Service Quality Delivery of Benadir Local Government in Somalia

Purpose: In today’s competitive and rapidly moving world, local governments lose so many citizens because of the poor quality of public services they provide for these products, because of the quality and/or lack of products and the lack of ability to provide quality service. The purpose of this study is to examine the service quality delivery of the Benadir local government in Somalia.    Theoretical framework: This research studied the degree service quality delivery offered of the Benadir local government in Somalia. Service quality has been defined as a difference between customers' service perception and expectations.   Methodology: To achieve the objectives of this study, data was collected through online questionnaire from a sample of 354 major customers of the Benadir local government in Mogadishu-Somalia. These respondents were selected using convenient random sampling method. The data collected from the online questionnaire were analyzed using Descriptive Statistical tools such as compute, percentage, mean, and standard deviation.   Findings: The results of this study indicate that the three out five dimensions of level quality service delivery (reliability, responsiveness, and assurance) have slightly positive satisfied and except two elements empathy and tangibility have negative satisfied with customers' expectations and perception. Furthermore, customers were most a little satisfied with the three dimensions of service quality delivery by the Benadir local administration in Mogadishu-Somalia. On the contrary, customers were negative satisfied with tangibility and empathy dimensions of service quality.   Research limitation/ implication: The researcher forwards some recommendations for the Benadir local government in Somalia. In order to improve the level of citizen satisfaction in terms of quality service delivery offered by the Benadir local government in Somalia, the Benadir local government should come up with policies and programs that prioritize the level of citizen satisfaction and should develop and contribute the level client expectation and perception of dimensions quality service delivery by the Benadir local government in Somalia, the Benadir local government should make the information easily obtainable and can get prompt service delivery by the citizens, therefore, the study recommends that a strategy should be put in place to gain these benefit. The limitations faced by the study included time constraints and limited resources taken to complete the study.   Originality/Value: This investigation differs from previous explores as it examines the influence of level service quality delivery in Benadir local government on outcomes and operations in particular. Furthermore, this study is specifically based on the Benadir Regional Government

Somalia: The Challenges of Rebuilding Public Services in a Collapsed State

Public service of each country stands out the foremost instrument of government formulation and implementation of public policies. It transforms government programs into concrete goods and services for the use and benefit of the citizens. Public services are vital in human life and are the obligation of each government on the world to provide services in order to protect the wellbeing of its people. Once a state collapses, the fragmentation of the structure, authority, law and order inside the state occurs. Collapsed states are referred to those which can’t perform the functions anticipated of a state. But, after the collapse of the Somalia’s central government, the country has faced many problems such as social, political, economic, environmental and technological. More than twenty years of civil war, lack of government, violence, poverty, drought cause society more vulnerable to everything. Since the beginning of 2000 until now, Somalia has had its own government, but it failed to restore the delivery of public services. On the other hand, these services remained in the hands of private sector. This paper aims to explain the challenges of rebuilding public services in Somalia and how to restore these public services in a collapsed state

Study of Psychosocial Stressors and Psychiatric Morbidity in Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Introduction: Mind and body relationship have concerned scientific minds from the Beginning. Representatives from both psychiatry and medicine have agreed for More than hundred years that in some disorders, emotional and somatic Activities overlap. These disorders were first called psychosomatic illness by Johann Chiristian Heinroth. This term was later popularized by Maxmilan Jacobi, German Psychiatrist. In addition to general life stressors various investigators have suggested That specific personalities and conflicts are associated with different Psychosomatic diseases. They were first identified in regard to the coronary Personality, who tend to develop coronary heart disease. The classical risk Factors do not give total explanation for the occurrence of coronary heart Disease and that additional factors are involved in its genesis (WERKO, 1976) There is a strong evidence to suggest that an interplay of personality Characteristic with the environmental milieu plays a role in an individuals Predisposition to coronary heart disease and large body of research has already Been undertaken in this area (ROSEMAN and FRIED MAN, 1960) And it has been suggested by some that type A behavior Pattern may be A middle class westerners way of reacting. Reactions to a stressful Environment in Indians may take a form other than type A behavior. Hence stressful life events more than personality characteristics might Be causal to the genesis of ischemic heart disease. Heart has been hailed as Contributing to vitality and the very life of the individual and any disorder is Perceived as at worst fatal (or) at best disabling. For a lay person, a man felled By a heart attack can never be the same again. Fear about the consequences of Infarction are always followed by psychological consequences such as anxiety And depression etc. The Liaison Psychiatry approach was tailored to the Requirements of the local (or) indigenous socio-cultural background should be Engaged in the psychiatric research for minimizing this psychological Morbidity. Scope of the study Though myocardial infarction is known to be due to psychosocial Stressors, the detailed verification of the cause is not done in our setting. The Nature of the stressors as perceived by local population has contested in the Present study. Study also aims to corroborate on the prevalence of Psychological morbidity following myocardial infarction and to know if they Are correlated to the previous life events. The analysis of results should pave The way for conceptualizing the psychotherapeutic issues of the Liaison Psychiatry in the indigenous situation. Plan of the Study The present study has been planned as follows Review of Literature Methodology Results and Interpretations Discussion Conclusio

