Interference of Malay Manado Language Toward Indonesian Language by Students' Speech in Gorontalo State University

Interference of Malay Manado Language in Formal Spoken Indonesian Language:  “A Case Study at Indonesian Language Studies, Gorontalo State University†.This research aims to elaborate the kinds of interference in Malay Manado Language toward Indonesian Language on students’ speech in class discussion performance and to describe the most frequent of interference that students produced in class discussion performance by students in Indonesian Language Studies. Besides, the purpose of this research is to disclose the students deal with the interference on their speech in class discussion performance.The research was conducted in Indonesian Language Studies, Gorontalo State University. The data were collected from students’ speech in class discussion performance by using recording technique. The samples were 30 respondents. Two methods in analyzing data, namely descriptive quantitative and qualitative methods. There are three kinds of interference that students produced on students’ speech in class discussion performance namely phonological interference, morphological interference, and lexical interference. Firstly, in phonological interference can be categorized into assimilation, merger colescence or diftong, syncope, apocope, compression, and vowel modification. In morphological interference, they produced prefix addition, imperative form, reduplication, compounding form, and negation form. In Lexical interference, they created nine types of interference namely verb, noun, adjective, pronoun, adverb, question form, language particle, possesive, and preposition. Secondly, the most frequent type of interference on students’ speech in class discussion performance is lexical interference. It is about 193 in the percentage 59.38 %. Lastly, there are some factors that causing interference  on students’ speech. They are, bilingualism, the lack of using Indonesian Language,  needs for synonyms and the last is students’ high prestige

Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berupa Modul Basics English Grammar untuk Mahasiswa Tadris Bahasa Inggris Fitk IAIN Sultan Amai Gorontalo

Tujuan penelitian ini dirancang untuk: (1) Mengembangkan Bahan Ajar berbentuk modul Basics English Grammar untuk mahasiswa Tadris Bahasa Inggris FITK IAIN Sultan Amai Gorontalo; (2) Mengetahui kelayakan Bahan Ajar berbentuk modul Basics English Grammar untuk mahasiswa Tadris Bahasa Inggris FITK IAIN Sultan Amai Gorontalo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan (Research and Development). Desain penelitian yang digunakan mengacu pada model pengembangan four-D (4D) models dengan empat tahapan pokok yaitu, (1) Define; (2) Design; (3) Develop; (4) Disseminate. Hasil riset ini berupa : (1) Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Berbentuk Modul Basic English Grammar sesuai dengan model pengembangan four-D models. Define, diperoleh hasil bahwa mahasiswa membutuhkan bahan ajar yang dapat meningkatkan kompetensi mahasiswa, serta membantu belajar mandiri. Design, diperoleh hasil bahan ajar yang sesuai kebutuhan mahasiswa berupa modul Basic English Grammar. Develop, dilakukan validasi oleh ahli, revisi sesuai saran ahli, serta uji coba pengembangan di semester 3 Tadris Bahasa Inggris. Disseminate, dilakukan penyebaran modul kepada mahasiswa Tadris Bahasa Inggris (2) Kelayakan Bahan Ajar Berbentuk Modul berdasarkan penilaian: ahli materi diperoleh rerata skor 3,93 (layak), ahli media diperoleh rerata skor 4,02 (layak), dan praktisi pembelajaran/dosen pengampu mata kuliah Grammar diperoleh rerata skor 4,03 (layak); (3) Penilaian mahasiswa terhadap Bahan Ajar Berbentuk Modul Basic English Grammar diperoleh rerata skor 4,33 (sangat layak)

Low Leakage Current by Solution Processed PTAA-ZnO Transparent Hybrid Hetero-Junction Device

