19 research outputs found

    Prise en charge d’une infection virale chronique (BK polyomavirus) et d’une infection virale aigue (SARS-CoV-2) dans une population de transplantĂ©s rĂ©naux

    No full text
    Kidney transplant recipients (KTR) are exposed to an increased risk of infection. These infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in this population of renal transplant recipients. BKPyV can lead to kidney graft loss. No specific treatment currently exists. Our study investigated the prevention of virus replication by intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) and showed that people with low anti-BKPyV neutralizing antibody titers who are at high risk of BKPyV nephropathy may have a benefit from being treated with IVIG during the first three months of the transplant.We then studied SARS-CoV-2. The KTR present a greater morbidity and mortality linked to this virus than the immunocompetent. In our cohort, markers of cytokine release syndrome predicted this morbidity and mortality. We showed the presence of prolonged viable viral excretion with a significant risk of contamination and mutation of the virus. Finally, the study of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine response reports a weak response despite the administration of multiple doses. Comorbidities and immunosuppression are the main risk factors for poor vaccine response. Our data allowed us to construct a predictive score for this vaccine response.Les transplantĂ©s rĂ©naux sont exposĂ©s Ă  un sur-risque infectieux. Ces infections sont une cause majeure de morbi-mortalitĂ© dans cette population. Nous nous sommes intĂ©ressĂ©s Ă  une infection virale opportuniste chronique par le BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) puis nous avons abordĂ© l’impact d’une infection virale aiguĂ« par le SARS-CoV-2 chez le transplantĂ© rĂ©nal. Le BKPyV peut conduire Ă  la perte du greffon rĂ©nal. Aucun traitement spĂ©cifique n’existe Ă  ce jour. Notre Ă©tude s’est intĂ©ressĂ©e Ă  la prĂ©vention de la rĂ©plication du virus par des immunoglobulines intraveineuses (IgIV) et a montrĂ© que les personnes prĂ©sentant des faibles titres d’anticorps neutralisants anti-BKPyV et qui sont Ă  haut risque de nĂ©phropathie Ă  BKPyV pourraient avoir un bĂ©nĂ©fice Ă  ĂȘtre traitĂ©es par IgIV durant les trois premiers mois de la greffe. Nous nous sommes par la suite intĂ©ressĂ©s au SARS-CoV-2. La population des transplantĂ©s rĂ©naux prĂ©sente une morbi-mortalitĂ© liĂ©e Ă  ce virus plus importante que l’immunocompĂ©tent. Dans notre cohorte, les marqueurs de relargage cytokinique permettaient de prĂ©dire cette morbi-mortalitĂ©. Nous avons montrĂ© la prĂ©sence d’une excrĂ©tion virale viable prolongĂ©e avec un risque important de contamination et de mutation du virus. Enfin, l’étude de la rĂ©ponse vaccinale anti-SARS-CoV-2 rapporte une rĂ©ponse faible malgrĂ© l’administration de multiples doses. Les comorbiditĂ©s et l’immunosuppression sont les principaux facteurs de risque de la faible rĂ©ponse vaccinale. Nos donnĂ©es nous ont permis de construire un score prĂ©dictif de cette rĂ©ponse vaccinale

    Management of a chronic viral infection (BK polyomavirus) and an acute viral infection (SARS-CoV-2) in a population of kidney transplant recipients

