Some Generalizations of Riesz-Fisher Theorem

In the paper are obtained the generalizations of Housdorff-Young, Riesz and Paley type theorems with respect to uniformly orthonormed system for the case of the space L(p,q) with the mixed norm

The application of legal-statistical method in analysing manufacturing property’s institutional development

Purpose: The study defines the specifics and opportunities, that arise due to the application of statistical method in judicial research of manufacturing property. Design/Methodology/Approach: The authors put the ground of the study on the aggregation of a vast spectrum of statistical data and indicators of patent activity of leading countries in the sphere of technological innovation. Findings: The authors outlined the main tendencies of legal regulation of scientific and artistic results of intellectual property development and define the specifics and opportunities that arise due to the application of statistical method in judicial research of manufacturing property. Lack of coordination of approaches to protect manufacturing property on the international level, obstructs the development of patent activity amongst the members of the Paris Convention and significantly reduces the effectiveness of the current patent system. Practical implications: Authors' development could be utilized in future developments of Russian institute of manufacturing property and its legal framework. Originality/Value: The contribution of the article is the comprehensive analysis of legal background of intellectual property institute and its development prospects.peer-reviewe

Determination of the time-dependent reaction coefficient and the heat flux in a nonlinear inverse heat conduction problem

Diffusion processes with reaction generated by a nonlinear source are commonly encountered in practical applications related to ignition, pyrolysis and polymerization. In such processes, determining the intensity of reaction in time is of crucial importance for control and monitoring purposes. Therefore, this paper is devoted to such an identification problem of determining the time-dependent coefficient of a nonlinear heat source together with the unknown heat flux at an inaccessible boundary of a one-dimensional slab from temperature measurements at two sensor locations in the context of nonlinear transient heat conduction. Local existence and uniqueness results for the inverse coefficient problem are proved when the first three derivatives of the nonlinear source term are Lipschitz continuous functions. Furthermore, the conjugate gradient method (CGM) for separately reconstructing the reaction coefficient and the heat flux is developed. The ill-posedness is overcome by using the discrepancy principle to stop the iteration procedure of CGM when the input data is contaminated with noise. Numerical results show that the inverse solutions are accurate and stable

Influence of vesicourethral segment reconstruction techniques in radical prostatectomy on urinary continence: evaluation of immediate and long-term outcomes

Introduction. Currently, various methods and modifications of radical prostatectomy (RP) have been developed and tested, aimed at preventing and minimizing the development of urinary incontinence (UI). However, UI remains an urgent problem in patients who undergo RP, especially at the early follow-up stages.Objective. To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of modified reconstructive techniques for vesicourethral anastomosis in radical prostatectomy for the prevention of urinary incontinence with respect to the standard technique at different follow-up periods.Materials and methods. Design: single-centre, clinical, simple, comparative, parallel-group study with retrospective and prospective material evaluation, conducted in 2017 – 2022. Patients: men with verified prostate cancer cT1a – 2cN0 – xM0 without decompensated comorbidities. Age: 45 – 78 years. Retrospective part — group (G) 1: 90 patients who underwent non-nerve-sparing open retropubic RP with a "classic" vesicourethral anastomosis (VUA). Prospective part — G2: 46 patients who underwent similar surgery with modified VUA in two variations: without and with prostatic urethra-sparing — G2a (n = 25) and G2b (n = 21), respectively. Initial examination: standard preoperative laboratory and instrumental examination, assessment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) using the IPSS-QoL questionnaire. Follow-up examination: objective evaluation of UI according to established criteria and subjective assessment using the ICIQ-SF questionnaire, tracking the dynamics of LUTS using IPSS-QoL. Follow-up periods: 0-point (after catheter removal), 1, 3, 6, and 12 months (exit-point); the dynamics of recovery of urinary continence (UC) was determined monthly. Statistical analysis: Statistica ver.10.0 (StatSoft Inc., Tulsa, OK, USA) using non-parametric methods (CL p < 0.05 at a = 0.05)Results. Preoperative demographic, questionnaire and instrumental statistics did not differ (p > 0.05) between the groups, confirming the homogeneity of the samples. After RP, the urethral catheter was removed in a period of 7 to 21 days. There was no difference (p > 0.05) in the duration of drainage between the groups. Total urinary continence (TUC) immediately after catheter removal was detected in G1, G2a and G2b in 20.0%, 44.0% and 57.1% of cases, respectively. Subsequent objective monitoring of UC recovery from 1 month showed differences (p < 0.001) between the groups in the dynamics of rehabilitation during the year. The improvement in UC over the one-year follow-up period was cumulatively achieved in G1, G2a and G2b in 48.9%, 44.0% and 33.3% of cases, respectively. Total UI persisted in G1 and G2a by month 12 in 22.2% and 8.0% of patients, respectively, and was not detected in G2b. The severity of UI by the end of the follow-up according to the ICIQ-SF data was the most pronounced (p < 0.001) in patients from G1. TUC-patients in all groups from 1 month showed a marked decrease in the severity of obstructive and irritative LUTS and improved quality of life, with no differences (0.157 < p < 0.390) in IPSS-QoL values between groups.Conclusions. The use of modified VUA reconstruction techniques made it possible, compared with the standard one, to achieve high continence rates in patients both immediately after the removal of the urethral catheter and at subsequent follow-up periods, without the formation of severe iatrogenic obstruction. Prostatic urethra-sparing modification is the most effective technique that provided the rehabilitation of UI to a complete and/or social level in all patients within a year after surgery

