НИЗЬКОТЕМПЕРАТУРНІ ВИПАРНІ ВОДООХОЛОДЖУВАЧІ. АНАЛІЗ МОЖЛИВОСТЕЙ І ЕКОЛОГО-ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК

Basic solutions for evaporative water and air coolers of indirect type with a reduced cooling limit have been developed. New solutions allow to reduce the evaporative cooling limit of the fluids in the chiller chillers from the temperature of the wet thermometer entering the air cooler to the dew-point temperature. The nozzle of heat-mass-exchange apparatus of film type is made on the basis of monoblock multichannel compositions made of polymer materials. Based on the experimental data on the efficiency of heat-mass transfer processes, a comparative analysis of the capabilities of the developed water coolers was confirmed, which confirmed the high efficiency of the new solutions. A comparative energy-ecological analysis of the traditional type of SCR (vapor compression) and the developed alternative solar air conditioning system SACS, which showed significant advantages of new solutionsРазработаны принципиальные решения испарительных водо- и воздухоохладителей непрямого типа со сниженным пределом охлаждения. Новые решения позволяют снизить предел испарительного охлаждения сред в охладителях-чиллерах от температуры мокрого термометра поступающего в охладитель воздуха до температуры точки росы. Насадка тепло-массообменных аппаратов пленочного типа выполнена на основе моноблоковых многоканальных композиций из полимерных материалов. Выполнен, на основании полученных экспериментальных данных по эффективности процессов тепло-массообмена, сравнительный анализ возможностей разработанных водоохладителей, подтвердивший высокую эффективность новых решений. Выполнен сравнительный энерго-экологический анализ СКВ традиционного типа (парокомпрессионной) и разработанной альтернативной солнечной системы кондиционирования воздуха ССКВ, показавший значительные преимущества новых решенийРозроблено принципові рішення випарних водо- і повітроохолоджувачів непрямого типу зі зниженим межею охолодження. Нові рішення дозволяють знизити межу випарного охолодження середовищ в охолоджувачах-чіллерах від температури мокрого термометра надходить в охолоджувач повітря до температури точки роси. Насадка тепло-масообмінних апаратів плівкового типу виконана на основі моноблокових багатоканальних композицій з полімерних матеріалів. Виконано, на підставі отриманих експериментальних даних по ефективності процесів тепло-масообміну, порівняльний аналіз можливостей розроблених водоохолоджувачів, підтвердив високу ефективність нових рішень. Виконано порівняльний енерго-екологічний аналіз ВКВ традиційного типу (парокомпрессионной) і розробленої альтернативної сонячної системи кондиціонування повітря ССКВ, що показав значні переваги нових рішен

Multilingual Topic Labelling of News Topics using Ontological Mapping

The large volume of news produced daily makes topic modelling useful for analysing topical trends. A topic is usually represented by a ranked list of words but this can be difficult and time-consuming for humans to interpret. Therefore, various methods have been proposed to generate labels that capture the semantic content of a topic. However, there has been no work so far on coming up with multilingual labels which can be useful for exploring multilingual news collections. We propose an ontological mapping method that maps topics to concepts in a language-agnostic news ontology. We test our method on Finnish and English topics and show that it performs on par with state-of-the-art label generation methods, is able to produce multilingual labels, and can be applied to topics from languages that have not been seen during training without any modifications.Peer reviewe

Чтение на Земле и в космосе

The article describes the history of Zvezdniy Gorodok Library formation and the Orbital Station “Mir” library and also analyzes the reading circle of readers-cosmonauts.Рассмотрена история создания библиотеки Звездного городка, а также библиотеки на орбитальной станции «Мир». Проанализирован круг чтения читателей-космонавтов

