Individual participant data meta-analysis of trials comparing frozen versus fresh embryo transfer strategy (INFORM) : a protocol.

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Evaluation of the Documentary “A Life on Our Planet” as a Method to Influence the Attitude towards the Destruction of the Natural World

•This study measures the influence of the documentary “A Life on Our Planet” on six dimensions representing the attitude towards the destruction of the natural world. •Schwartz norm activation model was used to create the dimensions. •The dimensions represent hope, awareness of the consequences caused by animal agriculture, connectedness to nature, motivation to act against environmental destruction, shifting of responsibility, and helplessness. •Significant changes were observed on all scales except shifting responsibility using paired and independent t-tests, with motivation and hope showing the highest effect sizes. •The results show that the object under investigation has positive immediate effects on the attitude towards the destruction of the natural world. •Since the survey was conducted as part of a master's thesis at the Cologne University of Technology, there are several limitations, such as demand characteristics and a non-representative sam-ple

Analyzing user feedback of on-line communities

The economic success of the World Wide Web makes it a highly competitive environment for web businesses. For this reason, it is crucial for web business owners to learn what their customers want. This thesis provides a conceptual framework and an implementation of a system that helps to better understand the behavior and potential interests of web site visitors by accounting for both explicit and implicit feedback. This thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is rooted in computer science and information systems and uses graph theory and an extended click-stream analysis to define a framework and a system tool that is useful for analyzing web user behavior by calculating the interests of the users. The second part is rooted in behavioral economics, mathematics, and psychology and is investigating influencing factors on different types of web user choices. In detail, a model for the cognitive process of rating products on the Web is defined and an importance hierarchy of the influencing factors is discovered. Both parts make use of techniques from a variety of research fields and, therefore, contribute to the area of Web Science.Welche Interessen verfolgen meine Webseiten-Nutzer? Diese Frage beschäftigt viele Betreiber von Online-Unternehmen. Um in einem solch hart umkämpften Markt wie dem des Internetbusiness erfolgreich bestehen zu können, ist es für die Entscheidungsträger dieser Unternehmen ausschlaggebend zu verstehen, welche Ziele ihre Kunden verfolgen. Hauptziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, diese Frage mit Hilfe eines konzeptionellen Bezugssystems und der Implementierung eines Systems zu beantworten. Beide Elemente berücksichtigen sowohl das Verhalten, als auch das explizite und das implizite Feedback der Webseiten-Nutzer. Der vorgeschlagene Lösungsansatz unterstützt Betreiber von Online-Unternehmen dabei ihre Kunden besser zu verstehen. Dies geschieht durch das Beobachten und Auswerten des Kundenverhaltens, um daraus die vermuteten Kundeninteressen zu berechnen. Außerdem werden, um den Prozess des Feedbackgebens besser zu verstehen, diejenigen Faktoren untersucht, die die Auswahl des Webseiten-Nutzers beim Feedbackgeben beeinflussen. Folgende Forschungsfragen werden in dieser Arbeit im Hinblick auf unterschiedliche Aspekte des Feedbacks von Webseiten-Nutzern untersucht: * Was lernen wir aus der Analyse des explizit und des implizit durch die Webseiten-Nutzer ausgeführten Feedbacks? * Was sind die wichtigsten Faktoren, die das Feedback von Webseiten-Nutzern beeinflussen

The genomic evolutionary dynamics and global circulation patterns of respiratory syncytial virus

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infection in young children and the second leading cause of infant death worldwide. While global circulation has been extensively studied for respiratory viruses such as seasonal influenza, and more recently also in great detail for SARS-CoV-2, a lack of global multi-annual sampling of complete RSV genomes limits our understanding of RSV molecular epidemiology. Here, we capitalise on the genomic surveillance by the INFORM-RSV study and apply phylodynamic approaches to uncover how selection and neutral epidemiological processes shape RSV diversity. Using complete viral genome sequences, we show similar patterns of site-specific diversifying selection among RSVA and RSVB and recover the imprint of non-neutral epidemic processes on their genealogies. Using a phylogeographic approach, we provide evidence for air travel governing the global patterns of RSVA and RSVB spread, which results in a considerable degree of phylogenetic mixing across countries. Our findings highlight the potential of systematic global RSV genomic surveillance for transforming our understanding of global RSV spread