DIAGNOSIS OF GROUPS OF ELECTRO-RADIO COMPONENTS ACCORDING TO THE TRANSIENT RESPONSES FOR THE DETECTION OF DEFECTS ON THE FUNCTIONAL CELLS

Objectives. A method for diagnosing electronic components with minimally complicated control and measuring instrumentation and the ability to obtain information from internal control points of operating units is developed. Methods. The developed method for control of groups of electronic components presupposes the passage of a controllable influence through a few control points, connected via several electronic components. In addition, each electronic component contributes its share to the transformation of the parameter output, so the discrepancy of its allowable values for the identification of defective electronic component are required to assess the implication of the expected value of the probable defect of each electronic component in the schema with the aim of isolating it. The faulty component in the electronic circuit is identified by the minimum estimated variance, by which the magnitude of the defect will match the expected value of the electronic component parameter. Results. As a result of the control no more than ten groups of electrical components on functional cell matrices can be assessed as having a defective element by comparing the calculated variance values for each electrical component and the corresponding electrical component parameter itself. Conclusion. Diagnosing groups of electric components on transient characteristics for the detection of defects in the functional cell matrices enables efficiency control operations improvement and troubleshooting in the search for modern electronic equipment reliability

The microbial load and the severity of morphological changes in the prostate during infection with various titers of uropathogens: a comparison of data from an animal model study

