s que pertinente para la mejora de las condiciones pedag?gicas de la educaci?n colombiana rural, que actualmente no existe en el pa?s. En virtud de ello, el presente documento, identifica posibles vac?os y fortalezas de algunos documentos oficiales emanados por el MEN como las Orientaciones y retos para el acompa?amiento pedag?gico. Cuadernillo de trabajo (2017) y la investigaci?n direccionada por la Fundaci?n Compartir (2014) denominada Tras la excelencia docente. Lo anterior, a partir de reflexiones te?ricas desde ?ngel P?rez G?mez, Jos? Gimeno Sacrist?n, ?ngel D?az Barriga y otros acad?micos de la evaluaci?n. Asimismo, busca la reconstrucci?n de una ruta de acompa?amiento pedag?gico que tenga en cuenta las particularidades del contexto rural, el aula multigrado y la participaci?n del profesorado. Para la consolidaci?n de la propuesta, se tuvieron en cuenta experiencias brindadas por mi labor como tutora del Programa Todos a Aprender-PTA y la aplicaci?n de distintos momentos de la Ruta de intervenci?n a docentes del Establecimiento Educativo La Tigrera, zona rural del municipio de Alvarado-Tolima. Por lo anterior, el recorrido investigativo fue de tipo exploratorio. Tuvo en cuenta el rastreo a partir de qu? es el Acompa?amiento Pedag?gico, su desarrollo y su estado actual en Colombia, desde los documentos oficiales como del conocimiento docente. Todo ello, a trav?s del rastreo documental (ver tabla comparativa y de an?lisis), el documento ?tensiones y distensiones del Acompa?amiento Pedag?gico en zona rural? y la construcci?n de una infograf?a, describiendo la ruta aplicada y sus resultados. Palabras claves: Acompa?amiento Pedag?gico, calidad educativa, profesi?n docente, excelencia educativa.Excellence and quality have been, over the years, the last two decades Colombian government?s core principles. Hence, the government has sought to guide the present and future of education in Colombia while approaching the teaching profession. In this regard, and for some time now, teachers have been introduced to a paramount paradigm shift: they are now the heart of the current educational problem. Thus, as teachers are key partakers of education, evaluation, support, among other activities, educational policies should aim at the joint construction of strategies, programs and other initiatives that allow teachers to improve their performance. As a result, the Pedagogical Support within the framework of "Educational Excellence", as proposed by the Ministry of National Education (2015), through the document Colombia la mejor educada en el 2025. L?neas estrat?gicas de la pol?tica educativa del Ministerio de Educaci?n Nacional, provides an overview dissimilar to the rest of the Latin American community. Modifying the concept of Pedagogical Support is more than relevant to improve the pedagogical conditions of education in Colombia. This is why the concept of Pedagogical Support is to be analyzed by theorists and in the light of our own experiences in this field, than at this moment it does not exist in our country. Accordingly, this document seeks to identify possible weaknesses and strengths in some of the official documents issued by the MEN (2014) regarding the concept of Pedagogical Support such as Orientaciones y retos para el acompa?amiento pedag?gico, cuadernillo de trabajo as well as the research conducted by Fundaci?n Compartir (2014) called ?Tras la excelencia docente?. Likewise, the current proposal seeks to rebuild a pedagogical support map that considers rural context particularities, multi-grade classrooms, and teachers participation. To consolidate the proposal, experiences from my work as a tutor of the ?Programa Todos a Aprender-PTA were considered, as well as various moments from the Intervention Route for teachers at the Educational Institution La Tigrera, in the rural area of the municipality of Alvarado-Tolima. Due to the above, this is considered an exploratory research. This paper traced back the concept of Pedagogical Support, its development and current status in Colombia based on official documents and teachers practices and knowledge. All of this was based on 3 elements: i) a documentary tracking (see comparative and analysis table), ii) a document called "Tensiones y distensiones del Acompa?amiento Pedag?gico en zona rural", and iii) the construction of an infographic that describes the path followed and its results. Keywords: Pedagogical Support, educational quality, teaching profession, educational excellence

Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries: A comprehensive review and future research directions