Evaluation of the central vault after phakic collamer lens (ICL) implantation

Curso 2019-2020Objetivo: Comparar cómo varía el vault de las lentes fáquicas tipo ICL a lo largo del tiempo. Material y métodos: Se incluyeron 626 ojos de 343 pacientes operados en la Clínica Miranza IOA Madrid entre febrero de 2004 y diciembre de 2016. Se estudió la evolución del vault central en función de los 3 modelos de ICL implantados de potencia miópica: el modelo ICM y los modelos VICMO y VICM5 que presentan un agujero central (aquaPORT) que ayuda al correcto flujo del humor acuoso. La evaluación del modelo ICM se hizo mediante lámpara de hendidura y OCT, mientras que para los modelos VICMO y VICM5 la evaluación se realizó únicamente con OCT. Todos los valores se incluyeron en micras en la base de datos creada en SPSS para su análisis. Resultados: Las lentes tipo ICM presentaron una disminución estadísticamente significativa en el vault central dos años después de la implantación de la lente (26,70±117,76μm; p=0,018). En las lentes con AquaPORT (VICMO y VICM5) se observó una disminución estadísticamente significativa desde el primer año tras la inserción de la lente (98,79±143,23μm; p=0,000 y 190,74±155,59μm; p=0,000 respectivamente), siendo está disminución mayor durante los primeros 12 meses. Se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las lentes ICM y VICMO (p=0,000) tanto en la medida postquirúrgica y durante los dos años siguientes (p=0,011), y entre la lente ICM y VICM5 en la medida postquirúrgica (p=0,000). No se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los modelos VICMO y VICM5. Conclusiones: Existe una disminución estadísticamente significativa en el vault central de todos los modelos de ICL evaluados a lo largo del tiempo.Purpose: To compare how the vault of phakic collamer lens (ICL) changes over the time. Material and methods: 626 eyes of 343 patients operated on in Clinic Miranza IOA Madrid between February 2004 and December 2016 were included. Central vault evolution was studied according to the 3 ICL models implanted with myopic power: the ICM model and the VICMO and VICM5 models that have a central hole (aquaPORT) which helps the correct flow of aqueous humor. The evaluation of the ICM model was performed with a slit lamp and OCT while for the VICMO and VICM5 models the evaluation was carried out only with OCT. All values were included in microns in the database created in SPSS for analysis. Result: ICM lenses presented a statistically significant decrease in the annual vault 2 years later from the lens insertion (26,70±117,76μm; p=0,018). In the case of the lens with AquaPORT it was observed a statistically significant decrease from the first year after the lens insertion (98,79±143,23μm; p=0,000 y 190,74±155,59μm; p=0,000 respectively), being this decrease higher during the first 12 months. Statistically significant differences were observed between the ICM and VICMO (p=0,000) lenses both in the post-surgical measurement and during the following two years (p=0,011), and between the ICM and VICM5 lens in the post-surgical visit (p=0,000). Non statistically significant differences were observed between the VICMO and VICM5 models. Conclusions: There is a statistically significant decrease in the central vault of the lens with and without AquaPORT over the time.Depto. de Optometría y VisiónFac. de Óptica y OptometríaTRUEsubmitte

Pepsin-Assisted Transglutaminase Modification of Functional Properties of a Protein Isolate Obtained from Industrial Sunflower Meal

Upotrebom industrijske suncokretove sačme za dobivanje proizvoda bogatih proteinima moguće je adekvatno i učinkovito iskoristiti taj poljoprivredni nusproizvod. Iako proteini suncokretove sačme imaju specifična svojstva, potrebno ih je poboljšati da bi se povećala mogućnost njihove primjene za dobivanje proizvoda visoke prehrambene vrijednosti. Svrha je ovoga rada bila ocijeniti zajednički učinak djelomične hidrolize pomoću pepsina i modifikacije transglutaminazom na funkcionalnost izolata industrijske suncokretove sačme pri pH- -vrijednostima od 2 do 10. Dobivena su tri hidrolizata pepsina modificirana pomoću transglutaminaze, nazvani TG-PH1 (stupanj hidrolize od 0,48 %), TG-PH2 (stupanj hidrolize 0,71 %) i TG-PH3 (stupanj hidrolize 1,72 %). Sva su tri hidrolizata imala bolju topljivost pri pH-vrijednostima od 3,5 do 5,5; a najveću je topljivost imao izolat TG-PH3 pri izoelektričnoj točki proteina (pI=4,5). Izolat proteina suncokretove sačme te izolat suncokretove sačme modificiran pomoću transglutaminaze imali su bolju topljivost od tri hidrolizata modificirana pomoću transglutamnaze pri pH7. Primjenom sva tri hidrolizata pepsina bitno je poboljšana sposobnost stvaranja pjene (p<0.05) pri cijelom ispitanom rasponu pH-vrijednosti. Hidroliza izolata proteina pomoću pepsina s tri različita stupnja hidrolize nije poboljšala stabilnost pjene. Hidrolizat TG-PH3 imao je bolju toplinsku stabilnost, i to do 80 °C, u usporedbi s izolatom proteina (pH=7). Pri 90 °C, najveća je toplinska stabilnost postignuta modifikacijom izolata proteina pomoću pepsina. Obradom izolata proteina transglutaminazom nakon hidrolize pomoću pepsina mogu se proizvesti izolati suncokretove sačme s poboljšanom topljivošću, sposobnošću stvaranja pjene i povećanom toplinskom stabilnosti za primjenu u prehrambenoj industriji.The utilization of industrial sunflower meal to produce protein-rich products for the food industry is an alternative approach for better and more efficient use of this agricultural by-product. Sunflower meal proteins possess specific functional properties, which however need improvement to broaden their potential as supplements for delivering high-quality products for human nutrition. The aim of the study is to evaluate the combined influence of low-degree pepsin hydrolysis and transglutaminase (TG) modification on industrial sunflower meal protein isolate functionality at pH=2 to 10. Three TG-modified pepsin hydrolysates with the degree of hydrolysis of 0.48, 0.71 and 1.72 % were produced and named TG-PH1, TG-PH2 and TG-PH3, respectively. All three TG-modified pepsin hydrolysates exhibited improved solubility at pH between 3.5 and 5.5 as the highest was observed of TG-PH3 at protein isoelectric point (pI=4.5). Sunflower meal protein isolate and TG-modified sunflower meal protein isolate had greater solubility than the three TG-modified hydrolysates at pH7. Significant improvement of foam making capacity (p<0.05) was achieved with all three TG-modified pepsin hydrolysates in the entire pH area studied. Pepsin hydrolysis of the protein isolate with the three degrees of hydrolysis did not improve foam stability. Improved thermal stability was observed with TG-PH3 up to 80 °C compared to the protein isolate (pH=7). At 90 °C, TG modification of the protein isolate alone resulted in the highest thermal stability. Pepsin hydrolysis followed by a treatment with TG could be used to produce sunflower protein isolates with improved solubility, foam making capacity and thermal stability for use in the food industry

