Evaluation des troubles du rythme cardiaque dans une population des dialysés brestois

La première cause de mortalite chez le patient dialyse est d ordre cardio-vasculaire. La fréquence des décès par mort subite est importante puisqu elle est estimée entre un quart à un tiers de la mortalité globale des dialyses. Nous avons réalisé une etude des troubles du rythme cardiaque dans notre population de patients dialyses (37 patients). Ils ne présentent pas plus d arythmies supra-ventriculaires que des témoins non insuffisants rénaux mais ayant des comorbidités cardiovasculaires (32 témoins). Par contre, les dialysés développent significativement plus d extrasystoles polymorphes (p = 0,002). Ces troubles du rythme sont retrouvés pendant la séance de dialyse mais aussi à distance de la période dialytique. La variabilité sinusale est inferieure a 80 millisecondes pour 53% des dialyses, ce qui temoigne d un risque de mortalité cardiaque majeur. Nous avons ensuite comparé la nature et la fréquence des troubles du rythme chez 17 patients sous deux techniques de dialyse: l AFBK (Biofiltration avec profil de potassium) et l hémodialyse au bicarbonate. Nous n avons pas identifié de différence significative, Notre étude suggère que les patients hémodialysés présentent plus de troubles du rythme ventriculaires graves, exposant ainsi à un risque plus important de mort subite.BREST-BU Médecine-Odontologie (290192102) / SudocSudocFranceF

Reading the age of an ammonite from its jaws

International audienceAssessing ammonites lifespan is a challenging issue for macroevolutionary studies. Age estimations based on growth features and chemical compositions of the low Sr aragonitic shell have been attempted on few exceptionally preserved specimens, but remain debated (Bucher et al. 1996). Compared to the aragonitic shell, the calcitic covering of the lower jaw (called aptychus) is poorly investigated although in Recent cephalopods, chitinous beaks are considered a relevant proxy for the age of the animal (Perales-Raya et al. 2014). Sclerochonological studies carried out on recent and fossil mollusks have provided a methodological framework that could be applied to ammonite lower jaws (Lartaud 2010, Bougeois 2013). Following these studies, well-preserved aptychi from the Campanian of Alabama (Mooreville Chalk Formation) were investigated in order to assess its potential for schlerochonological studies. Microstructural observations indicate that fine growth features (up to 2µm thick) are well preserved and that a part of paleobiological information is conserved. We analyzed growth lines spacing-out, microstructure, and variation of the chemical composition along the growth direction (∂18O and trace elements) in order to provide the first age estimations for ammonites obtained from non-shell structures

A case for the graft-versus-host disease as a model for B cell-mediated autoimmunity.

International audienceFollowing allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), patients with autoimmune disease or hematopoietic malignancy may develop acute or chronic graft-versus-host (GvH) disease. B lymphocytes, from the recipient as well as from the donor, have recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of such disturbances. Their deleterious effects are accounted for by other tasks B lymphocytes accomplish than the antibody production. We highlight herein some recent observations in the context of B cells in the GvH disease

Abnormal distribution of B-cell populations associated with impaired regulatory functions in the chronic antibody mediated rejection

International audienc

Le musée d’histoire en France entre traditions nationales et soucis identitaires

The museums of history have known some spectacular changes in contemporary\ud France for two decades. New buildings have been constructed, and a lot of old ones have\ud been renovated. The study of some specific cases, for example the museums devoted to the\ud history of World War II, or to the history of migrations, demonstrates how museology is\ud nowadays far from the pure illustration of erudite knowledge. The ideal museum of french\ud history is today a museum very concerned by the present state of affairs, the political agenda\ud or the social agency. Its aims are linked to the consciousness of « heritage » in the contemporary\ud society. One difficulty is not to becoming a commercial product, a kind of entertainment, or of\ud « edutainment » for kids. The challenge is to play the role of a place of memory, or even to\ud figure a tool for collective thinking about the new stakes of national identity