Formation of the image of the world during the digital transformation of education

The formation of the world's image in a person at each age stage of their development is a relevant problem due to this phenomenon's multidisciplinary and unique nature. This article focuses on the concept of the professional image of the world and reveals its integrity and consistency in the generalized views of future teachers about the learning process. The authors considered the research problem from the global digital transformation of education. To assess the manifestations, levels, and quality of the formed image of the world of the individual during the digital transformation of education, the authors experimented in Yelets State Bunin University. The research is useful for educators designing the content, technologies, and management tools for the professional training of a future teacher

Analysis and development of effective distance learning practices

Distance education at the present stage of development of the world educational practice has acquired a global character. The range of educational services has significantly expanded; the number of educational organizations and institutions involved in this form of education has increased; a huge number of students use the Internet, gadgets and high-tech services. It has influenced the development of the educational environment around the world. Effective distance education practices are those forms of distance learning that allow students and other students to receive “remote” education via the Internet, if necessary. Such a necessity today has become the epidemiological situation in the world with the spread of infection caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV). The publication describes those practices that have proven to be effective. Their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. The ways of developing such practices are determined taking into account a number of characteristic features of distance education: flexibility, modularity, innovative quality control of education, role repertoire of the teacher, economic benefits, etc. Describes specific principles of distance education, allocated based on the study of domestic and foreign authors, content updated by the authors: the principle of free access; the principle of remoteness; the principle of interactivity, the principle of identification; the principle of adequacy and expediency of using digital technologies in distance education. Methodological recommendations for teachers are given. The purpose of our research is to analyze how effective distance education and its forms are for students and primary school teachers who master additional professional training programs. Examples of questionnaires and survey data on the subject under study are given

New Synthetic Thrombin Inhibitors: Molecular Design and Experimental Verification

BACKGROUND: The development of new anticoagulants is an important goal for the improvement of thromboses treatments. OBJECTIVES: The design, synthesis and experimental testing of new safe and effective small molecule direct thrombin inhibitors for intravenous administration. METHODS: Computer-aided molecular design of new thrombin inhibitors was performed using our original docking program SOL, which is based on the genetic algorithm of global energy minimization in the framework of a Merck Molecular Force Field. This program takes into account the effects of solvent. The designed molecules with the best scoring functions (calculated binding energies) were synthesized and their thrombin inhibitory activity evaluated experimentally in vitro using a chromogenic substrate in a buffer system and using a thrombin generation test in isolated plasma and in vivo using the newly developed model of hemodilution-induced hypercoagulation in rats. The acute toxicities of the most promising new thrombin inhibitors were evaluated in mice, and their stabilities in aqueous solutions were measured. RESULTS: New compounds that are both effective direct thrombin inhibitors (the best K(I) was <1 nM) and strong anticoagulants in plasma (an IC(50) in the thrombin generation assay of approximately 100 nM) were discovered. These compounds contain one of the following new residues as the basic fragment: isothiuronium, 4-aminopyridinium, or 2-aminothiazolinium. LD(50) values for the best new inhibitors ranged from 166.7 to >1111.1 mg/kg. A plasma-substituting solution supplemented with one of the new inhibitors prevented hypercoagulation in the rat model of hemodilution-induced hypercoagulation. Activities of the best new inhibitors in physiological saline (1 µM solutions) were stable after sterilization by autoclaving, and the inhibitors remained stable at long-term storage over more than 1.5 years at room temperature and at 4°C. CONCLUSIONS: The high efficacy, stability and low acute toxicity reveal that the inhibitors that were developed may be promising for potential medical applications

