Analisis Tipologi Tutupan Vegetasi Sebagai Dasar Penyusunan Strategi Restorasi Di Area Iuphhk-re PT Reki

Harapan rainforest situated in South Sumatera is a restoration area of PT REKI company that highly susceptible to land conversion. The problem faced in the effort of restoration is the restorated area that is too large and has not been tested any silvicultural techniques. The condition of land cover is the basic information that could be used as a reference in the preparation of restoration strategy. The study aimed to determine the level of damage, the condition of the ecosystem, appropriate silvicultural techniques, and plant species restoration priorities. The used methods were analysis of vegetation in 4 typologies (secondary forest, old shrub, young shurb, former akasia plantations), and the analysis of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The results showed that the correlation between density value (y) and NDVI (x) was: y = -136.35+425.46x, R2 (0.89). The order of area with the level of damage from the lowest to the highest were: the typology of secondary forest, old shurb, young shrub, and former akasia plantation, respectively. The typology of secondary forests had the highest value of diversity, richness, and evenness (H\u27>3, Dmg>5, and E>0.6). Relationship between former akasia plantations typology and another tipologies was not germane (euclidean distance> 3.31), and the relationship between seedling and trees in all typologies (with the exception of former akasia plantations) was very high (r> 0.9). Silvicultural techniques that could be done include eradicating A. mangium in the former akasia plantation and planting in the all typologies with the exception of secondary forest. The plants that could be used for restoration are Macaranga sp., K.malaccensis, Nephelium sp., P.gutta, H.mengarawan, S.leprosula

YouTube teaching materials with peer support to improve students' mastery of subject content learning

This study investigated the effectiveness of using YouTube teaching materials with peer support on students’ mastery of subject content learning, motivation, obstacles, and benefits they acquired in learning through this media. This study involved 60 undergraduate students attending the English Language Teaching Method Course (ELTMC) at a university in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. The study used mixed methods: quantitative and qualitative. A quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design was used to see the effectiveness of using YouTube teaching materials with peer support and without peer support on students’ mastery of the course. The instruments used to collect the data were tests and an open-ended questionnaire. The findings revealed that using YouTube teaching materials with peer support significantly improved students’ mastery of the subject content of ELTMC compared to those without peer support. The study also reported that only 13 of 30 students had problems learning the subject via the media in the experimental group with peer support. The problems were the speed of speaking by the native speakers, lengthy videos, different English accents that were difficult to absorb, and unclear video sounds. Meanwhile, the benefits include the presence of the native speakers in the videos who are creative and accurate in the language being learned (i.e., English), the joy and positive challenges they got from watching the videos and having discussions afterward with peers. The availability of peer assistance enabled students to comprehend the teaching material delivered through actual media on YouTube on a deeper level

Evaluation of sustainable forest management techniques for biomass production and carbon sequestration

