An Empirical Study of Consumer Buying Behaviour Towards Organised Retailing

The main objective of this study is to examine the consumer buying behaviour and to identify the factors involving in purchase decisions in organized retail sector. In order to establish a structure for consumer behaviour research towards organised retail, it is helpful to begin the study by taking into consideration different models and theories of consumer behaviour given by a number of authors.  Under this article the researcher tried to identify a set of dimensions in the literature which can be used to exemplify and differentiate the various viewpoints on consumer behaviour research. During 1960s the consumer behaviour emerges as a different field of research and was characterized by two different aspects, the positivist and the non-positivist. The positivist model covers the economic, behavioural, cognitive, motivational, attitudinal, qualitative and situational perspectives; these aspects are referred to as the traditional models as they occur before the development of non-positivist models.The positivist factor, which is still the dominant factor, accentuates the dominance of human cause and that there is a single, objective fact that can be exposed by science. This paradigm regards the world as a rational and ordered place with a clearly defined past, present, and future. The assumption of rationalism is therefore fundamental to the traditional perspective

Istodobna pojava visceralne lingvatuloze i paratuberkuloze u križane alpske koze (Capra hircus).

Concurrent visceral linguatulosis and paratuberculosis was diagnosed in five Alpine Cross goats (Capra hircus). Severe, gross and histopathological changes wereobserved, with the occurrence of multibacillary paratuberculosis and parasite-induced damage. The PCR-based technique was employed, using IS 900, to confirm paratuberculosis, and light, stereo- and scanning electron-microscopy were carried out to study the third-instar larvae of Linguatula serrata, Frohlich, 1789. The morphological changes were mainly in the intestines and mesenteric lymph nodes and paratuberculosis-associated lesions were principally of a diffuse multibacillary type, with a severe granulomatous reaction, consisting of macrophages laden with large numbers of acid-fast bacilli and variously sized cyst-like spaces in the lymph nodes, histologically associated with the moth-eaten appearance of the parenchyma. Severely oedematous and haemorrhagic lymph nodes, having areas of calcification with profuse numbers of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map), seemed to be characteristic of the concurrent occurrences of the diseases. The present investigation suggests that the parasite, being lymphovorous, might predispose to the multibacillary form of paratuberculosis.Istovremena pojava visceralne lingvatuloze i paratuberkuloze dijagnosticirana je u pet križanih alpskih koza (Capra hircus). Patomorfološki i patohistološki ustanovljena je multibacilarna paratuberkuloza i promjene uzrokovane parazitima. Paratuberkuloza je dokazana lančanom reakcijom polimerazom upotrebom IS 900. Metode svjetlosne mikroskopije, stereoelektronske mikroskopije i skenirajuće elektronske mikroskopije rabljene su pri determinaciji ličinki trećeg stupnja petoustaša Linguatula serrata, Frohlich, 1789. Morfološke promjene pretežito su bile dokazane u crijevima i mezenterijskim limfnim čvorovima. Oštećenja uzrokovana paratuberkulozom bila su uglavnom difuznog multibacilarnoga tipa s jakom granulomatoznom reakcijom koja se očitovala pojavom mnoštva makrofaga, velikim brojem acidorezistentnih štapića, promjenama različite veličine sličnima cistama u limfnim čvorovima te nekrotičnim praznim područjima u parenhimu. Izrazito edematozni i hemoragični limfni čvorovi s kalcificiranim područjima i velikim brojem mikroba Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) osnovna su značajka istodobne pojave ovih dviju bolesti. Istraživanje upućuje na zaključak da je limfovorni parazit Linguatula serrata predisponirajući čimbenik za pojavu multibacilarne paratubekuloze

PAWS: A performance evaluation tool for parallel computing systems

A description is given of PAWS (parallel assessment window system), a set of tools that provides an interactive user-friendly environment for analysis of existing, prototype, and conceptual machine architectures running a common application. PAWS consists of an application tool, an architectural characterization tool, a performance assessment tool, and an interactive graphical display tool. The application characterization tool provides a facility for evaluating the level and degree of an application's parallelism. The architecture characterization tool allows users to create, store, and retrieve descriptions of machines in a database. This approach permits users to evaluate conceptual machines before building any hardware. The performance assessment tool generates profile plots through the interactive graphical display tool. It shows both the ideal parallelism inherent in the machine-independent dataflow graph and

