Dominating sets and connected dominating sets in dynamic graphs

In this paper we study the dynamic versions of two basic graph problems: Minimum Dominating Set and its variant Minimum Connected Dominating Set. For those two problems, we present algorithms that maintain a solution under edge insertions and edge deletions in time O( 06\ub7polylog n) per update, where 06 is the maximum vertex degree in the graph. In both cases, we achieve an approximation ratio of O(log n), which is optimal up to a constant factor (under the assumption that P 6= NP). Although those two problems have been widely studied in the static and in the distributed settings, to the best of our knowledge we are the first to present efficient algorithms in the dynamic setting. As a further application of our approach, we also present an algorithm that maintains a Minimal Dominating Set in O(min( 06, m)) per update

Effective Edge-Fault-Tolerant Single-Source Spanners via Best (or Good) Swap Edges

Computing \emph{all best swap edges} (ABSE) of a spanning tree $T$ of a given $n$-vertex and $m$-edge undirected and weighted graph $G$ means to select, for each edge $e$ of $T$, a corresponding non-tree edge $f$, in such a way that the tree obtained by replacing $e$ with $f$ enjoys some optimality criterion (which is naturally defined according to some objective function originally addressed by $T$). Solving efficiently an ABSE problem is by now a classic algorithmic issue, since it conveys a very successful way of coping with a (transient) \emph{edge failure} in tree-based communication networks: just replace the failing edge with its respective swap edge, so as that the connectivity is promptly reestablished by minimizing the rerouting and set-up costs. In this paper, we solve the ABSE problem for the case in which $T$ is a \emph{single-source shortest-path tree} of $G$, and our two selected swap criteria aim to minimize either the \emph{maximum} or the \emph{average stretch} in the swap tree of all the paths emanating from the source. Having these criteria in mind, the obtained structures can then be reviewed as \emph{edge-fault-tolerant single-source spanners}. For them, we propose two efficient algorithms running in $O(m n +n^2 \log n)$ and $O(m n \log \alpha(m,n))$ time, respectively, and we show that the guaranteed (either maximum or average, respectively) stretch factor is equal to 3, and this is tight. Moreover, for the maximum stretch, we also propose an almost linear $O(m \log \alpha(m,n))$ time algorithm computing a set of \emph{good} swap edges, each of which will guarantee a relative approximation factor on the maximum stretch of $3/2$ (tight) as opposed to that provided by the corresponding BSE. Surprisingly, no previous results were known for these two very natural swap problems.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, SIROCCO 201

Kajian Sistem Drainase Patukangan-pegulon Kabupaten Kendal

Kecamatan Patukangan – Pegulon adalah kawasan indsutri dan Perumahan yang berada di pusat Kota Kendal. Permasalahan banjir menyebabkan potensi ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan tidak dapat berkembang. Sistem draianse yang tepat adalah salah satu alternatif untuk menanggulangi permasalahan banjir di wilayah Kecamatan Patukangan – Pegulon. Kajian sistem drainase meliputi perencanaan ulang dimensi saluran, pintu air, dan sistem pipa – pompa.Data curah hujan yang digunakan untuk Sungai Kendal adalah data curah hujan dari tahun 2000 sampai 2015 dengan menggunakan stasiun hujan Sedayu, Karangtengah, dan Kedugsari. Analisis debit banjir di Sungai Kendal menggunakan metode HSS Nakayasu dengan periode ulang 20 tahun dan diperoleh debit banjir sebesar 68,19 m3/s.. Analisis pengaruh backwater dari Laut Jawa menggunakan metode tahapan langsung. Pengaruh backwater hanya sampai pada jarak 5543,88 meter dari muara sungai. Jarak outlet saluran drainase dari muara sungai adalah 6096 meter, sehingga titik outlet tidak terpengaruh backwater.Debit banjir rencana pada saluran drainase didapatkan dengan rumus Mononobe dengan periode ulang 5 tahun dan diperoleh debit banjir rencana sebesar 4,8 m3/s. Berdasar debit banjir rencana ini, dimensi saluran drainase yang baru adalah : 1,0 x 1,0 m ; 0,9 x 0,7 m ; 0,7 x 0,7 m ; 0,8 x 0,7 m ; 1,6 x 1,5 m ; 1,0 x 0,7 m ; dan 1,3 x 1,0 m. Pintu air direncanakan pada titik outlet saluran karena elevasi muka air Sungai Kendal lebih tinggi dibandingkan elevasi muka air di saluran drainase, dengan elevasi muka air Sungai Kendal + 5,9 m dan elevasi muka air saluran drainase adalah + 4,63 m. Dimensi pintu air yang direncanakan adalah 1,6 x 1,5 m. Sistem pipa - pompa direncanakan berjumlah 3 buah dengan kapasitas tiap pompa adalah 2,0 m3/s dan diameter pipa adalah 0,5 m

