Технологические решения для строительства эксплуатационной наклонно-направленной скважины с горизонтальным участком (пласт PZ) на нефтяном месторождении (Томская область)

Объектом исследования является нефтяное месторождение Томской области. Цель работы – проектирование технологических процессов бурения и заканчивания. В процессе работы был составлен технологический проект на строительство эксплуатационной наклонно-направленной скважины глубиной 2892 м с горизонтальным участком на нефтяном месторождении Томской области. В результате исследования были спроектированы технологические решения на строительство скважины. Основные конструктивные, технологические и технико-эксплуатационные характеристики: разработаны технологические решения по строительству наклонно-направленной скважины с горизонтальным участком длиной 650 м с хвостовиком 114 мм.The object of study is the oil field of the Tomsk region. The purpose of the work - the design of technological processes of drilling and completion. In the process, a technological project was constructed for the construction of a production directional well 2892 m deep with a horizontal section on the oil field of the Tomsk region. As a result of the research, technological solutions for well construction were designed. The main design, technological and technical and operational characteristics: developed technological solutions for the construction of a directional well with a horizontal section 650 m long with a 114mm shank

The ubiquitin-specific protease USP7 Modulates the replication of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus latent episomal DNA

Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) belongs to the gamma-2 Herpesviridae and is associated with three neoplastic disorders: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), primary effusion lymphoma (PEL), and multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD). The viral latency-associated nuclear antigen 1 (LANA) is expressed in all latently KSHV-infected cells and is involved in viral latent replication and maintenance of the viral genome. We show that LANA interacts with the ubiquitin-specific protease USP7 through its N-terminal TRAF (tumor necrosis factor [TNF] receptor-associated factor) domain. This interaction involves a short sequence (amino acids [aa] 971 to 986) within the C-terminal domain of LANA with strong similarities to the USP7 binding site of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) EBNA-1 protein. A LANA mutant with a deletion of the identified USP7 binding site showed an enhanced ability to replicate a plasmid containing the KSHV latent origin of replication but was comparable to the wild-type LANA (LANA WT) with regard to the regulation of viral and cellular promoters. Furthermore, the LANA homologues of two other gamma-2 herpesviruses, MHV68 and RRV, also recruit USP7. Our findings suggest that recruitment of USP7 to LANA could play a role in the regulation of viral latent replication. The recruitment of USP7, and its role in herpesvirus latent replication, previously described for the latent EBNA-1 protein of the gamma-1 herpesvirus (lymphocryptovirus) EBV (M. N. Holowaty et al., J. Biol. Chem. 278:29987-29994, 2003), may thereby be a conserved feature among gammaherpesvirus latent origin binding proteins.EU Integrated Project INCA (LSHC-CT-18730); DFG Priority program SPP1130; Collaborative Research Centre DFG SFB900Peer Reviewe

A Bayesian network approach to coastal storm impact modeling

In this paper we develop a Bayesian network (BN) that relates offshore storm conditions to their accompanying flood characteristics and damages to residential buildings, following on the trend of integrated flood impact modeling. It is based on data from hydrodynamic storm simulations, information on land use and a depth-damage curve. The approach can easily be applied to any site. We have chosen the Belgian village Zeebrugge as a case study, although we use a simplified storm climate. The BN can predict spatially varying inundation depths and building damages for specific storm scenarios and diagnose under which storm conditions and where on the site the highest impacts occur.Non UBCUnreviewedThis collection contains the proceedings of ICASP12, the 12th International Conference on Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering held in Vancouver, Canada on July 12-15, 2015. Abstracts were peer-reviewed and authors of accepted abstracts were invited to submit full papers. Also full papers were peer reviewed. The editor for this collection is Professor Terje Haukaas, Department of Civil Engineering, UBC Vancouver.FacultyOthe

Bayesian Network Approach for Climate Change and DRR Scenarios' Testing - Pilot Cases from Italy and Spain