    No full text
    Les transplantĂ©s rĂ©naux sont exposĂ©s Ă  un sur-risque infectieux. Ces infections sont une cause majeure de morbi-mortalitĂ© dans cette population. Nous nous sommes intĂ©ressĂ©s Ă  une infection virale opportuniste chronique par le BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) puis nous avons abordĂ© l’impact d’une infection virale aiguĂ« par le SARS-CoV-2 chez le transplantĂ© rĂ©nal. Le BKPyV peut conduire Ă  la perte du greffon rĂ©nal. Aucun traitement spĂ©cifique n’existe Ă  ce jour. Notre Ă©tude s’est intĂ©ressĂ©e Ă  la prĂ©vention de la rĂ©plication du virus par des immunoglobulines intraveineuses (IgIV) et a montrĂ© que les personnes prĂ©sentant des faibles titres d’anticorps neutralisants anti-BKPyV et qui sont Ă  haut risque de nĂ©phropathie Ă  BKPyV pourraient avoir un bĂ©nĂ©fice Ă  ĂȘtre traitĂ©es par IgIV durant les trois premiers mois de la greffe. Nous nous sommes par la suite intĂ©ressĂ©s au SARS-CoV-2. La population des transplantĂ©s rĂ©naux prĂ©sente une morbi-mortalitĂ© liĂ©e Ă  ce virus plus importante que l’immunocompĂ©tent. Dans notre cohorte, les marqueurs de relargage cytokinique permettaient de prĂ©dire cette morbi-mortalitĂ©. Nous avons montrĂ© la prĂ©sence d’une excrĂ©tion virale viable prolongĂ©e avec un risque important de contamination et de mutation du virus. Enfin, l’étude de la rĂ©ponse vaccinale anti-SARS-CoV-2 rapporte une rĂ©ponse faible malgrĂ© l’administration de multiples doses. Les comorbiditĂ©s et l’immunosuppression sont les principaux facteurs de risque de la faible rĂ©ponse vaccinale. Nos donnĂ©es nous ont permis de construire un score prĂ©dictif de cette rĂ©ponse vaccinale.Kidney transplant recipients (KTR) are exposed to an increased risk of infection. These infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in this population of renal transplant recipients. BKPyV can lead to kidney graft loss. No specific treatment currently exists. Our study investigated the prevention of virus replication by intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) and showed that people with low anti-BKPyV neutralizing antibody titers who are at high risk of BKPyV nephropathy may have a benefit from being treated with IVIG during the first three months of the transplant.We then studied SARS-CoV-2. The KTR present a greater morbidity and mortality linked to this virus than the immunocompetent. In our cohort, markers of cytokine release syndrome predicted this morbidity and mortality. We showed the presence of prolonged viable viral excretion with a significant risk of contamination and mutation of the virus. Finally, the study of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine response reports a weak response despite the administration of multiple doses. Comorbidities and immunosuppression are the main risk factors for poor vaccine response. Our data allowed us to construct a predictive score for this vaccine response

    Prise en charge d’une infection virale chronique (BK polyomavirus) et d’une infection virale aigue (SARS-CoV-2) dans une population de transplantĂ©s rĂ©naux