In this work solution processed novel poly-triarylamine (PTAA) organic p-type active layer on inorganic n-ZnO device transparency and electrical properties are investigated under illumination. Low cost organic-inorganic transparent hybrid hetero-junction (HHJ) is a promising candidate for next-generation photovoltaic applications. Greater band gap organic material window layer while inorganic material’s higher thermal stability as HHJ is suitable for detection and photovoltaic applications. However, hetero-interface defects associated leakage current is the key issue of undermining large-area device electrical performance. Hetero-interface defect associated carriers optical absorption limits transparency whereas leakage current density is reliant on physical property and band barrier effect. It is demanded to investigate hetero-device physical stuff and band barrier effect on electrical properties. Novel PTAA is deposited on RF-sputtered inorganic n-ZnO/ITO/glass substrate by spin-coating method. 100 and 60 nm PTAA thin films are deposited with 1,000 and 2,000 revolution per minute (rpm) growth sequence, respectively. PTAA as a transparent p-emitter is shown to absorb incident light beyond visible band, thereby it has promoted excitonic effect. Device I−V characterization carried out at different annealing temperatures and applied voltage. Suitable annealing condition leakage current is shown to reduce nearly 10-4A/cm2 and at higher applied field the greater rectifying I(+)/I(-) ratio is realized. Grain size is shown to increase with annealing effect however; leakage current is remained almost independent of grain size

Tailoring the surface properties of carbon nitride incorporated thin film nanocomposite membrane for forward osmosis desalination

Thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes incorporated with carbon nitride (CN) or protonated CN (pCN) were fabricated for forward osmosis (FO) desalination. The CN and pCN were incorporated within the polyamide (PA) layer which was supported by pCN incorporated polysulfone (PSf) substrate to form the TFN membrane. It was found that the presence of pCN in the substrate has favourably altered the intrinsic properties and affected the formation of PA layer. The physico-chemical characterizations indicated that the presence of both CN and pCN enhanced the surface hydrophilicity but reduced the surface negativity of the PA layer. These features have resulted in the improved water transport and salt rejective ability. As a result, CN-pCN-TFN membranes exhibited improved water permeability by about 70% (0.67 L/m2 h bar) compared to TFC membrane while maintaining salt rejection of 94.5%. CN-pCN-TFN also exhibited better anti-fouling property compared to TFC in which the flux decline was only half of that of TFC membrane during the 9 -h antifouling test. This work demonstrates the feasibility of using functional CN and pCN to independently tailor the substrate and PA layer properties of the TFN membrane, hence improving the desalination performances of the membrane

Taste Profiling Of Centella Asiatica By A Taste Sensor.

The usage of herbal products is currently on the rise because of their vast therapeutis potential

Modelling and PID value search for antilock braking system (ABS) of a passenger vehicle

This paper presents the methodologies use in determining the PID value of an Antilock Brake System (ABS) of a Malaysian made passenger vehicle. The research work involves experimental work for data acquisitions, development of braking model, parameter tuning for both simulation model parameter and PID values search. A Malaysian made car is equipped with instrumentation used to collect vehicle behaviour during normal and hard braking manoeuvres. The data collected are the vehicle’s stopping distance and longitudinal speed. The data during the normal braking are used to validate a two degree of freedom (2 DOF) of vehicle’s braking model, while the data collected during the hard braking are used to search for the PID value used to control the operation of the ABS system. The developed simulation model of a braking system correlates well with the experimental data and the tuning done on the PID algorithm indicates that the ABS is controlled by the PI system

Mini review on the preservatives for Natural Rubber Latex (NRL)

Natural rubber latex (NRL) harvested from the Hevea Brasiliense tree contains colloidal rubber particles, carbohydrates, and various plant proteins. The non-rubber substances in NRL lead to spontaneous coagulation that cause the rubber to rot within 3-5 hours. Many chemicals are used for the preservation of NRL to suppress spontaneous coagulation and putrefaction and improve the stability of the latex for long-term storage. Ammonia (NH3) is the most commonly used and most effective preservative of NRL. However, it has the potential to cause health problems. Recently several naturally occurring substances, synthetic chemicals, and nanomaterials have been introduced to NRL for preservation purposes. These preservatives are reviewed and their advantages and disadvantages are summarized in this mini-review

A systematic review of grid-connected photovoltaic and photovoltaic/thermal systems : benefits, challenges and mitigation