Introduction. It has been established in an animal model that coagulase-negative staphylococci (Staphylococcus haemolyticus) and anaerobes (Peptococcus niger) cause the development of an acute inflammatory process in the prostate when inoculated with 103 CFU/ml. At the same time, data have been published indicating the pathogenic potential of these microorganisms on a titer of 102 CFU/ml. But it was confirmed for the model of acute obstructive pyelonephritis. In addition, the characteristics of the formation of the inflammatory response at different times were determined, which require detailed verification and comparative characteristics with those during infection with a causative uropathogen (Escherichia coli).Objective. Based on the results of the experiment, to carry out: 1) an evaluation of the relationship between the dynamics of microbial load and the degree of pathomorphological changes in prostate tissues during infection with various uropathogens in a titer of 103 CFU/ml; 2) an evaluation of the degree of microbial load and severity of histological changes in prostate tissues on follow-up day 7 with transurethral infection with various uropathogens in a subpathogenic titer of 102 CFU/ml; 3) a fundamental comparative analysis of the indicators of contamination and the severity of inflammatory changes on follow-up day 7 after the inoculation of various uropathogens in titers of 102 and 103 CFU/ml.Materials and methods. The animal model was performed using the FELASA and ARRIVE guidelines. Lab animals: 20 New Zealand rabbits. Uropathogens: E. coli, S. haemolyticus, and P. niger. Infectious titers: 102.3 cfu/ml. Uropathogen inoculation technique: topical transurethral. Randomization: all laboratory animals were divided into 4 groups depending on the uropathogen (3 experimental, 1 control). Follow-up periods: day 1, 3, 7 and 14 for a titer of 103 CFU/ml, and day 7 for a titer of 102 CFU/ml. At the end of the follow-up, euthanasia and autopsy were performed with the extraction of the urogenital organ complex. Hereafter, biopsies were taken from various parts of the prostate. Cultural and histological studies of prostate tissues were carried out using standard methods. The results were analyzed using Statistica 10.2 (StatSoft Inc., Tulsa, OK, USA) and GraphPad Prism 9 (GraphPad Software Inc., Graphpad Holdings LLC, San Diego, CA, USA) programs through descriptive and nonparametric statistics.Results. Bacterial contamination of prostate tissue was determined in all cases of infection with differences (p < 0.05) in some indicators between the E. coli and P. niger groups at different observation periods, but only in the case of inoculation of the test titer of 103 CFU/ml. Histological evaluation of prostate tissues after inoculation with 103 CFU/ml verified the presence of acute destructive changes in the prostate from the follow-up day 1, which were more pronounced in the S. haemolyticus and E. coli groups. However, similar characteristics of the development of the inflammatory process in the form of hyper-eosinophilic infiltration in the early stages and pronounced congestion of the prostatic glands were identified in the S. haemolyticus and P. niger groups. Comparison of trends in dynamic changes of microbial load (rise / decline) and severity of pathological changes (increase / resolution) in prostate tissues in established follow-up periods showed the presence of relative synchronization of trends (from days 1 to 7) in the S. haemolyticus and P. niger groups, and complete synchronization in the E. coli group. When comparing the median microbial load of the prostate on the follow-up day 7, no intergroup (p > 0.05) differences were found both in cases of infection with a titer of 103 CFU/ml, and when compared with the data on contamination for a test titer of 102 CFU/ml, at the same time observations. At once, when E. coli and S. haemolyticus were infected at a subpathogenic titer of 102 CFU/ml, inflammatory changes were recorded that had a mild diffuse character, in relation to those after inoculation of these pathogens in a titer of 103 CFU/ml. In turn, P. niger induced the development of low-intensity focal alteration in isolated areas of prostate tissues.Conclusions. Detailed analysis of culture and histological data showed that E. coli, S. haemolyticus and P. niger have significant pathogenic potential at titer of 103 CFU/ml. In turn, when the titer decreases to 102 CFU/ml, E. coli and S. haemolyticus retain their pathogenic potential, but the severity of the inflammatory reaction is significantly reduced. It was also found that a change in bacterial contamination affects the severity of the inflammatory process in all groups during seven follow-up days at a given test titer

PHASES High Precision Differential Astrometry of delta Equulei

delta Equulei is among the most well-studied nearby binary star systems. Results of its observation have been applied to a wide range of fundamental studies of binary systems and stellar astrophysics. It is widely used to calibrate and constrain theoretical models of the physics of stars. We report 27 high precision differential astrometry measurements of delta Equulei from the Palomar High-precision Astrometric Search for Exoplanet Systems (PHASES). The median size of the minor axes of the uncertainty ellipses for these measurements is 26 micro-arcseconds. These data are combined with previously published radial velocity data and other previously published differential astrometry measurements using other techniques to produce a combined model for the system orbit. The distance to the system is determined to within a twentieth of a parsec and the component masses are determined at the level of a percent. The constraints on masses and distance are limited by the precisions of the radial velocity data; we outline plans improve this deficiency and discuss the outlook for further study of this binary.Comment: Accepted by AJ. Complete versions of tables 2-7 now available at http://stuff.mit.edu/~matthew1/deltaEquTables/ (removed from astroph server

DEFINITION OF PRODUCTS AND OUTPUT PYROLYSIS AND GASIFICATION DURING THE HEAT PROCESSING OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES AND WASTE

Developed a method of yield and composition of pyrolysis gas gasification of solid carbonaceous residue in the process of thermal processing of organic substances.Разработана методика выхода и состава пиролизного газа газификации твердого углеродистого остатка в процессе термической переработки органосодержащих веществ

