Cerium (IV) Oxide Reinforced Lithium-Borotellurite Glasses: A Characterization Study Through Physical, Optical, Structural and Radiation Shielding Properties

The purpose of this study was to characterize the structural, optical, and physical properties of various kinds of glasses based on the 50TeO2–30B2O3-(20-x)Li2O-xCeO2 system (x = 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20). Consequently, ten glass samples were produced by melting-annealing. Calculations of the densities of the synthesized glasses were performed using the Archimedes technique. The sample's structural, optical, physical, and radiation interaction properties were determined using XRD analysis, Raman spectroscopy, and advanced modelling techniques with FLUKA code, yielding optical band gap, refractive index, and Urbach energy values. By increasing the CeO2 reinforcement from 0 to 20 mol %, the glass densities rose from 4.0614 to 4.7519 g cm−3. The transmittance spectra of TBLC glasses were found in the range of 200–1100 nm. Our findings showed that the lowest Urbach energy belonged to the TBLC1 sample, and the highest Urbach energy belonged to the TBLC20 sample. When the CeO2 ratio was raised, the optical transmittance and absorption characteristics changed nearly monotonically, suggesting that these qualities may be calculated and controlled using the CeO2 additive, as shown in this experiment. By substituting CeO2 for Li2O inside the structure, it was possible to substantially enhance the optical band gap. Additionally, at simulated energies greater than 0.02 MeV, the gamma-ray linear attenuation coefficient rises monotonically with CeO2 reinforcement. Consequently, linear attenuation coefficients were reported as 125.843 cm−1, 127.601 cm−1, 129.211 cm−1, 132.312 cm−1, 135.166 cm−1, 138.705 cm−1, 141.288 cm−1, 156.690 cm−1, 172.393 cm−1, 186.811 cm−1 for TBLC0, TBLC0.5, TBLC1, TBLC2, TBLC3, TBLC4, TBLC5, TBL10, TBLC15 and TBLC20 at 0.015 MeV, respectively. It can be concluded that combination of high-concentration CeO2 and TeO2–B2O3 glass is an excellent synergetic tool for combining structural, optical, and radiation properties when combined with other materials. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.The research activity is supported by Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Scientific Research Council with grant number 202019D20

Physics at a 100 TeV pp collider: Higgs and EW symmetry breaking studies

This report summarises the physics opportunities for the study of Higgs bosons and the dynamics of electroweak symmetry breaking at the 100 TeV pp collider.Comment: 187 pages, 94 figures. Chapter 2 of the "Physics at the FCC-hh" Repor

Percutaneous Coronary Interventions Using a Ridaforolimus-Eluting Stent in Patients at High Bleeding Risk.

BACKGROUND: Patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention are often considered to be at a high bleeding risk (HBR). Drug-eluting stents have been shown to be superior to bare-metal stents in patients with HBR, even when patients were given abbreviated periods of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). Short DAPT has not been evaluated with the EluNIR ridaforolimus-eluting stent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a shortened period of DAPT following implantation of the ridaforolimus-eluting stent in patients with HBR. METHODS AND RESULTS: This was a prospective, multicenter, binational, single-arm, open-label trial. Patients were defined as HBR according to the LEADERS-FREE (Prospective Randomized Comparison of the BioFreedom Biolimus A9 Drug-Coated Stent versus the Gazelle Bare-Metal Stent in Patients at High Bleeding Risk) trial criteria. After percutaneous coronary intervention, DAPT was given for 1 month to patients presenting with stable angina. In patients presenting with an acute coronary syndrome, DAPT was given for 1 to 3 months, at the investigator's discretion. The primary end point was a composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, or stent thrombosis up to 1 year (Academic Research Consortium definite and probable). Three hundred fifteen patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention were enrolled, and 56.4% presented with acute coronary syndrome; 33.7% were receiving oral anticoagulation. At 1 year, the primary end point occurred in 15 patients (4.9%), meeting the prespecified performance goal of 14.1% (P<0.0001). Stent thrombosis (Academic Research Consortium definite and probable) occurred in 2 patients (0.6%). Bleeding Academic Research Consortium type 3 and 5 bleeding occurred in 6 patients (1.9%). CONCLUSIONS: We observed favorable results in patients with HBR who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with a ridaforolimus-eluting stent and received shortened DAPT, including a low rate of ischemic events and low rate of stent thrombosis. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT03877848

Structural Characterization and Gamma-Ray Attenuation Properties of Rice-Like α-TeO2 Crystalline Microstructures (CMS) Grown Rapidly on Free Surface of Tellurite-Based Glasses

In this study, we extensively analyzed the structural, physical and gamma-ray attenuation properties of α-TeO2 CMS, which has unexpectedly been observed as a part of Sm2O3 doped TeO2–B2O3–V2O5 glasses synthesis process. The shape of α-TeO2 CMS was obtained from SEM analyses. Moreover, EDX, XRD and Raman examinations were utilized for systematic characterization of α-TeO2 CMS. In addition to experimental physical and structural studies on α-TeO2 CMSs, gamma-ray attenuation properties were also determined and compared with Quartz and some novel glasses such as PNCKM5, C25, SCNZ7 along with some commercial glasses such as RS253, RS253G18, RS323G19, RS360, RS520 using FLUKA general-purpose Monte Carlo code. EDX results indicated that only Te and O elements were available in the α-TeO2 CMS. The finding showed that gamma-ray attenuation competencies of α-TeO2 CMS is higher than many novel and commercial glasses in addition to traditional concrete shields. It can be concluded that further comparison studies can be done between normal glass structure and α-TeO2 CMS (or similar) occurred glass structures in terms of better understanding the total gamma-ray attenuation and the effect of α-TeO2 CMS. © 2021 The Author(s).The authors thank Taif University Researchers Supporting Project number (TURSP-2020/12), Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia. The APC was covered by "Dunarea de Jos" University of Galati, Romania