Recent coastal storm impacts emphasized the need of proper coastal risk assessment to propose adequate risk reduction plans. Coastal managers should be able to predict and compare the effect of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) measures under current and future scenarios. The analyses should integrate multi-hazard assessments at the receptor scale and should be as flexible as to be applied at different morphologic and socio-economic settings. The EU Risc-Kit project (www.risckit.eu) provided tools in support to coastal management to be applied at different scales throughout the disaster management cycle (Van Dongeren et al., 2017). In this work, the local scale Hotspot tool (Jäger et al., 2017) was applied at two Mediterranean case studies to test and compare DRR measures under current and future scenarios, considering flooding and erosion hazards. The tool implements the Source-Pathway-Receptor-Consequences (SPRC) concept into a Bayesian Network (BN)(Figure 1). The hazard component is calculated through a process-based model chain. The last step of the chain consists of a 2DH XBeach model providing hydro-morphodynamic results. Hazards are translated into consequences for the exposed receptors through vulnerability relations. Then, results are integrated into the BN linking storm characteristics with expected impacts through conditional probabilities. The approach was repeated for a large number of forcing conditions, in current and future conditions, with and without the implementation of DRR measures affecting hazard, vulnerability or exposure. The BN was used to explore and compare results in an integrated manner. The tool was applied at two urbanized touristic sandy beaches, in Spain (Tordera Delta, Maresme-La Selva) and Italy (Lido degli Estensi-Spina, Comacchio). DRR measures, such as artificial dunes, nourishments, managed retreat and nonstructural measures were tested in both current and future conditions. At both case studies: (i) the results of the current conditions appeared to be consistent with the knowledge of the area; (ii) the method was able to provide quantitative information on the variations of the level of risk for receptors under the projected future conditions; (iii) the DRR measures evidenced mainly positive effects in terms of risk reduction, with some exceptions, in both current and future conditions. Strategic alternatives (i.e., single or set of measures) were compared to select optimal combinations of DRR. The main limitations of this study were related to the numerical approximations of the model chain, the adopted vulnerability relations, the design of the measures and the future conditions. Finally, the higher is the number of considered storm conditions, the more complete is the integrated assessment. However, this may lead to a massive effort in terms of computational time. Despite these limitations the scenario comparisons were effective. This work highlighted the advantages of using the Risc-Kit Hotspot tool for DRR testing in current and future conditions. Future applications will be implemented in Scandinavia in the framework of the EU ANYWHERE project (www.anywhere-h2020.eu)

More than recycling : the potential of the circular economy shown by a case study of the metal working industry

The steel industry is responsible for a quarter of all industrial greenhouse gas emissions. So far, the environmental savings are mainly due to steel recycling. Besides recycling, the circular economy offers strategies to increase material efficiency and thus decrease the primary raw material demand. However, the potentials remain unexploited because circular economy concepts with a higher degree of circularity are not considered. The presented case study of an industrial machining knife illustrates how the production process can be improved by implementing various circular strategies. The environmental performance is analyzed by calculating and comparing the carbon footprint, the cumulative energy demand and the material footprint, and the material efficiency indicator. The results show that the implementation of the three overarching strategies of the circular economy - narrowing, closing, and slowing - contributes to a significant increase in material efficiency. The implementation also has a positive effect on the overall environmental performance. The circular production processes require less energy and resources and cause fewer emissions. Auxiliary processes such as additional transport routes are relevant, as they can reduce or even overcompensate for savings. These processes must be adequately considered and designed

Characterization of CD34⁺ Cells from Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Using a t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) Protocol

Using multi-color flow cytometry analysis, we studied the immunophenotypical differences between leukemic cells from patients with AML/MDS and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from patients in complete remission (CR) following their successful treatment. The panel of markers included CD34, CD38, CD45RA, CD123 as representatives for a hierarchical hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) classification as well as programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). Rather than restricting the evaluation on a 2- or 3-dimensional analysis, we applied a t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) approach to obtain deeper insight and segregation between leukemic cells and normal HPSCs. For that purpose, we created a t-SNE map, which resulted in the visualization of 27 cell clusters based on their similarity concerning the composition and intensity of antigen expression. Two of these clusters were “leukemia-related” containing a great proportion of CD34+/CD38− hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) or CD34+ cells with a strong co-expression of CD45RA/CD123, respectively. CD34+ cells within the latter cluster were also highly positive for PD-L1 reflecting their immunosuppressive capacity. Beyond this proof of principle study, the inclusion of additional markers will be helpful to refine the differentiation between normal HSPCs and leukemic cells, particularly in the context of minimal disease detection and antigen-targeted therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, we suggest a protocol for the assignment of new cell ensembles in quantitative terms, via a numerical value, the Pearson coefficient, based on a similarity comparison of the t-SNE pattern with a reference