3 research outputs found
The situation of former adolescent self-injurers as young adults: a follow-up study
Background: Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) in adolescence has been described as comorbid condition in affective or anxiety disorders, as well as borderline personality disorder (BPD) and is a risk factor for later suicide attempts. Prevalence rates of NSSI decline steeply from adolescence to young adulthood. Yet, to the best of our knowledge, the longitudinal development of adolescent psychiatric patients with NSSI into their young adulthood has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to assess current NSSI and psychological impairment of young adults, who had been in treatment for NSSI in their adolescence. Methods: Former patients of the departments of child and adolescent psychiatry and psychotherapy in Ulm and Ravensburg, Germany (Nâ=â52), who presented with NSSI in their adolescence, were recruited (average age: 21.5Â years (SDâ=â2.6)). Data was assessed using questionnaires and structured clinical interviews. Two groups of participants with prevailing NSSI and ceased NSSI were compared concerning their current psychological impairment, history of NSSI, suicide attempts, and BPD diagnosis. Results: Around half of all participants had engaged in NSSI within the last year, and around half met diagnostic criteria for BPD. Although there was no significant association between current NSSI and BPD, an earlier age of onset of NSSI and a longer duration of NSSI during adolescence was significantly predictive of adult BPD. Two thirds of participants still met criteria of an axis 1 psychiatric disorder. Suicide attempts were reported by 53.8Â % of all participants. Participants with current NSSI were more likely to meet criteria for a current axis 1 disorder, had engaged in NSSI more often in their lifetime, and reported more suicide attempts. Conclusions: Reduction of NSSI from adolescence to young adulthood was lower than described in previous community samples. This may be due to the initial high psychiatric impairment of this sample in adolescence. Early onset of NSSI seemed to be a risk factor for a longer duration of NSSI during adolescence but not for NSSI prevailing into adulthood. However, it was a risk factor for adult BPD. Furthermore, the occurrence of suicidal thoughts and behaviors and prevailing NSSI was highly associated
Schnittstellenkoordination von systemĂŒbergreifenden Hilfen fĂŒr Kinder und Jugendliche mit psychischen BeeintrĂ€chtigungen
Phase 2 of CATALISE: a multinational and multidisciplinary Delphi consensus study of problems with language development: terminology
Background: Lack of agreement about criteria and terminology for childrenâs language problems affects access to
services as well as hindering research and practice. We report the second phase of a study using an online Delphi
method to address these issues. In the ïŹrst phase, we focused on criteria for language disorder. Here we consider
terminology. Methods: The Delphi method is an iterative process in which an initial set of statements is rated by a
panel of experts, who then have the opportunity to view anonymised ratings from other panel members. On this basis
they can either revise their views or make a case for their position. The statements are then revised based on panel
feedback, and again rated by and commented on by the panel. In this study, feedback from a second round was used
to prepare a ïŹnal set of statements in narrative form. The panel included 57 individuals representing a range of
professions and nationalities. Results: We achieved at least 78% agreement for 19 of 21 statements within two
rounds of ratings. These were collapsed into 12 statements for the ïŹnal consensus reported here. The term âLanguage
Disorderâ is recommended to refer to a proïŹle of difïŹculties that causes functional impairment in everyday life and is
associated with poor prognosis. The term, âDevelopmental Language Disorderâ (DLD) was endorsed for use when the
language disorder was not associated with a known biomedical aetiology. It was also agreed that (a) presence of risk
factors (neurobiological or environmental) does not preclude a diagnosis of DLD, (b) DLD can co-occur with other
neurodevelopmental disorders (e.g. ADHD) and (c) DLD does not require a mismatch between verbal and nonverbal
ability. Conclusions: This Delphi exercise highlights reasons for disagreements about terminology for language
disorders and proposes standard deïŹnitions and nomenclature