Antipyretic activity of azima tetracantha in experimental animals

In the present study, the ethanolic leaf extract of Azima tetracantha Lam (A. tetracantha) was investigated for antipyretic activity in rats using Brewer’s yeast induced Pyrexia. The leaves of A. tetracantha were collected from Ponnamaravathi and cut into small pieces and shade dried. The dried powdered leaves (100 gm) were extracted in a Soxhlet apparatus by using 95% ethanol. Albino rats weighing (200-250g) were taken for the experiment divided into four groups of six animals each. Group 1 received 3% aqueous suspension of gum Acacia (1 ml/200g) as vehicle orally, group 2 and group 3 received ethanolic leaf extract of A. tetracantha 100 and 200 mg/kg with 3% aqueous suspension of gum Acacia orally and the group 4 served as standard received paracetamol 25 mg/kg with 3% aqueous suspension of gum Acacia orally. The subcutaneous injection of yeast suspension markedly elevated the rectal temperature after 18h of administration. Treatment with A. tetracantha extract at a dose of 100, 200 mg/kg decreased the rectal temperature of the rats in dose dependent manner. This effect was maximal at dose of 200 mg/kg and it caused significant lowering of body temperature (P< 0.01) up to 4 hour after its administration. The antipyretic effect started as early as 1h and the effect was maintained for 4h, after its administration. Both the standard drug paracetamol 25 mg/kg and tested drug A. tetracantha extract were significantly reduced the yeast elevated rectal temperature, at 2nd, 3rd and 4th hour compared to control group

The future physicians of United Arab Emirates: how do they self-medicate?

Background: Health professions have been a predictive factor for self-medication (SM). SM practices of medical students, the future practitioners will have a bearing on their impending professional practice. The aims were to identify prevalence and practice of SM among the medical students of Gulf Medical University (GMU), United Arab Emirates and to assess the associating factors.Methods: The study was planned as a cross-sectional descriptive survey among 247 medical students of GMU. Students from 1st to 5th year were included in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 19. Associations were tested with Chi-square test.Results: SM with both over-the-counter medications and prescription-only medicines was practiced by 65% of students. The prevalence of SM was associated with the year of study and age. The most common sources of drugs were private pharmacies and stocks at home. The students mostly relied on themselves and parents for drug selection. The self-reliance significantly increased with year of study. Common indications for SM were headache and flu symptoms and correspondingly, analgesics and antipyretics were frequently used. A high prevalence of misuse of antibiotics was also reported. SM was 2.9 times higher (95% CI=1.502-5.620) among students belonging to families practicing SM.Conclusion: The study revealed a fairly high rate of prevalence of SM among the medical students of GMU, which was associated with age and year of study. There is a need to emphasize responsible SM practices among the medical students by accentuating rational drug use in the curricula

SYEKH MUHAMMAD ARSYAD THALIB LUBIS: Kajian Terhadap Dakwahnya Di Medan Sumatera Utara Indonesia