Tropical forests deliver all kind of ecosystem services to the society. Thus, increasing the value and sustainable use of forest ecosystems has significant economic implication while at the same time is an important step towards resource conservation and environmental protection. The implementation of sustainable forest management (SFM) will ensure that the goods and services derived from the forest meet present-day needs. At the same time secure the continuous availability and contribution to long-term development, which will equalize the production goals with the environmental and social ones. However, forest use and management practices in the past which were concentrated more on timber production rather than forest services resulted in a number of environmental problems, such as land degradation, loss of biodiversity and greenhouse gas emission. With respect to the shifting paradigm of forest management from timber-oriented to resource-based management, it stands to reason that the spirit to use the forest environmental services must be practically actualized and that carbon trade forms one of the promising potentials that need to be explored. To achieve this, we must be willing to conserve and manage the remaining forest resources on sustainable basis and to conduct extensive reforestation programmes in degraded lands. In the term of managing forest resources on sustainable basis, achieving SFM requires environmentally responsible logging, hence the growing interest in reduced impact logging (RIL) as an alternative strategy to promoting good forestry practices in the tropics be expected can continue to fullfil the functions of forest ecosystems. Many studies implies that reduced impact logging (RIL) techniques greatly reduced damage to trees in the residual stand and reduced the amount of ground area disturbed by machinery. However, data and information on the characteristics of logged over forest and the suitability of RIL technique in the tropical forest is lacking. For these reasons, the study on effectiveness of RIL at the operational level and its impact on residual forest stand has been evaluated based on damage level, disclosure area and production potential of residual forest stand related to sustainable yield (study 1). The study of effective RIL technique in natural forests was conducted in several forest concessionaires in Indonesian Borneo, with focus on characterizing of forest structure and composition at different logging intensity. Forest inventories for both pre-harvested and post-harvested inventories were conducted at 100 ha area of each different logging intensity which determined based on harvested limit diameter, i.e. 40 cm, 50 cm and combination 40 and 50 cm. Pre-harvest inventories were conducted for all trees categories (diameter of 20 cm up), then mapping of trees, planning of roads and skidtrails, and determine directional felling. After harvesting, post-harvest inventories were conducted to calculate damage level and area of disclosure. Residual trees and damage trees was counted and used it to evaluate the effective of RIL technique at different logging intensity. Logging with applied harvest diameter limit of 50 cm resulted better condition of residual trees in term of number and volume, environmental friendly with lower damaged level and disclosure area compare to higher logging intensity with applied harvest diameter limit of 40 cm and combination of 40 and 50 cm. Residual stand can be recovered at the age of 35 years under D limit of 40 cm in primary forest, while 22 years of logged-over forest was not recovered, then residual trees need longer rotation of 57.3 to 63.2 years to achieve sustainable yield. Since logging intensity greatly influence the effectiveness of RIL and stand density of residual trees was greatly influence to production potential, the number, limit diameter determination,distribution and crown condition of harvest trees as well as regulation of cutting cycle (rotation age) must be considered. Supervising and monitoring from government must also be done during logging operation to ensure that RIL technique applied on the right procedure, thus meet ecological and economical function of forest ecosystems. In the field of logging, it is important to use the suitable harvesting system which complies with the principles of SFM, and in term of conducting extensive reforestation programme on degraded lands, achieving SFM requires suitable silviculture techniques through forest improvement or interventions, such as rehabilitation and restoration. Generally, however, suitable silvicultural treatments in nursery level as well as in operational level are limited and site specific. Lack of field data has been a barrier to proceed for evaluation of effectiveness of silviculture treatment on productivity changes in tropical degraded forests. Reforestation program through reintroduce tree species lost, especially fast growing dipterocarp is implemented to curtail degraded lands, then the study is focused on Shorea leprosula as a promising species to be used for reforestation program and offers opportunities for enhancing carbon sink. Shorea leprosula is also as the dipterocarp family which make up most of the tropical forests of Southeast Asia that have been commercially logged for many years, then has suffered a massive population reduction mainly because of the rate of exploitation of its timber. Restoring degraded logged-over forest which is indicated by low soil fertility and organic matter due to imbalance nutrient cycle are of paramount importance as there has been increasing attention towards these forest as the sustainable use of these resources. Organic matter has been identified as a key attribute in numerous soil properties and processes and important for productivity, community structure and fertility in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the influence of organic matter on soil depends on amount, type and size of added organic materials. The study on application of organic material was conducted in nursery stage (study 2) to evaluate the different kind and application rate of organic materials on growth and biomass accumulation and to determine suitable application for restoration of degraded forest in the humid tropics of Peninsular Malaysia. Mineral soils from degraded lands were amended with different rates of organic materials, such as pulp mill sludge, compost, oil palm mesocarp and their combinations and application rate were 0, ⅓, ½, ⅔, and ¾ of v/v. Growth measurement was conducted in every month for early growth up to 3 months after application and continued for every three months, while biomass were measured on initial, 3-, 6- and 12-month after application by destructive sampling method. Plant growth and biomass accumulation was increased by all amendments, however applied sludge with application rate 67% and more will be raising mortality rate. Growth rate of Shorea leprosula increased with decreasing application rate of mix organic