Relational Liaising to Integrate Informed Learning into the Disciplinary Classroom

This conceptual chapter sets the stage for how librarians can support informed learning. It looks at how the intersections between informed learning, Bakhtin’s philosophy of communication, and relational leadership contribute to a model of relational liaising. The chapter provides examples of practical applications, interdisciplinary collaboration, and shared leadership which librarians and other teachers can adapt for specific arts, humanities, or social sciences disciplines. Many of the illustrations are set within communication-related curricula but also include the arts

Validity of inertial sensor based 3D joint kinematics of static and dynamic sport and physiotherapy specific movements

3D joint kinematics can provide important information about the quality of movements. Optical motion capture systems (OMC) are considered the gold standard in motion analysis. However, in recent years, inertial measurement units (IMU) have become a promising alternative. The aim of this study was to validate IMU-based 3D joint kinematics of the lower extremities during different movements. Twenty-eight healthy subjects participated in this study. They performed bilateral squats (SQ), single-leg squats (SLS) and countermovement jumps (CMJ). The IMU kinematics was calculated using a recently-described sensor-fusion algorithm. A marker based OMC system served as a reference. Only the technical error based on algorithm performance was considered, incorporating OMC data for the calibration, initialization, and a biomechanical model. To evaluate the validity of IMU-based 3D joint kinematics, root mean squared error (RMSE), range of motion error (ROME), Bland-Altman (BA) analysis as well as the coefficient of multiple correlation (CMC) were calculated. The evaluation was twofold. First, the IMU data was compared to OMC data based on marker clusters; and, second based on skin markers attached to anatomical landmarks. The first evaluation revealed means for RMSE and ROME for all joints and tasks below 3°. The more dynamic task, CMJ, revealed error measures approximately 1° higher than the remaining tasks. Mean CMC values ranged from 0.77 to 1 over all joint angles and all tasks. The second evaluation showed an increase in the RMSE of 2.28°– 2.58° on average for all joints and tasks. Hip flexion revealed the highest average RMSE in all tasks (4.87°– 8.27°). The present study revealed a valid IMU-based approach for the measurement of 3D joint kinematics in functional movements of varying demands. The high validity of the results encourages further development and the extension of the present approach into clinical settings

Ethik in der digitalisierten Welt (Interview)

Im November 2015 fand die erste DenkfabrEthik in Aachen statt. Hinter diesem Namen verbirgt sich jedoch nicht nur die Veranstaltung, die jährlich stattfinden soll, sondern ein buntes Gremium, das sich einer relevanten, bislang selten beachteten Aufgabe stellt: die ethischen Aspekte einer zunehmenden Digitalisierung auf dem Weg zu einer digitalen Gesellschaft zu beleuchten und stärker in den Fokus allgemeinen Interesses zu rücken. Dr. Alexander Mertens, Initiator der DenkfabrEthik, gewährt Einblicke in den Themenkomplex 'Ethik in der digitalisierten Welt' und zeigt, warum dieses Thema uns alle angeht

Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives on Awake Bruxism Assessment: Expert Consensus Recommendations

Awake bruxism (AB) is differentiated from sleep bruxism (SB) by the differences in etiology, comorbidities, and consequences related to the different spectrum of muscle activities exerted in relation to the different circadian manifestations. Furthermore, less literature data are available on AB than on SB. The introduction of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) strategies has allowed for collecting valuable data on the frequency of the different activities reported by an individual in his/her natural environment. This strategy has been further improved with the recent use of smartphone technologies. Recent studies have described an average frequency of AB behaviors, within the range of 23–40% for otherwise healthy young adults. An association between AB and some psychological traits has emerged, and the findings have indicated that patients with musculoskeletal symptoms (e.g., temporomandibular joint and/or muscle pain, muscle stiffness, and fatigue) report higher AB frequencies. Preliminary data suggest that muscle bracing and teeth contact are the most commonly reported behaviors, while teeth clenching is much less frequently reported than commonly believed previously. Report of teeth grinding during wakefulness is almost absent. This paper has critically reviewed the currently available approaches for the assessment of AB. In addition, some future perspectives and suggestions for further research have been provided