Aspectos éticos nas pesquisas no cotidiano

Neste texto discuto alguns aspectos éticos nas pesquisas no cotidiano, abordando especificamente ética enquanto posturas e posicionamentos que atravessam as práticas de pesquisadores/as. Trata-se de um texto construído a partir da minha experiência como pesquisadora e dos diálogos que tenho travado com as/os pesquisadores/as com que convivo nos grupos de pesquisa e na universidade. Não tenho nenhuma pretensão de abordar todas as dimensões da ética em pesquisa tampouco de estabelecer normativas. Ao contrário, ao explicitar algumas perspectivas espero colocar novas questões para o diálogo sobre esse tema.In this text; I discuss some ethical aspects in the researching daily life; addressing specifically ethics while postures and positions assumed in the research practices. This text is a product of my experience in research and the dialogues exchanged within my research group. I have no desire to think about all dimensions of research ethics in this text; I just hope to put new issues for dialog on this topic

Talleres de promoción de salud: los dilemas cotidianos de un grupo de agentes comunitarios de salud

Este artigo apresenta um relato de experiência sobre o desenvolvimento de oficinas de promoção de saúde com um grupo de agentes comunitárias de saúde na zona leste de São Paulo. Inicia-se contextualizando o grupo, a profissão de agente comunitário de saúde e as políticas públicas. A seguir, apresenta-se a descrição e a discussão das oficinas realizadas com esses profissionais, cujo objetivo era possibilitar um espaço de diálogo sobre as práticas do cotidiano de trabalho. Ao final das oficinas, as agentes comunitárias de saúde relataram novos modos de pensar e lidar com os desafios do trabalho na comunidade.This article presents an experience report on the development of workshops for health promotion with a group of community health agents in the East of the city of São Paulo, SP, Brazil. It first contextualizes the group, the community health agent profession and related public policies. Afterwards, it describes and discusses the workshops offered to these professionals, whose main goal was to promote a dialogue about their daily practices. At the end of the workshops, the community health agents reported new ways of thinking and dealing with challenges posed in their daily work in the community.Este artículo presenta un relato de experiencias en los talleres de promoción de salud, con un grupo de agentes comunitarios de salud de la zona este de São Paulo. El texto presenta una breve explicación del contexto social del grupo, de la profesión del agente comunitario de salud, de la política pública así como la descripción y discusión de los talleres realizados. El objetivo de los talleres es permitir un espacio para el diálogo sobre las prácticas del trabajo diario. Al final de los talleres, los agentes comunitarios de salud relataron nuevas formas de pensar y hacer frente a los desafíos del trabajo cotidiano en la comunidad

The male perspective on planned home births

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que teve por objetivo estudar a perspectiva dos homens/pais sobre o parto domiciliar e os modos como eles participaram do nascimento de seus/suas filhos/ as. Realizamos entrevistas semiestruturadas com cinco homens que participaram dos partos domiciliares e do nascimento de seus filhos. A análise discursiva possibilitou identificar que os homens prepararam-se para o parto, vivenciaram muitas expectativas e aprendizagens nesse processo, enfrentaram diversos preconceitos contra o parto domiciliar e participaram ativamente do parto e do pós-parto. Concluímos que, na perspectiva dos homens/pais, o parto domiciliar é uma experiência enriquecedora que amplia as possibilidades de participação dos homens nesse evento e o exercício da paternidade durante o planejamento e o parto.This article reports the results of a research on how fathers perceive and participate in home births. For that, five men who participated in the home birth of their children underwent a semi-structured interview, whose content was analyzed by means of discourse analysis. The results indicate that, despite the prejudices against home birth faced by these men, they actively participated in childbirth and postpartum. From the male perspective, home birth is an enriching experience that increase men’s participation and widen the exercise of paternity during the whole process

Phytochemical composition, antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of Rosmarinus officinalis leaves

Phytochemicals in Rosmarinus officinalis leaves, their total phenolic content, antioxidant potential and antiproliferative activity against human prostate (DU145), colon (CT26) and cervical (HeLa 229) cancer cells were investigated. Extraction was done separately using hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol. A total of 32 compounds were identified, eight of which were reported for the first time. The highest phenolic content was 476.80 ± 0.69 µg/ml for the methanolic extract which also had the highest antioxidant activity with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 5.39 ± 0.09 mg/ml. Extracts exhibited the highest toxicity against prostate cancer cells and the least against cervical cancer cells

Addressing the Technology Gap in Counselor Education: Identification of Characteristics in Students that Affect Learning in College Classrooms

As advancements in technology continue to revolutionize the field of counseling, certain populations of students still encounter difficulties incorporating technology in the classroom. Non-traditional students, many who possesses years of professional experience, struggle academically due to a lack of technological expertise and knowledge. Low technological expertise potentially decreases students’ self-efficacy, enjoyment, and performance (Baturay & Bay, 2010). Consequently, it is imperative that counselor educators use a variety of strategies with non-traditional students struggling with technology. Thus, the purpose of this article is to propose guidelines encompassing self-efficacy, the evolution of technology and competencies required for assisting students in the classroom