Effects of a high-dose 24-h infusion of tranexamic acid on death and thromboembolic events in patients with acute gastrointestinal bleeding (HALT-IT): an international randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Background: Tranexamic acid reduces surgical bleeding and reduces death due to bleeding in patients with trauma. Meta-analyses of small trials show that tranexamic acid might decrease deaths from gastrointestinal bleeding. We aimed to assess the effects of tranexamic acid in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding. Methods: We did an international, multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled trial in 164 hospitals in 15 countries. Patients were enrolled if the responsible clinician was uncertain whether to use tranexamic acid, were aged above the minimum age considered an adult in their country (either aged 16 years and older or aged 18 years and older), and had significant (defined as at risk of bleeding to death) upper or lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Patients were randomly assigned by selection of a numbered treatment pack from a box containing eight packs that were identical apart from the pack number. Patients received either a loading dose of 1 g tranexamic acid, which was added to 100 mL infusion bag of 0·9% sodium chloride and infused by slow intravenous injection over 10 min, followed by a maintenance dose of 3 g tranexamic acid added to 1 L of any isotonic intravenous solution and infused at 125 mg/h for 24 h, or placebo (sodium chloride 0·9%). Patients, caregivers, and those assessing outcomes were masked to allocation. The primary outcome was death due to bleeding within 5 days of randomisation; analysis excluded patients who received neither dose of the allocated treatment and those for whom outcome data on death were unavailable. This trial was registered with Current Controlled Trials, ISRCTN11225767, and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01658124. Findings: Between July 4, 2013, and June 21, 2019, we randomly allocated 12 009 patients to receive tranexamic acid (5994, 49·9%) or matching placebo (6015, 50·1%), of whom 11 952 (99·5%) received the first dose of the allocated treatment. Death due to bleeding within 5 days of randomisation occurred in 222 (4%) of 5956 patients in the tranexamic acid group and in 226 (4%) of 5981 patients in the placebo group (risk ratio [RR] 0·99, 95% CI 0·82–1·18). Arterial thromboembolic events (myocardial infarction or stroke) were similar in the tranexamic acid group and placebo group (42 [0·7%] of 5952 vs 46 [0·8%] of 5977; 0·92; 0·60 to 1·39). Venous thromboembolic events (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism) were higher in tranexamic acid group than in the placebo group (48 [0·8%] of 5952 vs 26 [0·4%] of 5977; RR 1·85; 95% CI 1·15 to 2·98). Interpretation: We found that tranexamic acid did not reduce death from gastrointestinal bleeding. On the basis of our results, tranexamic acid should not be used for the treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding outside the context of a randomised trial

Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty: An Empirical Study on Banks in India

Service quality is one of the most important factors behind customer satisfaction in commercial banks. Various studies revealed that service quality plays a decisive role in satisfaction of customers and satisfaction of customers to a great extent lead to the customer loyalty vis-a-vis profitability of banks. Against such a backdrop, an attempt has been made to examine the impact of service quality of the bank on customer satisfaction and impact of customer satisfaction on the customer loyalty. This study points out that satisfaction and service quality relationship is critical for commercial banks. The broad objective of the study is to identify the determinants of customer satisfaction in the context of public sector and private sector banks in India and to examine the relationship between customer satisfactions, service quality and customer loyalty of banks. An attempt has also been made to study the impact of satisfaction on the loyalty of the customers. For this purpose responses have been elicited through a pre-tested structured questionnaire from 568 customers of public sector and private sector banks located in NCR

Artificial Ecosystem-Based Optimization with an Improved Deep Learning Model for IoT-Assisted Sustainable Waste Management

Increasing waste generation has become a key challenge around the world due to the dramatic expansion in industrialization and urbanization. This study focuses on providing effective solutions for real-time monitoring garbage collection systems via the Internet of things (IoT). It is limited to controlling the bad odor of blowout gases and the spreading of overspills by using an IoT-based solution. The inadequate and poor dumping of waste produces radiation and toxic gases in the environment, creating an adversarial effect on global warming, human health, and the greenhouse system. The IoT and deep learning (DL) confer active solutions for real-time data monitoring and classification, correspondingly. Therefore, this paper presents an artificial ecosystem-based optimization with an improved deep learning model for IoT-assisted sustainable waste management, called the AEOIDL-SWM technique. The presented AEOIDL-SWM technique exploits IoT-based camera sensors for collecting information and a microcontroller for processing the data. For waste classification, the presented AEOIDL-SWM technique applies an improved residual network (ResNet) model-based feature extractor with an AEO-based hyperparameter optimizer. Finally, the sparse autoencoder (SAE) algorithm is exploited for waste classification. To depict the enhancements of the AEOIDL-SWM system, a widespread simulation investigation is performed. The comparative analysis shows the enhanced outcomes of the AEOIDL-SWM technique over other DL models

Nonlinear Autoregressive Neural Network for Antimicrobial Waste Water Treatment

Antibiotics become an emerging contaminant and receive more interests due to its ecotoxicological and strong stability in water ecosystems. Antibiotic adsorption onto carbon materials are biochars among the wastewater mechanisms. This research used machine learning (ML) techniques to generate general adsorption forecasting model for sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and tetracycline (TC) on CBM. Dirichlet design parameters and a combined combination of Neumann and Dirichlet boundary situation are applied to the system of differential equations. In addition, the proposed method use the learning under supervision technique of a nonlinear autoregressive for estimating the CO2 concentration and flows in units of rate of a reaction characteristics, an exogenous (NARX) neural network model with two activation functions was used (Log-sigmoid and hyperbolic tangent) and for both the findings of a TC and SMX absorption simulations showed the random forest performed support vector tree and nonlinear autoregressive exogenous neural networks and machine learning methods. Their relevance and complete dependency graph evaluation lead reasonable CBM uses for antimicrobial wastewater treatment. Also, machine learning forecasting model with good generalization capability is useful for building effective CBMs with few empirical screens. It evaluates the accuracy, precision, recall, false positive rate (FPR), and false negative rate (FNR) and also reduces the experimental screening