Multi-Jet Event Rates in Deep Inelastic Scattering and Determination of the Strong Coupling Constant

Jet event rates in deep inelastic ep scattering at HERA are investigated applying the modified JADE jet algorithm. The analysis uses data taken with the H1 detector in 1994 and 1995. The data are corrected for detector and hadronization effects and then compared with perturbative QCD predictions using next-to-leading order calculations. The strong coupling constant alpha_S(M_Z^2) is determined evaluating the jet event rates. Values of alpha_S(Q^2) are extracted in four different bins of the negative squared momentum transfer~\qq in the range from 40 GeV2 to 4000 GeV2. A combined fit of the renormalization group equation to these several alpha_S(Q^2) values results in alpha_S(M_Z^2) = 0.117+-0.003(stat)+0.009-0.013(syst)+0.006(jet algorithm).Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, this version to appear in Eur. Phys. J.; it replaces first posted hep-ex/9807019 which had incorrect figure 4

Multiplicity Structure of the Hadronic Final State in Diffractive Deep-Inelastic Scattering at HERA

The multiplicity structure of the hadronic system X produced in deep-inelastic processes at HERA of the type ep -> eXY, where Y is a hadronic system with mass M_Y< 1.6 GeV and where the squared momentum transfer at the pY vertex, t, is limited to |t|<1 GeV^2, is studied as a function of the invariant mass M_X of the system X. Results are presented on multiplicity distributions and multiplicity moments, rapidity spectra and forward-backward correlations in the centre-of-mass system of X. The data are compared to results in e+e- annihilation, fixed-target lepton-nucleon collisions, hadro-produced diffractive final states and to non-diffractive hadron-hadron collisions. The comparison suggests a production mechanism of virtual photon dissociation which involves a mixture of partonic states and a significant gluon content. The data are well described by a model, based on a QCD-Regge analysis of the diffractive structure function, which assumes a large hard gluonic component of the colourless exchange at low Q^2. A model with soft colour interactions is also successful.Comment: 22 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Eur. Phys. J., error in first submission - omitted bibliograph

Differential (2+1) Jet Event Rates and Determination of alpha_s in Deep Inelastic Scattering at HERA

Events with a (2+1) jet topology in deep-inelastic scattering at HERA are studied in the kinematic range 200 < Q^2< 10,000 GeV^2. The rate of (2+1) jet events has been determined with the modified JADE jet algorithm as a function of the jet resolution parameter and is compared with the predictions of Monte Carlo models. In addition, the event rate is corrected for both hadronization and detector effects and is compared with next-to-leading order QCD calculations. A value of the strong coupling constant of alpha_s(M_Z^2)= 0.118+- 0.002 (stat.)^(+0.007)_(-0.008) (syst.)^(+0.007)_(-0.006) (theory) is extracted. The systematic error includes uncertainties in the calorimeter energy calibration, in the description of the data by current Monte Carlo models, and in the knowledge of the parton densities. The theoretical error is dominated by the renormalization scale ambiguity.Comment: 25 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables, submitted to Eur. Phys.

Measurements of Transverse Energy Flow in Deep-Inelastic Scattering at HERA

Measurements of transverse energy flow are presented for neutral current deep-inelastic scattering events produced in positron-proton collisions at HERA. The kinematic range covers squared momentum transfers Q^2 from 3.2 to 2,200 GeV^2, the Bjorken scaling variable x from 8.10^{-5} to 0.11 and the hadronic mass W from 66 to 233 GeV. The transverse energy flow is measured in the hadronic centre of mass frame and is studied as a function of Q^2, x, W and pseudorapidity. A comparison is made with QCD based models. The behaviour of the mean transverse energy in the central pseudorapidity region and an interval corresponding to the photon fragmentation region are analysed as a function of Q^2 and W.Comment: 26 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Eur. Phys.

Local Hadronic Calibration

The scheme of the hadronic calibration is discussed. Based on the cluster reconstruction an effective noise suppression is achieved. In a first step clusters are classified as electromagnetic or hadronic clusters. The weighting scheme to correct for the different e/pion response in the ATLAS calorimeter is presented. Dead material corrections and out of cluster corrections yield finally a signal which is rather close to the energy deposited by the final state particles in the ATLAS calorimeter. The constants and algorithms are derived from single pion MC studies and tested with jets. The validation of the scheme using testbeam data is presented as well

Searches at HERA for Squarks in R-Parity Violating Supersymmetry

A search for squarks in R-parity violating supersymmetry is performed in e^+p collisions at HERA at a centre of mass energy of 300 GeV, using H1 data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 37 pb^(-1). The direct production of single squarks of any generation in positron-quark fusion via a Yukawa coupling lambda' is considered, taking into account R-parity violating and conserving decays of the squarks. No significant deviation from the Standard Model expectation is found. The results are interpreted in terms of constraints within the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), the constrained MSSM and the minimal Supergravity model, and their sensitivity to the model parameters is studied in detail. For a Yukawa coupling of electromagnetic strength, squark masses below 260 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level in a large part of the parameter space. For a 100 times smaller coupling strength masses up to 182 GeV are excluded.Comment: 32 pages, 14 figures, 3 table