Analysis and development of effective distance learning practices

Distance education at the present stage of development of the world educational practice has acquired a global character. The range of educational services has significantly expanded; the number of educational organizations and institutions involved in this form of education has increased; a huge number of students use the Internet, gadgets and high-tech services. It has influenced the development of the educational environment around the world. Effective distance education practices are those forms of distance learning that allow students and other students to receive “remote” education via the Internet, if necessary. Such a necessity today has become the epidemiological situation in the world with the spread of infection caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV). The publication describes those practices that have proven to be effective. Their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. The ways of developing such practices are determined taking into account a number of characteristic features of distance education: flexibility, modularity, innovative quality control of education, role repertoire of the teacher, economic benefits, etc. Describes specific principles of distance education, allocated based on the study of domestic and foreign authors, content updated by the authors: the principle of free access; the principle of remoteness; the principle of interactivity, the principle of identification; the principle of adequacy and expediency of using digital technologies in distance education. Methodological recommendations for teachers are given. The purpose of our research is to analyze how effective distance education and its forms are for students and primary school teachers who master additional professional training programs. Examples of questionnaires and survey data on the subject under study are given.La educación a distancia en la etapa actual de desarrollo de la práctica educativa mundial ha adquirido un carácter global. La gama de servicios educativos se ha ampliado significativamente; ha aumentado el número de organizaciones e instituciones educativas que participan en esta forma de educación; un gran número de estudiantes utiliza Internet, dispositivos y servicios de alta tecnología. Ha influido en el desarrollo del entorno educativo en todo el mundo. Las prácticas efectivas de educación a distancia son aquellas formas de aprendizaje a distancia que permiten a los estudiantes y otros estudiantes recibir educación “remota” a través de Internet, si es necesario. Tal necesidad hoy se ha convertido en la situación epidemiológica en el mundo con la propagación de la infección provocada por el coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV). La publicación describe aquellas prácticas que han demostrado ser efectivas. Se analizan sus ventajas y desventajas. Las formas de desarrollar tales prácticas se determinan teniendo en cuenta una serie de rasgos característicos de la educación a distancia: flexibilidad, modularidad, control innovador de la calidad de la educación, repertorio de roles del docente, beneficios económicos, etc. Describe los principios específicos de la educación a distancia, asignados según sobre el estudio de autores nacionales y extranjeros, contenido actualizado por los autores: el principio de libre acceso; el principio de lejanía; el principio de interactividad, el principio de identificación; el principio de adecuación y conveniencia del uso de tecnologías digitales en la educación a distancia. Se dan recomendaciones metodológicas para los profesores. El propósito de nuestra investigación es analizar qué tan efectiva es la educación a distancia y sus formas para los estudiantes y profesores de primaria que dominan programas de formación profesional adicionales. Se dan ejemplos de cuestionarios y datos de encuestas sobre el tema en estudio

Targeting of the AKT/m-TOR Pathway: Biomarkers of Resistance to Cancer Therapy—— AKT/m-TOR Pathway and Resistance to Cancer Therapy

Resistance to cancer therapy continues to be a major limitation for the successful treatment of cancer. There are many published studies on therapy resistance in breast and prostate cancers; however, there are currently no data on molecular markers associated with resistance. The conflicting data were reported regarding the AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway components as markers predicting resistance. The AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway is involved in the development of many human cancers; its activation is related to cell proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis, as well as to therapy resistance. Molecular alterations in the AKT/m-TOR signaling pathway provide a platform to identify universal markers associated with the development of resistance to cancer therapy

Proteasome functioning in breast cancer: connection with clinical-pathological factors.

Breast cancer is one of four oncology diseases that are most widespread in the world. Moreover, breast cancer is one of leading causes of cancer-related deaths in female population within economically developed regions of the world. So far, detection of new mechanisms of breast cancer development is very important for discovery of novel areas in which therapy approaches may be elaborated. The objective of the present study is to investigate involvement of proteasomes, which cleave up to 90% of cellular proteins and regulate numerous cellular processes, in mechanisms of breast cancer development. Proteasome characteristics in 106 patient breast carcinomas and adjacent tissues, as well as relationships of detected proteasome parameters with clinical-pathological factors, were investigated. Proteasome chymotrypsin-like activity was evaluated by hydrolysis of fluorogenic peptide Suc-LLVY-AMC. The expression of proteasome subunits was studied by Western-blotting and immunohistochemistry. The wide range of chymotrypsin-like activity in tumors was detected. Activity in tumors was higher if compared to adjacent tissues in 76 from 106 patients. Multiple analysis of generalized linear models discovered that in estrogen α-receptor absence, tumor growth was connected with the enhanced expression of proteasome immune subunit LMP2 and proteasome activator PA700 in tumor (at 95% confidence interval). Besides, by this analysis we detected some phenomena in adjacent tissue, which are important for tumor growth and progression of lymph node metastasis in estrogen α-receptor absence. These phenomena are related to the enhanced expression of activator PA700 and immune subunit LMP7. Thus, breast cancer development is connected with functioning of immune proteasome forms and activator PA700 in patients without estrogen α-receptors in tumor cells. These results could indicate a field for search of new therapy approaches for this category of patients, which has the worst prognosis of health recovery

Dependence of ChTL activity difference in tumor and adjacent tissue on ChTL activity in breast samples.

<p>(A) F(1) = 519.763; <i>p</i><0.001. (B) F(1) = 0.947; <i>p</i> = 0.333. Calculated at 95% confidence.</p

Expression of proteasome immune subunits and Rpt6 subunit in breast samples at different disease stages.

<p>Western-blotting was performed with the use of mouse mAbs to proteasome subunits LMP2, LMP7 and Rpt6; β-actin was detected as the inner control with the use of mouse mAbs to this protein. TT, tumor tissue. AT, adjacent tissue.</p

Expression of immune subunits LMP2 and LMP7 in cytokeratin 18 containing cells of IDC sample.

<p>(Panels A) Mouse mAbs to cytokeratin 18, rabbit pAbs to LMP2. (Panels B) Mouse mAbs to cytokeratin 18, rabbit pAbs to LMP7. IDC, invasive ductal carcinoma. Scale bar, 100 µm.</p