Addressing the Technology Gap in Counselor Education: Identification of Characteristics in Students that Affect Learning in College Classrooms

As advancements in technology continue to revolutionize the field of counseling, certain populations of students still encounter difficulties incorporating technology in the classroom. Non-traditional students, many who possesses years of professional experience, struggle academically due to a lack of technological expertise and knowledge. Low technological expertise potentially decreases students’ self-efficacy, enjoyment, and performance (Baturay & Bay, 2010). Consequently, it is imperative that counselor educators use a variety of strategies with non-traditional students struggling with technology. Thus, the purpose of this article is to propose guidelines encompassing self-efficacy, the evolution of technology and competencies required for assisting students in the classroom

Dilemmas and Impasses in Public Health Policies Directed at People Who Make Use of Alcohol and Other Drugs in Brazil

The first Brazilian public policies directed at people who make use of alcohol and other drugs focused on criminalization and punishment. In 1932, medicine and its strategies of governmentality began to work within this field. The Penal Code of 1941 brought the ideal of abstinence to the Brazilian public arena, which was then broadly disseminated by the legislation up until 2006, when a new mental health policy began to be implemented for this population. In this chapter, we analyze the tensions between models that focus on care and those that have a safety perspective in programs for users of alcohol and other drugs in the central region of the city of São Paulo. We analyzed public domain documents: documentary material on the legal landmarks of policies; revision of literature; and news in Brazilian media about governmental actions in this area. Results of the analysis indicate that the tension between harm reduction models and the abstinence model persisted in governmental actions over the years. Regarding the central region, there was a diversification in the offer of treatment models and approaches. But these models took form as a market dispute: for sellable goods, employability of professionals, and the interests of the pharmaceutical industry

Oficinas de promoção de saúde: discutindo os dilemas do cotidiano de um grupo de agentes comunitárias de saúde

Este artigo apresenta um relato de experiência sobre o desenvolvimento de oficinas de promoção de saúde com um grupo de agentes comunitárias de saúde na zona leste de São Paulo. Inicia-se contextualizando o grupo, a profissão de agente comunitário de saúde e as políticas públicas. A seguir, apresenta-se a descrição e a discussão das oficinas realizadas com esses profissionais, cujo objetivo era possibilitar um espaço de diálogo sobre as práticas do cotidiano de trabalho. Ao final das oficinas, as agentes comunitárias de saúde relataram novos modos de pensar e lidar com os desafios do trabalho na comunidade.Este artículo presenta un relato de experiencias en los talleres de promoción de salud, con un grupo de agentes comunitarios de salud de la zona este de São Paulo. El texto presenta una breve explicación del contexto social del grupo, de la profesión del agente comunitario de salud, de la política pública así como la descripción y discusión de los talleres realizados. El objetivo de los talleres es permitir un espacio para el diálogo sobre las prácticas del trabajo diario. Al final de los talleres, los agentes comunitarios de salud relataron nuevas formas de pensar y hacer frente a los desafíos del trabajo cotidiano en la comunidad.This article presents an experience report on the development of workshops for health promotion with a group of community health agents in the East of the city of São Paulo, SP, Brazil. It first contextualizes the group, the community health agent profession and related public policies. Afterwards, it describes and discusses the workshops offered to these professionals, whose main goal was to promote a dialogue about their daily practices. At the end of the workshops, the community health agents reported new ways of thinking and dealing with challenges posed in their daily work in the community

Promoção de saúde e empoderamento: oficinas com jovens mães de Ermelino Matarazzo

Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir as estratégias de promoção de saúde e o empoderamento das participantes do projeto Ofi cina de Promoção de Saúde com jovens de 12 a 19 anos. Trata-se de um projeto de extensão desenvolvido desde novembro de 2006, no bairro de Ermelino Matarazzo. O projeto iniciou-se com o duplo objetivo de ampliar a formação dos alunos acerca da promoção da saúde e atender as demandas da região no entorno da Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades. A questão da maternidade precoce e das difi culdades vivenciadas por jovens mães no bairro foi apontada como uma das necessidades de intervenção. O projeto é coordenado por duas docentes da Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades e por alunas voluntárias e bolsistas do curso de Obstetrícia. A discussão apresentada neste artigo se refere aos anos de 2007 e 2008. Os impactos qualitativos e o empoderamento, muitas vezes, são difíceis de avaliar, mas podemos dizer que nos relatos das participantes é possível observar mudanças signifi cativas no modo de se relacionar com os companheiros, famílias e a sociedade de um modo geral.The main goal of this article is to discuss the strategies of health promotion and the empowerment of the participants of the project: Health Promotion’s workshop with youth 12 to 19 years. This is a project developed since November of 2006 in the Ermelino Matarazzo. The project began with the dual aim of expanding the training of students about health promotion and to meet the demands of the neighborhood of the University. The issue of early motherhood and the diffi culties experienced by young mothers in the neighborhood was identifi ed as one of the needs of intervention. The project is coordinated by two professors and students of Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades. The discussion presented refers to the years 2007 and 2008. The qualitative impacts and empowerment are often diffi cult to assess, but we can say that in the reports of participants is possible to observe signifi cantly changes in the relationship with their peers, families and society in general