ESTUDIO DEL ESTADO DE CONSERVACIÓN Y RESTAURACIÓN DE UNA CARTA NAVAL

[ES] Desde épocas inmemoriales, el ser humano ha buscado la manera de realizar representaciones gráficas del espacio con el objetivo de tener un mayor conocimiento del terreno. En este proyecto se realiza por encargo la restauración de una carta naval en la que se pueden ver distintos datos relacionados con la profundidad del mar o cualquier información de utilidad para navegantes . Para llevar a cabo este trabajo uno de los pasos que se ha realizado previamente , consiste en la búsqueda de información para conocer las patologías de la obra y los posibles factores catalizadores de los procesos de deterioro. Una vez conocido y evaluado el estado de conservación, se propone una intervención, teniendo en cuenta los principios de la restauración y se lleva a cabo, documentándose y explicándose detalladamente cada paso. Es de vital importancia la conservación preventiva del documento y por ello se recomienda un sistema de exposición y un as medidas orientativas para una mayor esta bilidad y duración del documento.[EN] Since time immemorial, man has sought ways to make graphical representations of space in order to have a better knowledge of the terrain. This project is to order the restoration of a naval letter may appear different data related to the depth of the sea or any useful information for boaters. To carry out this work one of the steps previously done, is seeking information to kn ow the conditions of the work and the possible factors catalysts deterioration processes. Once known and assessed the conservation status, an intervention is proposed, taking into account the principles of restoration and is carried out, documenting and ex plaining each step in detail. It is vitally important preventive conservation of the document and therefore an exposure system and a guidance measures for greater stability and duration of the document is recommended.Jiménez García, I. (2016). ESTUDIO DEL ESTADO DE CONSERVACIÓN Y RESTAURACIÓN DE UNA CARTA NAVAL. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/74229.TFG

Pedagogical Coordination in Secondary Schools from a Distributed Perspective. Adaptation of the Distributed Leadership Inventory (DLI) in the Spanish Context

Introduction: Leadership as the second factor in school improvement needs potential leaders to be effective. Method: The present study aimed to know the potential capacity of leaders in Spanish secondary schools through the adaptation of the DLI questionnaire to Spanish. To accurately adapt this questionnaire, the present research group conducted content validity processes in 2017, using the Delphi Method, in which eight experts from the Spanish Network for Research into Leadership and Academic Improvement were invited to participate (RILME). As part of a pilot test, preliminary tools were administered to 547 participants from secondary schools in Granada and Jaén (Spain). Results: The present study reports on the adaptation of the DLI instrument within the Spanish context. Acceptably high values were obtained in the analysis of reliability and internal consistency, suggesting that this item can be reliably utilised for the exploration of the dynamics of internal functioning in secondary education and the evaluation of the distribution of leadership characteristics. Conclusions: The pilot study highlights how heads of studies and department heads are potential leaders, making it easier to set up and sustain educational projects in schools.Spanish Government FPU14/0505

Las dificultades sufridas por una mujer para llegar a ser biomatemática : Nancy Kopell

Tras haber superado una serie de dificultades de diversos tipos, entre ellas de género, de carácter y de enfermedad, la norteamericana Nancy Kopell ha llegado a ser una de la biomatemáticas más reconocidas en la actualidad por sus excelentes contribuciones en el avance de la neurociencia, al estudiar a partir de los sistemas dinámicos las redes neuronales que gobiernan las actividades motoras rítmicas. En esta comunicación se comentan algunas de esas dificultades que ella fue paulatinamente venciendo y el modo en el que lo hizo. Entre ellas, la oposición de su familia a que estudiara, debido a las ideas conservadoras del entorno, el difícil acceso de la mujer a la universidad en aquel tiempo, la poca credibilidad de sus posibilidades por ser mujer y joven, etc, que al principio la hicieron sentirse insegura e inferior a los que la rodeaban, ocasionándole incluso una fuerte depresión. Todas estas trabas, sin embargo, una vez vencidas, la hicieron tan fuerte que ella misma, años después, llegó a señalar que hasta le habían venido bien, ya que el hecho de ser mujer hizo que recayese en ella una mayor atención por parte de los demás, lo cual incluso llegó a serle beneficioso en ciertos momentos de su vida