    No full text
    Kidney transplant recipients (KTR) are exposed to an increased risk of infection. These infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in this population of renal transplant recipients. BKPyV can lead to kidney graft loss. No specific treatment currently exists. Our study investigated the prevention of virus replication by intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) and showed that people with low anti-BKPyV neutralizing antibody titers who are at high risk of BKPyV nephropathy may have a benefit from being treated with IVIG during the first three months of the transplant.We then studied SARS-CoV-2. The KTR present a greater morbidity and mortality linked to this virus than the immunocompetent. In our cohort, markers of cytokine release syndrome predicted this morbidity and mortality. We showed the presence of prolonged viable viral excretion with a significant risk of contamination and mutation of the virus. Finally, the study of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine response reports a weak response despite the administration of multiple doses. Comorbidities and immunosuppression are the main risk factors for poor vaccine response. Our data allowed us to construct a predictive score for this vaccine response.Les transplantĂ©s rĂ©naux sont exposĂ©s Ă  un sur-risque infectieux. Ces infections sont une cause majeure de morbi-mortalitĂ© dans cette population. Nous nous sommes intĂ©ressĂ©s Ă  une infection virale opportuniste chronique par le BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) puis nous avons abordĂ© l’impact d’une infection virale aiguĂ« par le SARS-CoV-2 chez le transplantĂ© rĂ©nal. Le BKPyV peut conduire Ă  la perte du greffon rĂ©nal. Aucun traitement spĂ©cifique n’existe Ă  ce jour. Notre Ă©tude s’est intĂ©ressĂ©e Ă  la prĂ©vention de la rĂ©plication du virus par des immunoglobulines intraveineuses (IgIV) et a montrĂ© que les personnes prĂ©sentant des faibles titres d’anticorps neutralisants anti-BKPyV et qui sont Ă  haut risque de nĂ©phropathie Ă  BKPyV pourraient avoir un bĂ©nĂ©fice Ă  ĂȘtre traitĂ©es par IgIV durant les trois premiers mois de la greffe. Nous nous sommes par la suite intĂ©ressĂ©s au SARS-CoV-2. La population des transplantĂ©s rĂ©naux prĂ©sente une morbi-mortalitĂ© liĂ©e Ă  ce virus plus importante que l’immunocompĂ©tent. Dans notre cohorte, les marqueurs de relargage cytokinique permettaient de prĂ©dire cette morbi-mortalitĂ©. Nous avons montrĂ© la prĂ©sence d’une excrĂ©tion virale viable prolongĂ©e avec un risque important de contamination et de mutation du virus. Enfin, l’étude de la rĂ©ponse vaccinale anti-SARS-CoV-2 rapporte une rĂ©ponse faible malgrĂ© l’administration de multiples doses. Les comorbiditĂ©s et l’immunosuppression sont les principaux facteurs de risque de la faible rĂ©ponse vaccinale. Nos donnĂ©es nous ont permis de construire un score prĂ©dictif de cette rĂ©ponse vaccinale

    Étude de l’incidence, des caractĂ©ristiques et des facteurs de risque de survenue des anticorps anti HLA spĂ©cifiques du donneur dans une large cohorte de patients transplantĂ©s rĂ©naux au centre hospitalo-universitaire de Strasbourg de 2013 Ă  2016

    No full text
    MĂ©decine. NĂ©phrologieRĂ©sumĂ© : Introduction : les anticorps anti-HLA spĂ©cifiques du greffon (DSA) augmentent le risque de rejet mĂ©diĂ© par les anticorps (AMR). L’étude a pour objectif de dĂ©terminer l’incidence des DSA de novo (dnDSA) jusqu’à 3 ans postgreffe, d’en dĂ©crire les caractĂ©ristiques et les facteurs associĂ©s. MĂ©thodes : les patients adultes transplantĂ©s rĂ©naux entre 2013 et 2016 ont Ă©tĂ© inclus. L’immunisation, les Ă©vĂšnements immunisants, les rejets, les pertes du greffon et les dĂ©cĂšs ont Ă©tĂ© recueillis. RĂ©sultats : 408 patients ont Ă©tĂ© inclus. L’incidence des DSA Ă  M3, 1 an, 2 ans et 3 ans Ă©tait de 3,9%, 7,9%, 10,7% et 13,4% respectivement. L’incidence des AMR Ă  M3, 1 an, 2 ans et 3 ans Ă©tait de 3,7%, 5,7%, 8,1% et 10,7% respectivement. Le seul facteur associĂ© Ă  la survenue de DSA Ă©tait le nombre d’incompatibilitĂ©s HLA de classe 2. Conclusion : ce travail a permis de dĂ©crire l’incidence des DSA, leurs caractĂ©ristiques et les facteurs associĂ©s Ă  leur dĂ©veloppement.Summary : Introduction : Donor specific antibodies (DSA) increase the risk of antibody mediated rejection (AMR) and graft failure. The aim of our study is to measure the incidence of de novo DSA until 3 years after transplantation, to describe their characteristics and to study factors associated with their occurrence. Methods : patients who underwent kidney transplantation in Strasbourg between January 2013 and December 2016 were included. Immunisation, immunizing events, AMR, graft failure and death were collected. Results : 408 are included. The incidence of DSA at M3, M12, M24 and M36 was 3.9%, 7.9%, 10.7% and 13.4%, respectively. The incidence of AMR at M3, M12, M24 and M36 was 3.7%, 5.7%, 8.1% and 10.7% respectively. The major factor associated with the occurrence of dnDSA was the number of HLA class 2 mismatch. Conclusion : this study describes the incidence of dnDSA and their characteristics and the factors associated with the occurrence

