Operator-based nonlinear feedback control design using robust right coprime factorization

In this note, robust stabilization and tracking performance of operator based nonlinear feedback control systems are studied by using robust right coprime factorization. Specifically, a new condition of robust right coprime factorization of nonlinear systems with unknown bounded perturbations is derived. Using the new condition, a broader class of nonlinear plants can be controlled robustly. When the spaces of the nonlinear plant output and the reference input are different, a space change filter is designed, and in this case this note considers tracking controller design using the exponential iteration theorem

Tracking of perturbed nonlinear plants using robust right coprime factorization approach

This paper deals with a plant output tracking design problem of perturbed nonlinear plants by using a robust right coprime factorization approach. An interesting control system design scheme, which was given by G. Chen and Z. Han, uses robustness of the right coprime factorization for robust stability of the closed-loop system with perturbation. Unfortunately, robust right coprime factorization cannot easily improve tracking performance of the control system except for simple cases. In this paper, a nonlinear operator-based design method for nonlinear plant output to track a reference input is given. Examples are presented to support the theoretical analysis.</p

On-line actuator state monitoring of a MIMO bioprocess

In the actuator state monitoring of a time varying human multi-joint arm dynamics, typical issues are compounded by problems related to the uncertainty factor consisting of measurement noises and modeling error of the rigid body dynamics. In general, the uncertainty factor is under the case of non-Gaussian noises. In this paper, for improving the monitoring, a robust filter system based on a score function approach is modified. The score function is associated with U_D factorization algorithm. The selection of the shape parameter in the monitoring filter is discussed. Examples of the proposed method for an experiment-based human arm model show better accuracy and robustness compared with standard Kalman filter.</p

Mechanical homeostasis of liver sinusoid is involved in the initiation and termination of liver regeneration

Organogenesis and regeneration are fundamental for developmental progress and are associated with morphogenesis, size control and functional properties for whole-body homeostasis. The liver plays an essential role in maintaining homeostasis of the entire body through various functions, including metabolic functions, detoxification, and production of bile, via the three-dimensional spatial arrangement of hepatic lobules and has high regenerative capacity. The regeneration occurs as hypertrophy, which strictly controls the size and lobule structure. In this study, we established a three-dimensional sinusoidal network analysis method and determined valuable parameters after partial hepatectomy by comparison to the static phase of the liver. We found that mechanical homeostasis, which is crucial for organ morphogenesis and functions in various phenomena, plays essential roles in liver regeneration for both initiation and termination of liver regeneration, which is regulated by cytokine networks. Mechanical homeostasis plays critical roles in the initiation and termination of organogenesis, tissue repair and organ regeneration in coordination with cytokine networks

Analysis of the Change in Dominant Phytoplankton Species in Unstratified Lake Oshima-Ohnuma Estimated by a Bottle Incubation Experiment

1996年5?7月に、渡島大沼において、優占植物プランクトンの細胞密度を測定し、さらにボトル培養実験によりそれらの成長速度を見積り、春から夏への植物プランクトン優占種変化に関わる要因を明らかにすることを試みた。4、5月にAsterionella gracillimaが優占種となったが、その成長速度は5月には比較的低く、その後、細胞密度が低下し、この主な原因は栄養塩の不足であることが示唆された。6月後半からMelosira gramulataの成長速度が増加し、優占種となった。M.gramulataは水深6mでも成長速度が高いことから、深層で生存できることと、湖が成層を形成しないことで再懸濁により有光層に存在できる状況が同種の成長に適していることが考えられた

Real-world evidence of the impact of obesity on residual teeth in the Japanese population : A cross-sectional study

Background:Tooth loss is associated with nutritional status and significantly affects quality of life, particularly in older individuals. To date, several studies reveal that a high BMI is associated with tooth loss. However, there is a lack of large-scale studies that examined the impact of obesity on residual teeth with respect to age and tooth positions.Objective:We assessed the impact of obesity on the number and position of residual teeth by age groups using large scale of Japanese database.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study of 706150 subjects that were included in the database that combined the data from health insurance claims and health check-up, those lacking information about BMI, HbA1c level, smoking status, and the number of residual teeth were excluded. Thus, a total of 233517 aged 20-74 years were included. Subjects were classified into 4 categories based on BMI, and the number of teeth was compared between age-groups. The percentage of subjects with residual teeth in each position was compared between groups with obesity (BMI ≥25.0 kg/m2) and non-obesity. Logistic regression analysis was performed to clarify whether obesity predicts having <24 teeth.Results:Higher BMI was associated with fewer teeth over 40s (P for trend <0.0001 when <70s). Obesity was associated with the reduction of residual teeth in the maxillary; specifically, the molars were affected over the age 30. Smoking status further affected tooth loss at positions that were not affected by obesity alone. After adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, and HbA1c ≥6.5%, obesity remained an independent predictive factor for having <24 teeth (ORs: 1.35, 95% CIs: 1.30-1.40).Conclusions:We found that an increase in BMI was associated with a decrease in the number of residual teeth from younger ages independently of smoking status and diabetes in the large scale of Japanese database

Second nationwide surveillance of bacterial pathogens in patients with acute uncomplicated cystitis conducted by Japanese Surveillance Committee from 2015 to 2016: antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus

The Japanese Surveillance Committee conducted a second nationwide surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of uropathogens responsible for acute uncomplicated cystitis (AUC) in premenopausal patients aged 16–40 years old at 31 hospitals throughout Japan from March 2015 to February 2016. In this study, the susceptibility of causative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus saprophyticus) for various antimicrobial agents was investigated by isolation and culturing of organisms obtained from urine samples. In total, 324 strains were isolated from 361 patients, including E. coli (n = 220, 67.9%), S. saprophyticus (n = 36, 11.1%), and K. pneumoniae (n = 7, 2.2%). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 20 antibacterial agents for these strains were determined according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) manual. At least 93% of the E. coli isolates showed susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins, whereas 100% of the S. saprophyticus isolates showed susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides. The proportions of fluoroquinolone-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli strains were 6.4% (13/220) and 4.1% (9/220), respectively. The antimicrobial susceptibility of K. pneumoniae was retained during the surveillance period, while no multidrug-resistant strains were identified. In summary, antimicrobial susceptibility results of our second nationwide surveillance did not differ significantly from those of the first surveillance. Especially the numbers of fluoroquinolone-resistant and ESBL-producing E. coli strains were not increased in premenopausal patients with AUC in Japan

Cardiovascular Malformations in CHARGE Syndrome with DiGeorge Phenotype: Two Case Reports

Both CHARGE syndrome and DiGeorge anomaly are frequently accompanied by cardiovascular malformations. Some specific cardiovascular malformations such as interrupted aortic arch type B and truncus arteriosus are frequently associated with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, while conotruncal defects and atrioventricular septal defects are overrepresented in patients with CHARGE syndrome. CHD7 gene mutation is identified in approximately two-thirds of patients with CHARGE syndrome, and chromosomal microdeletion at 22q11.2 is found in more than 95% of patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. CHARGE syndrome is occasionally accompanied by DiGeorge phenotype. We report two patients with dysmorphic features of both CHARGE syndrome and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Although both of the two cases did not have 22q11.2 deletion, they had typical dysmorphic features of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome including cardiovascular malformations such as interrupted aortic arch type B. They also had characteristic features of CHARGE syndrome including ear malformation, genital hypoplasia, limb malformation, and endocrinological disorders. CHD7 gene mutation was confirmed in one of the two cases. When a patient with cardiovascular malformations frequently associated with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome does not have 22q11.2 deletion, we suggest that associated malformations characteristic of CHARGE syndrome should be searched for