Ul Mira 14, Saint Petersburg 197101, Russia 6 St. Petersburg Hospital No. 31, Pr. Dinamo 3, Saint Petersburg

The spread of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae is a global problem; however, no exact data on the epidemiology of carbapenemase in the Baltic countries and St. Petersburg area is available. We aimed to evaluate the epidemiology of carbapenemaseproducing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in the Baltic States and St. Petersburg, Russia, and to compare the different methods for carbapenemase detection. From January to May 2012, all K. pneumoniae ( = 1983) and E. coli ( = 7774) clinical isolates from 20 institutions in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and St. Petersburg, Russia were screened for carbapenem susceptibility. The IMP, VIM, GIM, NDM, KPC, and OXA-48 genes were detected using real-time PCR and the ability to hydrolyze ertapenem was determined using MALDI-TOF MS. Seventy-seven strains were found to be carbapenem nonsusceptible. From these, 15 K. pneumoniae strains hydrolyzed ertapenem and carried the NDM gene. All of these strains carried integron 1 and most carried integron 3 as well as genes of the CTX-M-1 group. No carbapenemase-producing E. coli or K. pneumoniae strains were found in Estonia, Latvia, or Lithuania; however, NDM-positive K. pneumoniae was present in the hospital in St. Petersburg, Russia. A MALDI-TOF MS-based assay is a suitable and cost-effective method for the initial confirmation of carbapenemase production

Refugios climáticos escolares basados en la naturaleza : evaluación desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria

Este trabajo se basa en el proyecto Coolschools (coolschools.eu) y ha recibido financiación del programa de investigación e innovación Horizon 2020 de la Unión Europea bajo el acuerdo de subvención núm. 101003758, así como de la Agencia Española de Investigación (AEI), Innoviris (Región de Bruselas Capital), Dutch Research Council (NWO), The Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO) y Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR).Las soluciones basadas en la naturaleza (SbN) se definen como acciones que se apoyan en lanaturaleza para proporcionar simultáneamente beneficios ambientales y socioeconómicos de forma sostenible y resiliente. Cuando se incorporan en entornos escolares, tanto dentro de los recintos escolares como en sus alrededores, las SbN pueden contribuir a la adaptación al cambio climático a la vez que proporcionar múltiples cobeneficios a la comunidad educativa. Este artículo aporta evidencias científicas y herramientas metodológicas para una evaluación holística de los cobeneficios de las SbN en entornos escolares en términos de equidad, biodiversidad, salud, seguridad, gobernanza y educación, con una mirada hacia la población infantil como beneficiaria principal. Para ello, propone y desarrolla el concepto de refugios climáticos escolares basados en la naturaleza como una estrategia innovadora para la transición hacia ciudades más sostenibles y resilientes

Phenological shifts of abiotic events, producers and consumers across a continent

Ongoing climate change can shift organism phenology in ways that vary depending on species, habitats and climate factors studied. To probe for large-scale patterns in associated phenological change, we use 70,709 observations from six decades of systematic monitoring across the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Among 110 phenological events related to plants, birds, insects, amphibians and fungi, we find a mosaic of change, defying simple predictions of earlier springs, later autumns and stronger changes at higher latitudes and elevations. Site mean temperature emerged as a strong predictor of local phenology, but the magnitude and direction of change varied with trophic level and the relative timing of an event. Beyond temperature-associated variation, we uncover high variation among both sites and years, with some sites being characterized by disproportionately long seasons and others by short ones. Our findings emphasize concerns regarding ecosystem integrity and highlight the difficulty of predicting climate change outcomes. The authors use systematic monitoring across the former USSR to investigate phenological changes across taxa. The long-term mean temperature of a site emerged as a strong predictor of phenological change, with further imprints of trophic level, event timing, site, year and biotic interactions.Peer reviewe

Chronicles of nature calendar, a long-term and large-scale multitaxon database on phenology

We present an extensive, large-scale, long-term and multitaxon database on phenological and climatic variation, involving 506,186 observation dates acquired in 471 localities in Russian Federation, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Belarus and Kyrgyzstan. The data cover the period 1890-2018, with 96% of the data being from 1960 onwards. The database is rich in plants, birds and climatic events, but also includes insects, amphibians, reptiles and fungi. The database includes multiple events per species, such as the onset days of leaf unfolding and leaf fall for plants, and the days for first spring and last autumn occurrences for birds. The data were acquired using standardized methods by permanent staff of national parks and nature reserves (87% of the data) and members of a phenological observation network (13% of the data). The database is valuable for exploring how species respond in their phenology to climate change. Large-scale analyses of spatial variation in phenological response can help to better predict the consequences of species and community responses to climate change.Peer reviewe