Salah seorang yang berjasa dalam menyebarluaskan dakwah Islam di Tanah Batak, khususnya Toba dan Karo, Provinsi Sumatera Utara Medan Indonesia ialah Syeikh Muhammad Arsyad Thalib Lubis (1908-1972 M). Beliau termasuk orang pertama dalam organisasi Islam al-Jam’iyatul Washliyah yang gigih berdakwah untuk menyebarluaskan agama Islam di Sumatera Utara, Aceh dan Indonesia secara umum. Beliau banyak menulis pelbagai kajian agama Islam, termasuk kajian perbandingan agama yang masyhur dalam kitab karangan beliau ”Perbandingan agama Kristian dan Islam”, begitu juga karangan beliau yang bertajuk ”Rahsia Bible”,  yang berhubung kait dengan Ilmu Muqaranatul Adyan.Karya-karya Syeikh Muhammad Arsyad Thalib Lubis serta jasa-jasa beliau dalam menyebarluaskan Islam hingga sekarang ini masih dikenang di kalangan masyarakat Sumatera Utara khususnya suku Batak, yang mana Syeikh Muhammad Arsyad Thalib Lubis berhasil menarik lebih daripada 20.000 orang memeluk agama Islam. Jasa beliau ini menjadi sebab tersebarnya agama Islam di kalangan suku Batak yang majoriti penduduknya animisme serta beragama Kristian

Electronic Data Interchange and Demand Forecasting Implications on Supply Chain Management Collaboration: A Customer Service Perspective

Customer service is a very important aspect within the supply chain. Through collaboration, the goal of each party within the supply chain is to add value to a product, in order to accelerate good customer service. Good customer service leads to customer satisfaction and most importantly it developed customer loyalty. These are the main goal of ever firm in the supply chain, starting from raw material, production, distribution and down to the final consumer.This work is developed to investigate the impact of supply chain management collaboration activities on customer service in an inter-organizational context. This is done by examining how effective collaboration in supply chain management creating confidence and trust between vendor-customer relationships that provides benefit to both organizations; one of such benefit is improved customer service. This can be obtained through the use of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), which ensures that products are delivered to customers faster with great accuracy, and demand forecasting and inventory management, which ensures that vendors maintain optimal inventory level so that they always have what customers want in stock. The method used in this work is by gatheringinformation from several articles, journals and text books relating to this research work. There is a total of 49 including journals, books and articles used in this work, all of which are related to this stud

Factors associated with self-medication among expatriate high school students: a cross-sectional survey in United Arab Emirates

The study aimed to assess factors associated with self-medication (SM) among expatriate high school students of United Arab Emirates using a validated questionnaire. Most common reasons for self-medication in 324 participating students were: presence of mild illness and previous experiences. High risk practices like altering the dose, discontinuation of medication and self-medication without adult guidance were observed. The likelihood of SM was 4.9 times (95%C.I.: 2.0-12.2) in students not utilizing private healthcare services than those who were utilizing these services. Increased efforts are needed to prevent the risks of self-medication in adolescents through healthcare education for both parents and adolescents

Digital acrometastase as a primary manifestation of a bronchial adenocarcinoma

Bone metastases of the hands and feet (acrometastases) are rare. Their presentation is variable and is generally confused with certain inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, tenosynovitis, fracture or infection (panartius, osteomyelitis). The etiology of non-digital acrometastases is common to primary tumors with bone metastases (prostate, lung, kidney, breast, thyroid, and digestive tube). However, digital acrometastases are seen almost exclusively during bronchial neoplasia. We describe the case of a 43 year-old man admitted for pain and swelling of the middle finger distal phalanx of the left hand. Etiological assessement was in favor of an unusual secondary localization of bronchial adenocarcinoma. Tumoral causes must always be evoked before any inflammatory digital symptomatology, from where the interest of a good interrogation and a targeted paraclinical assessment.

Photopolymer Holographic Optical Elements for Application in Solar Energy Concentrators

The book chapter reviews recent developments in the design and fabrication of solar concentrators utilising holographic optical elements. The advantages and disadvantages of the use of holographic components in solar energy applications are analysed. In addition, recent experimental results from the recording and characterisation of different types of holographic optical components, such as single spherical and cylindrical lenses, multiplexed holographic gratings with high diffraction efficiency are presented. The results reveal the high potential of photopolymer materials for fabrication of holographic components for solar applications