Stanja Jπ = 2+ i 0+, T = 0 8Be na energijama pobuđenja oko 20 MeV

The 7Li(d, αα)n reaction induced by deuterons of an incident energy of 7 MeV has been used to excite the 8Be nucleus in the region of excitation energy Ex of about 20 MeV. Each of the obtained αα coincidence spectra was fitted by an incoherent sum of the Jπ=2+ and 0+, T=0 8Be levels at Ex=20.1 and 20.2 MeV, respectively. The results show that the experimental data are well fitted when the G values deduced for these levels are 0.90 and 0.70 MeV, respectively.Reakcija 7Li (d, αα) n inducirana deuteronima energije 7 MeV je iskorištena za proučavanje jezgre 8Be na energijama pobuđenja Ex oko 20 MeV. Koincidentni αα spektri poravnani su nekoherentnim zbrojem stanja Jπ = 2 + na Ex = 20, 1 MeV i Jπ = 0+ na Ex = 20,2 MeV. Rezultati pokazuju da su eksperimentalni podaci najbolje opisani ako se za širine navedenih stanja uzmu vrijednosti 0,90 MeV odnosno 0, 70 Me V

Stanja Jπ = 2+ i 0+, T = 0 8Be na energijama pobuđenja oko 20 MeV

The 7Li(d, αα)n reaction induced by deuterons of an incident energy of 7 MeV has been used to excite the 8Be nucleus in the region of excitation energy Ex of about 20 MeV. Each of the obtained αα coincidence spectra was fitted by an incoherent sum of the Jπ=2+ and 0+, T=0 8Be levels at Ex=20.1 and 20.2 MeV, respectively. The results show that the experimental data are well fitted when the G values deduced for these levels are 0.90 and 0.70 MeV, respectively.Reakcija 7Li (d, αα) n inducirana deuteronima energije 7 MeV je iskorištena za proučavanje jezgre 8Be na energijama pobuđenja Ex oko 20 MeV. Koincidentni αα spektri poravnani su nekoherentnim zbrojem stanja Jπ = 2 + na Ex = 20, 1 MeV i Jπ = 0+ na Ex = 20,2 MeV. Rezultati pokazuju da su eksperimentalni podaci najbolje opisani ako se za širine navedenih stanja uzmu vrijednosti 0,90 MeV odnosno 0, 70 Me V

Methanol synthesis: A distributed production concept based on biogas plants

Today biogas produced from anaerobic digestion is used mainly for thermic and electric energy production. Its use as raw material for syngas production and further upgrading to chemical products like methanol (MeOH), dimethyl ether (DME) or acetic acid could be an interesting option as process intensification. In this work the sustainability of a Biogas-to-MeOH (BtoMeOH) or Biogas-to-DME (BtoDME) process was studied. The biogas feedstock of the Combined Heat, Power and Chemicals (CHPC) is equivalent to the production of 1 MWe in a Combined Heat and Power Plant (CHP). Biogas is converted using a reformer into syngas to produce methanol. The plant was designed considering mild conditions for chemical production and the energy necessary to reactors was generated using a fraction of the inlet biogas. This process was studied using the Simulation Suite PRO/II\uae by Schneider-Electric Simulation Science. The reformer and the methanol reactor productivity were evaluated with the experimental data obtained through bench scale plants. An economic analysis was performed to assess the sustainability of these new processes, capital and operative costs of the plants were evaluated using the Guthrie\u2019s method. The Biogas-to-MeOH process can produce up to 297 kg h-1 of methanol with recycle. The biogas necessary to supply the energy demand of the plant is 192 kg h-1, a third of the inlet feedstock. For the Biogas-to-DME process the energy demand is similar while the DME production is 173 kg h-1. The preliminary economic evaluation shows that the main item for the capital costs are reactors and compressors and the breakeven point of both processes is 3 years. Despite the lower productivity, DME process is more convenient due to a higher market value

PP020—Effects of aripiprazole and risperidone on ventricular repolarization in children and adolescents

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Evaluation of acute cardiovascular effects of immediate-release methylphenidate in children and adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder is a frequent condition in children and often extends into adulthood. Use of immediate-release methylphenidate (MPH) has raised concerns about potential cardiovascular adverse effects within a few hours after administration. This study was carried out to investigate acute effects of MPH on electrocardiogram (ECG) in a pediatric population. A total of 54 consecutive patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (51 males and 3 females; mean age =12.14±2.6 years, range 6–19 years), receiving a new prescription of MPH, underwent a standard ECG 2 hours before and after the administration of MPH 10 mg per os. Basal and posttreatment ECG parameters, including mean QT (QT interval when corrected for heart rate [QTc]), QTc dispersion (QTd) interval duration, T-peak to T-end (TpTe) intervals, and TpTe/QT ratio were compared. Significant modifications of both QTc and QTd values were not found after drug administration. QTd fluctuated slightly from 25.7±9.3 milliseconds to 25.1±8.4 milliseconds; QTc varied from 407.6±12.4 milliseconds to 409.8±12.7 milliseconds. A significant variation in blood pressure (systolic blood pressure 105.4±10.3 vs 109.6±11.5; P<0.05; diastolic blood pressure 59.2±7.1 vs 63.1±7.9; P<0.05) was observed, but all the data were within normal range. Heart rate moved from 80.5±15.5 bpm to 87.7±18.8 bpm. No change in TpTe values was found, but a statistically significant increase in TpTe/QTc intervals was found with respect to basal values (0.207±0.02 milliseconds vs 0.214±0.02 milliseconds; P<0.01). The findings of this study show no significant changes in ECG parameters. TpTe values can be an additional parameter to evaluate borderline cases

PP178—Antiepileptic Drugs: Prescribing Patterns and Interaction Risk in General Practice

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