Acute coronary syndromes constitute a variety of myocardial injury presentations that include a subset of patients presenting with myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA). This acute coronary syndrome differs from type 1 myocardial infarction (MI) regarding patient characteristics, presentation, physiopathology, management, treatment, and prognosis. Two-thirds of MINOCA subjects present ST-segment elevation; MINOCA patients are younger, are more often female and tend to have fewer cardiovascular risk factors. Moreover, MINOCA is a working diagnosis, and defining the aetiologic mechanism is relevant because it affects patient care and prognosis. In the absence of relevant coronary artery disease, myocardial ischaemia might be triggered by an acute event in epicardial coronary arteries, coronary microcirculation, or both. Epicardial causes of MINOCA include coronary plaque disruption, coronary dissection, and coronary spasm. Microvascular MINOCA mechanisms involve microvascular coronary spasm, takotsubo syndrome (TTS), myocarditis, and coronary thromboembolism. Coronary angiography with non-significant coronary stenosis and left ventriculography are first-line tests in the differential study of MINOCA patients. The diagnostic arsenal includes invasive and non-invasive techniques. Medical history and echocardiography can help indicate vasospasm or thrombosis, if one finite coronary territory is affected, or specify TTS if apical ballooning is present. Intravascular ultrasound, optical coherence tomography, and provocative testing are encouraged. Cardiac magnetic resonance is a cornerstone in myocarditis diagnosis. MINOCA is not a benign diagnosis, and its polymorphic forms differ in prognosis. MINOCA care varies across centres, and future multi-centre clinical trials with standardized criteria may have a positive impact on defining optimal cardiovascular care for MINOCA patients

Liquid Biopsy Biomarkers for Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma: Lessons Learned and the Road Ahead

Over the recent years, advances in the development of anti-cancer treatments, particularly the implementation of ICIs (immune checkpoint inhibitors), have resulted in increased survival rates in NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer) patients. However, a significant proportion of patients does not seem respond to immunotherapy, and some individuals even develop secondary resistance to treatment. Therefore, it is imperative to correctly identify the patients that will benefit from ICI therapy in order to tailor therapeutic options in an individualised setting, ultimately benefitting both the patient and the health system. Many different biomarkers have been explored to correctly stratify patients and predict response to immunotherapy, but liquid biopsy approaches have recently arisen as an interesting opportunity to predict and monitor treatment response due to their logistic accessibility. This review summarises the current data and efforts in the field of ICI response biomarkers in NSCLC patients and highlights advantages and limitations as we discuss the road to clinical implementation

Jost-Lehmann-Dyson Representation, Analyticity in Angle Variable and Upper Bounds in Noncommutative Quantum Field Theory

The existence of Jost-Lehmann-Dyson representation analogue has been proved in framework of space-space noncommutative quantum field theory. On the basis of this representation it has been found that some class of elastic amplitudes admits an analytical continuation into complex \cos\vartheta plane and corresponding domain of analyticity is Martin ellipse. This analyticity combined with unitarity leads to Froissart-Martin upper bound on total cross section.Comment: LaTeX, 15 pages, improved version, misprints corrected, the references added, to appear in Theor. Math. Phy

Overlapping variants in the blood, tissues and cell lines for patients with intracranial meningiomas are predominant in stem cell-related genes

Objective: Bulk tissue genomic analysis of meningiomas identified common somatic mutations, however, it often excluded blood-related variants. In contrast, genomic characterisation of primary cell lines that can provide critical information regarding growth and proliferation, have been rare. In our work, we identified the variants that are present in the blood, tissues and corresponding cell lines that are likely to be predictive, tumorigenic and progressive. Method: Whole-exome sequencing was used to identify variants and distinguish related pathways that exist in 42 blood, tissues and corresponding cell lines (BTCs) samples for patients with intracranial meningiomas. Conventional sequencing was used for the confirmation of variants. Integrative analysis of the gene expression for the corresponding samples was utilised for further interpretations. Results: In total, 926 BTC variants were detected, implicating 845 genes. A pathway analysis of all BTC genes with damaging variants indicated the 'cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation' stem cell-related pathway to be the most frequently affected pathway. Concordantly, five stem cell-related genes, GPRIN2, ALDH3B2, ASPN, THSD7A and SIGLEC6, showed BTC variants in at least five of the patients. Variants that were heterozygous in the blood and homozygous in the tissues or the corresponding cell lines were rare (average: 1.3 +/- 0.3%), and included variants in the RUNX2 and CCDC114 genes. An analysis comparing the variants detected only in tumours with aggressive features indicated a total of 240 BTC genes, implicating the 'homophilic cell adhesion via plasma membrane adhesion molecules' pathway, and identifying the stem cell-related transcription coactivator NCOA3/AIB1/SRC3 as the most frequent BTC gene. Further analysis of the possible impact of the poly-Q mutation present in the NCOA3 gene indicated associated deregulation of 15 genes, including the up-regulation of the stem cell related SEMA3D gene and the angiogenesis related VEGFA gene. Conclusion: Stem cell-related pathways and genes showed high prevalence in the BTC variants, and novel variants in stem cell-related genes were identified for meningioma. These variants can potentially be used as predictive, tumorigenic and progressive biomarkers for meningioma