Interpersonal perceptions of adverse peer experiences in first-grade students

Aim: The aim of this study was to identify which adverse peer experiences better predict perceived negative peer relationships among elementary school first graders according to sex. The peer experiences examined were peer rejection, peer victimization, and mutual antipathy; the interpersonal perceptions studied were perceived peer victimization, dyadic meta-perception of peer disliking, and loneliness. Methods: The participants were 809 children (Mage = 6.4 years, SD = 0.32; ngirls = 412, 50.9%) enrolled in 35 first-grade classes from 15 schools in 4 Spanish regions: Valencia, n = 276, 34.1%; Balearic Islands, n = 140, 17.3%; Andalusia, n = 199, 24.6%; Castile-Leon, n = 194, 24%. We calculated sex differences in peer experiences and interpersonal perceptions by means of one-way ANOVA for means differences and Fisher’s r-to-z transformation for correlations differences. We used a multilevel regression analysis (nesting variables: class and region) to determine whether the associations between each peer experiences and each perception were unique. Results: Each adverse peer relationship predicted each interpersonal perception differentially. Peer victimization was a good predictor of the three interpersonal perceptions, and the only predictor of perceived peer victimization. Peer rejection predicted loneliness, whereas mutual antipathies predicted dyadic meta-perception of peer disliking, although more so among girls. A significant effect at region level was found but not at class level. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that research should take into account the different levels of the social peer system when analyzing peer experiences within the classroom context. The study contributes to sensitize teachers about the greater responsiveness of 6-year-old girls to adverse peer experiences, and it could be useful for designing interventions that would help children oppose rejection and empower active bystanders to fight against peer mistreatment.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de España EDU2012-35930Universitat Jaume I P1-1A2012-0

Effective leadership of the leadership from the perspective of the rest of the faculty

El ejercicio del liderazgo escolar, a lo largo de la historia de España, ha estado marcado por la escasez de candidatos y por el desempeño de un liderazgo burocrático, basado fundamentalmente en la gestión administrativa del Centro. En la actualidad se requiere de otra modalidad de liderazgo, no sólo por los grandes cambios que ha habido en nuestra sociedad, sino más bien porque las funciones de los equipos directivos han ido evolucionando según las necesidades de los centros escolares. Para que esta función se ejerza con más eficiencia, y cómo no, también con más eficacia, se requieren unas cualidades profesionales y personales para cumplir dicha misión. Un equipo directivo eficaz será quien, en su conducta y en sus relaciones interpersonales, refleje un verdadero compromiso con quienes les acompañan en sus quehaceres diarios y, también, hacia dónde enfocan el desarrollo de su liderazgo, es decir, el rumbo que le marcan a la institución escolar que dirigenThe exercise of school leadership, throughout the history of Spain, has been marked by the shortage of candidates and by the performance of a bureaucratic leadership, based fundamentally on the administrative management of the school. Nowadays, another type of leadership is required, not only because of their daily chores and, also, where they focus the development of their leadership, that is, the direction that they mark to the school they lea

School Principals in Spain: Interplay of Leaders, Teachers and Context

This paper analyzes the Spanish school principal figures and their future patterns of leadership and development, according to educational policies in Europe. The first part presents a comprehensive overview of the situation of school principals in Spain, according to the Spanish policy; in the second part, its real practice in a secondary school is evidenced based on the results of a conducted research. The tensions and dilemmas currently faced by school principals in Spain will be analyzed: pedagogical leadership versus management-oriented principals. The interviews carried out reveal the meaning that the different agents give to “leadership”. A climate of trust and collaboration has been established between the management team, middle leaders and teaching staff, necessary conditions for the development of a shared school project and ensure its sustainability for achieve school improvement.This research was funded by Ministry of Education, grant number FPU2014/05050