Solar energy is the powerhouse where all potential and classified renewable energies lug their sources. The energy transformation from the Sun to electricity requires an adequate control scheme to maximise the generated power and enhance the system efficiency. Besides, more than half of solar irradiation on conventional Photovoltaic (PV) panels is lost. The PV thermal (PV/T) modules have been introduced to convert the lost irradiation to heat. Thus, a systematic review of system components, development, and strategies for grid-connected solar PVs plants is presented. Two solar PVs, traditional PV and PV/T, are evaluated. Each grid-tied PV component is considered a subsystem to analyse the potential improvement of grid-connected PVs. This is from solar resources to grid-tied PV inverter techniques. An intensive assessment of the system improvements is presented to evaluate PV plants’ benefits, challenges, and potential solutions. The improvement trends for the novel generation of grid-connected PV systems consist of applying innovative approaches. It is also found that intelligent strategies optimally ensure the overall efficiency of grid-tied PVs using real-time control and measurement under innovative applications and technologies. These methods effectively assist in enhancing grid-tied diverse solar power approaches. Therefore, this paper would offer a significant foundation for advanced research into the subject of grid-tied PV and PV/T and their innovation and/or technology development.https://journals.sagepub.com/home/EAEhj2024Electrical, Electronic and Computer EngineeringSDG-07:Affordable and clean energ

Development of a computer simulation on road pricing strategy to reduce congestion and carbon dioxide emission: A system dynamics approach

Road congestion influences the quality of lifestyle for urban areas including Kuala Lumpur, the capital city of Malaysia. It is predicted that the demand for mobility in the city will be increased tremendously in the next ten years. Consequently, this problem has contributed to air pollution caused by carbon dioxide emissions. One of the solutions suggested by the expertise is road pricing via a direct charge to drivers who use the road during peak hours. In this regard, this research aims to develop a computer simulation based on a system dynamic approach for mitigating congestion and carbon dioxide emission via a road pricing strategy. Firstly, the identified variables were correlated to understand the behavior of the system. Subsequently, the correlated variables were embedded in the stock-flow diagram based on the system dynamics approach to investigate how a variable affects another variable. Then, the developed model was simulated for evaluating the impact of road pricing strategy in reducing congestion and carbon dioxide emission. As a result, the emission of carbon dioxide can be reduced to 6 percent in six days if road pricing is implemented. From the managerial perspective, this research helps highway stakeholders in Malaysia towards making a better decision in enforcing road pricing strategy in the fast-moving city for a better lifestyle and environment

GEOSPATIAL APPROACH FOR LANDSLIDE ACTIVITY ASSESSMENT AND MAPPING BASED ON VEGETATION ANOMALIES

Remote sensing has been widely used for landslide inventory mapping and monitoring. Landslide activity is one of the important parameters for landslide inventory and it can be strongly related to vegetation anomalies. Previous studies have shown that remotely sensed data can be used to obtain detailed vegetation characteristics at various scales and condition. However, only few studies of utilizing vegetation characteristics anomalies as a bio-indicator for landslide activity in tropical area. This study introduces a method that utilizes vegetation anomalies extracted using remote sensing data as a bio-indicator for landslide activity analysis and mapping. A high-density airborne LiDAR, aerial photo and satellite imagery were captured over the landslide prone area along Mesilau River in Kundasang, Sabah. Remote sensing data used in characterizing vegetation into several classes of height, density, types and structure in a tectonically active region along with vegetation indices. About 13 vegetation anomalies were derived from remotely sensed data. There were about 14 scenarios were modeled by focusing in 2 landslide depth, 3 main landslide types with 3 landslide activities by using statistical approach. All scenarios show that more than 65% of the landslides are captured within 70% of the probability model indicating high model efficiency. The predictive model rate curve also shows that more than 45% of the independent landslides can be predicted within 30% of the probability model. This study provides a better understanding of remote sensing data in extracting and characterizing vegetation anomalies induced by hillslope geomorphology processes in a tectonically active region in Malaysia