    Long-term shedding of viable SARS-CoV-2 in kidney transplant recipients with COVID-19

    No full text
    The exact duration of viable SARS-CoV-2 shedding in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) remains unclear. Here, we retrospectively investigated this issue using cell cultures of SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR-positive nasopharyngeal samples (n = 40) obtained from 16 KTRs with symptomatic COVID-19 up to 39 days from symptom onset. A length of viable SARS-CoV-2 shedding >3 weeks from the onset of symptoms was identified in four KTRs (25%). These results suggest that a significant proportion of KTRs can shed viable SARS-CoV-2 for at least 3 weeks, which may favor the emergence of new variants. Based on these data, we recommend prolonging the isolation of KTRs with COVID-19 until negative SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing

    Evaluation of the performance of SARS-CoV-2 serological tools and their positioning in COVID-19 diagnostic strategies

    No full text
    Rapid and accurate diagnosis is crucial for successful outbreak containment. During the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) public health emergency, the gold standard for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection diagnosis is the detection of viral RNA. Additional diagnostic methods Ôenabling the detection of current or past SARS-CoV-2 infection would be highly beneficial. We assessed 2 immunochromatographic lateral flow assays (LFA-1, LFA-2) and 2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits (IgA/IgG ELISA-1, IgM/IgG ELISA-2) using 325 samples: serum samples from polymerase chain reaction-confirmed COVID-19 hospitalized patients (n = 55) and healthcare workers (n = 143) and 127 samples from negative controls. Diagnostic performances were assessed according to days after symptom onset (dso) and the antigenic format used by manufacturers. Clinical sensitivities varied greatly among the assays, showing poor mutual agreement. After 15 dso, ELISA-1 (Euroimmun) and LFA-1 (Biosynex) combining IgM and IgG detection showed the best performances. A thorough selection of serological assays for the detection of ongoing or past infections is advisable

    Cytokine release syndrome-associated encephalopathy in patients with COVID-19

    No full text
    BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Neurological manifestations in coronavirus disease (COVID)-2019 may adversely affect clinical outcomes. Severe COVID-19 and uremia are risk factors for neurological complications. However, the lack of insight into their pathogenesis, particularly with respect to the role of the cytokine release syndrome (CRS), is currently hampering effective therapeutic interventions. The aims of this study were to describe the neurological manifestations of patients with COVID-19 and to gain pathophysiological insights with respect to CRS. METHODS: In this longitudinal study, we performed extensive clinical, laboratory and imaging phenotyping in five patients admitted to our renal unit. RESULTS: Neurological presentation included confusion, tremor, cerebellar ataxia, behavioral alterations, aphasia, pyramidal syndrome, coma, cranial nerve palsy, dysautonomia, and central hypothyroidism. Notably, neurological disturbances were accompanied by laboratory evidence of CRS. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) was undetectable in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Hyperalbuminorrachia and increased levels of the astroglial protein S100B were suggestive of blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction. Brain magnetic resonance imaging findings comprised evidence of acute leukoencephalitis (n = 3, one of whom had a hemorrhagic form), cytotoxic edema mimicking ischaemic stroke (n = 1), or normal results (n = 2). Treatment with corticosteroids and/or intravenous immunoglobulins was attempted, resulting in rapid recovery from neurological disturbances in two cases. SARS-CoV2 was undetectable in 88 of the 90 patients with COVID-19 who underwent Reverse Transcription-PCR testing of CSF. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with COVID-19 can develop neurological manifestations that share clinical, laboratory and imaging similarities with those of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell-related encephalopathy. The pathophysiological underpinnings appear to involve CRS, endothelial activation, BBB dysfunction, and immune-mediated mechanisms
    corecore