Gender-based differences in the high-risk sexual behaviours of young people aged 15-29 in Melilla (Spain): a cross-sectional study

Background: Research confirms the existence of gender-based differences regarding the high-risk sexual behaviour (non-use of condoms and casual partners) of young men and women. The objectives were to provide evidence for this association; to analyse the reasons why both sexes have sexual relations with casual partners and to ascertain the motives for condom use or non-use during casual sex. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of 900 participants, 524 males and 376 females. All participants were 15-29 (20.93 ± 4.071) years of age and came from four different centres (a university, two secondary schools, and a military base) in Melilla (Spain). The participants were given a socio-demographic survey as well as a psychometric text on high-risk sexual behaviour. Results: The results found gender-based significant differences for sexual relations with penetration (p = 0.001), number of sexual partners (p = 0.001), and sexual relations with casual partners (p = 0.001). In all of these variables, male participants had higher percentages than female participants. Reasons for having casual sexual relations were also different for men and women, differences were found for the items, opportunity (p = 0.001), interest in knowing the other person (p = 0.015), physical excitement (p = 0.056) and drug consumption (p = 0.059). Regarding the reasons for consistent condom use with casual partners, there were differences for the item, my demand of a condom (p = 0.002). For the non-use of condoms with casual partners, differences were found for the items, I do not like to use condoms (p = 0.001) and condoms lessen sensitivity and reduce pleasure (p = 0.009). Conclusions: Men and women were found to have different high-risk sexual behaviours and practices. Of the motives for having sexual relations with casual partners, male participants considered opportunity and interest in knowing the other person to be more important than the female participants. Regarding condom use, the female participants’ demand to use a condom was a significant gender-based difference. In contrast to the young women, the male participants mostly justified not using a condom because it lessened sensitivity and reduced pleasure

Educational Leadership Training, the Construction of Learning Communities. A Systematic Review

Instructional leadership notions and practices allow educators to engage in relevant roles within schools. Instead of implementing these concepts in professional programs, Mexican and Spanish education systems still preserve a “technically oriented” training model that separates educational and professional aims. Diverse studies have identified the benefits of implementing instructional leadership orientations within “Educational cooperation”, “Cooperative education”, “Team teaching” and “Teacher leadership” at schools. This systematic review conducted usingWeb of Science—contributes by organizing the produced knowledge and identifies the main findings reported by the academic literature on this topic. It seeks to answer the following questions: (1) What are the contributions of this research to the education systems examined? (2) What kind of knowledge about educational leadership and professional learning communities can be inferred from them? Results from the majority of studies found that instructional leadership offers a useful tool to promote shared responsibility between teachers and head teachers and supports professional learning communities. A main conclusions of the present study is that it highlights the importance of bypassing existing bureaucratic practices within schools in order to replace the traditional “technical orientation” of training programs. Instructional leadership may facilitate some of the required transformations in the context of global educational reform

Desarrollo de embriones somáticos de alcornoque en biorreactores de inmersión temporal.

El sistema de inmersión temporal (SIT) se basa en el empleo de medio líquido y el establecimiento de ciclos de aporte y retirada del medio. Esto permite aprovechar las ventajas del medio líquido (favorece la absorción de nutrientes, el crecimiento del material vegetal y la dilución de los metabolitos excretados), al tiempo que reduce sus inconvenientes (suprime el contacto continuo de los explantos con el medio de cultivo, evitando los problemas de asfixia y vitrificación). Por otra parte el SIT facilita el control y el estudio de la nutrición en el cultivo in vitro y puede contribuir al desarrollo óptimo de los explantos. En este trabajo presentamos la puesta a punto de un SIT aplicado a la obtención de embriones somáticos de albaricoque