'Just peace', just peace - what peace? The US and Russia's conceptual approaches to peace and conflict settlement

In theoretical terms 'peace' remains a largely contested concept. Academics propose competing definitions and conceptualizations, which possess their own normative and analytical advantages or disadvantages. Yet despite heated academic and theoretical debates, studies looking at the empirical understandings of peace and conflict-settlement strategies of different states are largely missing. The paper set out to cover this gap and ask how similarities and differences in the actors' conceptual understandings of peace play themselves out in their agreement and disagreement over the advocated 'peace strategies'. Employing qualitative/ quantitative content analysis of the statements made by the representatives of the Russian Federation and the United States at the UN Security Council, Evgeniya Bakalova and Konstanze Jüngling analyze the debates around four recent and/ or ongoing conflicts (Georgia 2008, Libya 2011, Syria 2011-2014 and Ukraine 2014). The study reveals that while agreement over the conceptualization of peace does not impede further disagreement as to the advocated peace strategies, disagreement at the conceptual level breeds deeper disagreement

Consistency properties of a chaotic semiconductor laser driven by optical feedback

© 2015 American Physical Society. We experimentally study consistency properties of a semiconductor laser in response to a coherent optical drive originating from delayed feedback. The laser is connected to a short and a long optical fiber loop, switched such that only one is providing input to the laser at a time. This way, repeating the exact same optical drive twice, we find consistent or inconsistent responses depending on the pump parameter and we relate the kind of response to strong and weak chaos. Moreover, we are able to experimentally determine the sub-Lyapunov exponent, underlying the consistency properties.This work was supported by MINECO (Spain), Comunitat Autònoma de les Illes Balears and FEDER under Projects TEC2012-36335 (TRIPHOP), and Grups Competitius. N. O. is funded by a JAE-PreDoc grant from CSIC and cofunded by Programa Operativo FSE 2007-2013. T. J. acknowledges support by a fellowship within the Postdoc-Programme of the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD).Peer Reviewe

Differential diagnoses of nocturnal fear and movement paroxysm: a case report

Recurrent nocturnal behavioural and movement paroxysms are a diagnostic challenge for the clinical pediatrician. We report on an adolescent girl who presents recurrent stereotypical nightmare-like episodes occurring during non-REM sleep stages 1-2 (N1 and N2). We discuss the differential diagnoses between epileptic and nonepileptic events and between nocturnal frontal and temporal seizures. The pathophysiological and unusual electroencephalographical features are discussed with respect to clinical features and results of interictal FDG-PET. Conclusion In case of stereotypical nightmare-like episodes in children or adolescents, an epileptic origin has to be ruled out before a parasomnia is diagnosed. In addition, a normal awake EEG or interictal sleep EEG in the diagnostic workup may not exclude an epileptic disorder. In case of nightly stereotypic motor or affective events, an epileptic disorder should be discusse