Pharmaceutical companies information and antibiotic prescription patterns: A follow-up study in Spanish primary care

OBJECTIVES: To assess the impact of sources of drug information on antibiotic prescribing patterns (quantity and quality) among primary care physicians. METHODS: We conducted a cohort study on primary care physicians who were actively engaged in medical practice in 2010 in a region in north-west Spain (Galicia), fulfilling inclusion criteria (n = 2100). As the independent variable, we took the perceived utility of 6 sources of information on antibiotics, as measured by the validated KAAR-11 questionnaire. As dependent variables, we used: (1) a quality indicator (appropriate quality, defined as any case where 6 of the 12 indicators proposed by the European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption Network [ESAC-Net] were better than the mean values for Spain); and, (2) a quantity indicator (high prescribing), defined as any case where defined daily doses (DDD) per 1 000 inhabitants per day of antibacterials for systemic use were higher than the mean values for Spain. The adjusted odds ratio for a change in the interquartile range (IqOR) for each sources of information on antibiotics was calculated using Generalized Linear Mixed Models. RESULTS: The questionnaire response rate was 68%. Greater perceived utility of pharmaceutical sales representatives increases the risk of having high prescribing (1/IqOR = 2.50 [95%CI: 1.63-3.66]) and reduces the probability of having appropriate quality (1/IqOR = 2.28 [95%CI: 1.77-3.01]). Greater perceived utility of clinical guidelines increases the probability of having appropriate quality (1/IqOR = 1.25 [95%CI: 1.02-1.54]) and reduces the probability of high prescribing (1/IqOR = 1.25 [95%CI: 1.02-1.54]). CONCLUSIONS: Sources of information on antibiotics are an important determinant of the quantity and quality of antibiotic prescribing in primary care. Commercial sources of information influence prescribing negatively, and clinical guidelines are associated with better indicators.Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIThe European Regional Development Fund (ERDF)Mutua Madrileñ

Psychiatric comorbidities in Asperger syndrome are related with polygenic overlap and differ from other Autism subtypes

There is great phenotypic heterogeneity within autism spectrum disorders (ASD), which has led to question their classification into a single diagnostic category. The study of the common genetic variation in ASD has suggested a greater contribution of other psychiatric conditions in Asperger syndrome (AS) than in the rest of the DSM-IV ASD subtypes (Non_AS). Here, using available genetic data from previously performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we aimed to study the genetic overlap between five of the most related disorders (schizophrenia (SCZ), major depression disorder (MDD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) and anxiety (ANX)), and AS, comparing it with the overlap in Non_AS subtypes. A Spanish cohort of autism trios (N = 371) was exome sequenced as part of the Autism Sequencing Consortium (ASC) and 241 trios were extensively characterized to be diagnosed with AS following DSM-IV and Gillberg's criteria (N = 39) or not (N = 202). Following exome imputation, polygenic risk scores (PRS) were calculated for ASD, SCZ, ADHD, MDD, ANX, and OCD (from available summary data from Psychiatric Genomic Consortium (PGC) repository) in the Spanish trios' cohort. By using polygenic transmission disequilibrium test (pTDT), we reported that risk for SCZ (Pscz = 0.008, corrected-PSCZ = 0.0409), ADHD (PADHD = 0.021, corrected-PADHD = 0.0301), and MDD (PMDD = 0.039, corrected-PMDD = 0.0501) is over-transmitted to children with AS but not to Non_AS. Indeed, agnostic clustering procedure with deviation values from pTDT tests suggested two differentiated clusters of subjects, one of which is significantly enriched in AS (P = 0.025). Subsequent analysis with S-Predixcan, a recently developed software to predict gene expression from genotype data, revealed a clear pattern of correlation between cortical gene expression in ADHD and AS (P < 0.001) and a similar strong correlation pattern between MDD and AS, but also extendable to another non-brain tissue such as lung (P < 0.001). Altogether, these results support the idea of AS being qualitatively distinct from Non_AS autism and consistently evidence the genetic overlap between AS and ADHD, MDD, or SCZ