A Study on the Inflow of Korean Artifacts to the Osaka Plain During the First Half of the Middle Kofun Period

Japan\u27s relationship with its neighbors transformed as the situation in East Asia changed at the beginning of the middle Kofun period at the end of the 4th century. Large, keyhole-shaped burial mounds were constructed, from the Saki tumulus in the Northern regions of the Yamato basin to the Mozu-Furuichi tumulus on the Osaka Plain. An influx of artifacts from the Korean Peninsula was witnessed at this time along with the inflow of skilled people from overseas. It is believed that Japan adopted an advanced culture in its entirety and attained productive techniques in return. It is believed that the Osaka Plain, where the Mozu-Furuichi tumulus was built because of Japan\u27s changing overseas relationships, also offered port facilities such as at Naniwatsu. Such port facilities can be observed in historical materials. When did this accumulation of goods, in particular Korean artifacts, begin on the Osaka Plain? This paper examined the burial circumstances of Korean artifacts in the first half of the middle Kofun period, focusing on the tumuli found in the central part of the Kinki region. The results revealed the existence of only one tumulus on the Osaka Plain in which Korean artifacts were buried in the early Kofun period. However, the study also confirmed the existence of ancient burial mounds, in which Korean artifacts were buried, at the end of the 4th century in the Furuichi tumulus, Kitakawachi, and Izumi areas. It can thus be concluded that the accumulation of Korean artifacts began on the Osaka Plain at the end of the 4th century, and that full-scale accretion began at the beginning of the 5th century with the initiation of the burial to the Mozu-Furuichi tumulus. The genealogy of Korean artifacts is centered on Gaya, but unlike the early Kofun period, they include Silla and Baekje artifacts. The number of relics inspired by Silla increased after the 5th century, which is related to the decline of Geumgwan Gaya

A study on the interaction of the southern Korean peninsula (Gaya) and the Yamato Kingdom (Wa) at the dawn of the appearance of Mozu-Furuichi Kofun Group

본고에서는 고고자료를 통해 고분시대 전기부터 중기 초반의 한반도 남부 (가야) 와 왜의 대외관계를 고찰하였다．3세기 후반이 되면 낙랑군의 약체화에 의해 진・변한은 기존 유통 구조를 벗어나 왜로향하는 새로운 철소재의 유통 루트를 개발하였고，이에 왜에서는 출현기의 전방후원분 (前方後円墳) 에서 다량의 철제무기나 농공구가 부장되는 현상이 확인된다．한반도 남부에서출현하는 하지키 (土師器) 계 토기는 철소재를 입수하기 위해 왜인들이 바다를 건너온 것을의미한다．313년에 낙랑군・대방군이 축출되면서 동아시아의 교역체계에 큰 변동이 일어났는데，대성동고분군에는 위세품으로 생각되는 왜계유물이 부장되기 시작하며，금관국과 왜의 정치적인 교섭이 급속도로 확대되었다．그 후 4세기 후엽에 백제와 신라가 국제무대로등장하면서 왜는 고구려와 백제의 대립항쟁에 관여하게 되었다．그 결과 한반도 남부와의외교나 전쟁을 의식하여 새롭게 가와치 (河内) 평야로 대형고분군의 묘역을 이동하였고，또한 오키노시마 (沖ノ島) 제사를 개시하는 등의 커다란 변화를 맞이하였다

Crossover between Levy and Gaussian regimes in first passage processes

We propose a new approach to the problem of the first passage time. Our method is applicable not only to the Wiener process but also to the non--Gaussian L$\acute{\rm e}$vy flights or to more complicated stochastic processes whose distributions are stable. To show the usefulness of the method, we particularly focus on the first passage time problems in the truncated L$\acute{\rm e}$vy flights (the so-called KoBoL processes), in which the arbitrarily large tail of the L$\acute{\rm e}$vy distribution is cut off. We find that the asymptotic scaling law of the first passage time $t$ distribution changes from $t^{-(\alpha +1)/\alpha}$-law (non-Gaussian L$\acute{\rm e}$vy regime) to $t^{-3/2}$-law (Gaussian regime) at the crossover point. This result means that an ultra-slow convergence from the non-Gaussian L$\acute{\rm e}$vy regime to the Gaussian regime is observed not only in the distribution of the real time step for the truncated L$\acute{\rm e}$vy flight but also in the first passage time distribution of the flight. The nature of the crossover in the scaling laws and the scaling relation on the crossover point with respect to the effective cut-off length of the L$\acute{\rm e}$vy distribution are discussed.Comment: 18pages, 7figures, using revtex4, to appear in Phys.Rev.

The Effect of Cranial Change on Oropharyngeal Airway and Breathing During Sleep

Mandibular micrognathia is one of the characteristics of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of bimaxillary surgery without maxillary advancement on the upper airway using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results of comparing pre- and post-operative finite element model. Seven female patients with jaw deformity, who underwent two-jaw surgery (Le Fort1 osteotomy and bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy; BSSRO) were enrolled. Maxillary was moved for correcting occlusal plane and mandibular was moved to advancement. Pharyngeal airway space and breathing during sleep were evaluated, comparing the periods of 2 days before and 6 months after the operation. The cross-sectional area of the level of the hard palate (HP) and the level of the tip of the uvula (TU), and airway volume of total, HP-TU, and TP- the level of the base of the epiglottis (BE) were increased. AI and AHI in 2 days before and 6 months after were decreased. As the result of nasal ventilation condition, velocity of HP and TU in 2 days before and 6 months after were decreased. We think that it was revealed that movement of the maxilla without advancement did not affect to the morphology and function of airway

前哨 大阪毎日新聞社長 本山彦一

2018年度・2019年度関西大学創立130周年記念特別研究費（なにわ大阪研究）研究成果報告