Гидрофобизация и упрочнение целлюлозных материалов из вторичных ресурсов

The influence of the sizing agent and filler on the physical-mechanical and surface properties of paper from the cellulose mass of the inner layer of the bark of mulberry tree branches has been studied. According to standard methods, the mechanical strength and absorbency were studied. Surface absorbency for one-side wetting was determined by the method of Cobb(30), by determining the mass of water absorbed by the paper surface when wetting one side of the test sample. It was found that it is advisable to add a sizing agent in the range from 1 to 1.5 g per 100 g of dry cellulose raw materials, since an increase in the additive to 2 g helps to reduce the interfiber bonding forces by 21 %. The addition of 6 g of kaolin affects the distance between the fibers, which reduces the mechanical adhesive forces by 12.5 %. During the analysis of the surface properties of paper samples, the sizing efficiency was found to be from 22.5 to 30 % with an increase in the addition of sizing glue, which can be explained by densification of the structure, which prevents the penetration of aqueous solutions. The addition of 2 to 6 g of kaolin also increases water resistance from 17.5 to 25 %. With the help of a mathematical model, rational values of absorbency were revealed with a composition of 92 %, with a sizing agent of 1.5 g and an amount of filler of 4 g. The resulting mathematical model can be used as the basis for controlling the surface characteristics of paper during its production.Исследовано влияние проклеивающего вещества и наполнителя на физико-механические и поверхностные свойства бумаги из целлюлозной массы внутреннего слоя коры веток тутового дерева. По стандартным методикам изучены механическая прочность и впитывающая способность. Поверхностную впитываемость при одностороннем смачивании определяли по методу Кобб(30), путем определения массы воды, поглощенной поверхностью бумаги при смачивании одной стороны испытуемого образца. Выявлено, что целесообразно добавление проклеивающего вещества в пределах от 1 до 1,5 г на 100 г сухого целлюлозного сырья, так как увеличение добавки до 2 г способствует уменьшению межволоконных сил связи на 21 %. Добавление каолина в количестве 6 г влияет на расстояние между волокнами, что уменьшает механические силы сцепления на 12,5 %. В ходе анализа поверхностных свойств образцов бумаги определена эффективность проклейки от 22,5 до 30 % с увеличением проклеивающего вещества, что можно объяснить уплотнением структуры, которая препятствует проникновению водных растворов. Добавление каолина от 2 до 6 г также повышает стойкость к воде от 17,5 до 25 %. С помощью математической модели показаны рациональные значения впитывающей способности при составе бумажной массы 92 % при проклеивающем веществе 1,5 г и количестве наполнителя 4 г. Полученная математическая модель может быть положена в основу управления поверхностных характеристик бумаги в процессе ее производства

Multi-stage urethroplasy for anterior urethral strictures: objective parameters of long-term efficacy and patient-reported outcomes

Introduction. Multi-stage urethral surgery is used in cases of the most complex urethral strictures. The evaluation of surgical treatment results given by patients is a significant criterion for the efficacy of urethroplasty along with the assessment of urethral patency through instrumental examinations.Objective. To evaluate the long-term efficacy of multistage urethroplasty for complex anterior urethral strictures considering the patients' quality of life and satisfaction with the surgical outcomes.Materials and methods. The study included 73 patients aged 18 – 84 years with anterior urethral strictures who underwent multi-stage urethroplasty in 2010 – 2019. Surgical and functional outcomes of urethroplasty were assessed through general blood and urine tests, physical examination, uroflowmetry, and retrograde urethrography and urethroscopy in case of urinary disorders.  Subjective parameters of treatment efficacy were studied using questionnaires: International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS); Quality of life (QoL); Patient-reported Outcome Measure for Urethral Stricture Surgery (USS-PROM); Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I).Results. Recurrent urethral stricture was detected in 19 (26,0%) patients with the average follow-up period being 65 months. Independent urination was restored in 71 (97.3%) cases, including repeated interventions. After surgery, there was a significant increase in urinary flow rate parameters (Q max: 8.1 vs 19.1 ml/s, p < 0.0001; Q ave: 5.5 vs 10.7 ml/s; p = 0.0004), decrease in residual urine volume (62.4 vs 18.6 ml, p < 0.0001), decrease in total IPSS score (18.7 vs 5.7 points; p < 0.0001) and QoL index (4.3 vs 1 .8 points, p < 0.0001). A comparative analysis of preoperative and postoperative USS-PROM questionnaire results demonstrated an improvement in indicators assessing LUTS (12.9 vs 3.4 points; p < 0.0001; 3.6 vs 1.7 points; p < 0.0001), and urination-associated quality of life (2.6 vs 0.6 points; p < 0.0001) and overall health (EQ-5D index: 0.73 vs 0.91 points; p = 0.025; EQ-VAS: 68.0 vs 88.1 points, p = 0.004). Fifty-seven (81.4%) men were “very satisfied” or “satisfied” with the treatment outcomes, while nine (12.9%) respondents noted a moderate effect of residual urinary disorders on the quality of life. Significantly higher satisfaction was observed among cystostomy patients and in cases where repeated interventions were unnecessary.Conclusion. Multi-stage urethroplasty for complex anterior urethral strictures achieves efficacy in 97.3% of cases and is accompanied by high levels of quality of life and patient’s satisfaction during long-term follow-up