materials, consequently.Based on this study, restoration program in tropical degraded forest without applied organic material indicated poor growth rate and biomass accumulation, then organic material application to be one of the requirement treatments needed for better results. Compost as well as the type of past forest structure were important factors which resulted best growth performance with high survival rate and recommended for restorationtechnique in Tekai Forest Reserve, Pahang, Malaysia and other comparative areas. The study suggest that to successful restoration program, preliminary study in nursery stage have to be done first to assist the recovery of an ecosystem that is damaged, degraded, or destroyed. Forest rehabilitation through forest plantations establishment serves to sequester large amount of carbon and are being consider as one of the reforestation options in order to reduce the increasing costs of wood from natural forests and also to decrease the pressure on remaining natural forests. Although the plantation has a potential of high productivity, it may have low yields and degrade the site if managed poorly. However, data and information on the factors that control the productivity of plantation and on ways of managing the site to maintain the productivity of successive tree crop are insufficient. Thus, the study on the effect planting design of multi-storied forest rehabilitation (study 3) and planting system (study 4) on productivity and biomass accumulation have been evaluate in order to meet the future demand of general utility timber and to combat global warming. Multi-storied forest management (MSFM) is a promising rehabilitation technique to promote forest development and management in the tropics. MSFM was established in Chikus Forest Reserve, Perak in 1992 to convert marginally poor forest into forest plantations in order to meet the future demand of general utility timber and to combat global warming. The experimental plots were set up to demonstrate five different planting designs, namely type A; one row of indigenous high quality timber species planted (Shorea leprosula) and one row of 3 years old exotic trees retained (Acacia mangium), 1:1, type B; 2:2, type C; 4:4, type D; 8:8 and type E; 16:16 in two different planting directions north to south and west to east. Each plot has an area of approximately one hectare with 3.0 m x 3.7 m spacing. The direction of planting row was not differed each other for both growth rate and survival. In the early growth up to 8 years old, diameter and height growth tends to be increase with number of row from type A to type E, except for tree height of type E, as a result of low inter-specific competition. At the age of 16 years old, S. leprosula was almost dominant in all planting designs of multi-storied forest and replacing the exotic species of A. mangium. The competition for both inter- and intra-specific was high as depicted by survival rate which decreased with increasing number of row from type B to type E as well as mean annual increment. The best performance of tree growth was type C, which is four rows of S. leprosula and four rows of A. mangium with 21.99 cm, 20.09 m and 66.4% of average diameter, total height and survival rate, respectively. The volume of best planting design was 152.23 m3 ha-1 and the total biomass was 79.42 tonnes ha-1 (≈ 34.76 tonnes net C ha-1), 59.62 tonnes ha-1 of aboveground biomass and 19.80 tonnes ha-1 of root biomass. The best planting design can absorp 124.97 tonnes net CO2. The type C of planting design is recommended for optimum growth performance, stand productivity and capacity of CO2 absorption in multi-stored forest management.The study was also derived specific equations (tier 3) and carbon content at different tree component and tree age through destructive sampling method. Biomass proportion were 56.88, 14.92, 3.48, and 24.85% for stem, branches, leaves and root, while average carbon content were 43.77, 42.63, 43.55 and 41.02%, respectively. Shorea leprosula or called light red meranti was sound to be one of the promising species for reforestation as well as for replacing exotic species, however, this species has irregular pattern of flowering and short period of seed storage. Thus, vegetative propagule offers a feasible solution for seedling production. Data on vegetative propagule performance in the field is very limited and this has to be tested before recommended for large scale plantation establishment. In particular, no biomass studies have been done in the trees from stem cuttings. The evaluation of potential production and biomass accumulation of 12-y old S. leprosula cuttings was carried out in Gunung Dahu Forest Research, West Java, Indonesia. Based on basal area distribution, destructive samplings of 18 representative trees in different spacing and planting types were also done. The results showed that the diameter and height growth and the proportion of canopy were found to have positive relationship with spacing regime except survival rate which was found to have negative relationship. Growth performance of this species in monoculture planted-system showed better results than the other in mix planted-system with pines for all spacing regimes, while the proportion of canopy was not different to each other. The regression models related to growth parameters, such as diameter (D) and total height (H) to stem volume and biomass of tree component or combination of tree component were constructed. These models were then used to estimate stem and biomass accumulation for all stands. Production potential of 12-yr-old Shorea leprosula from stem cuttings are 154.85, 136.97, 38.95 and 83.22, 72.99, 48.41 m3/ha for monoculture planted of 2 x 2, 3 x 3, 5 x 5 and mix planted with pine of 2 x 2, 3 x 3 and 5 x 5 m spacing, respectively and their total biomass accumulations are 89.89, 76.78, 24.27 and 49.74, 43.95, 30.05 ton/ha. Based on study 4, individual trees responded to wider spacing and lower competition resulted greater individual production and biomass accumulation as well as diameter growth, which monoculture planting system tends to be higher in productivity than mix-planting system. The figure for production potential and biomass accumulation indicate that their quantifications can be estimated using only D and combination D-H for both specific and a stand equations. Since forest productivity seems to be affected by suitable of species to site condition and planting technique, spacing, planting type, planting design and application of organic materials should be considered to ensure sustainability in producing high productivity and for future forest rehabilitation and restoration. Based on study 1 to 4, data of forest inventories tend to be highly variable, especially in very diverse mosaic landscapes, in different forest-type and different silviculture treatments. The study has demonstrated the tested general allometric relationships are not as accurates forest type-specific allometric equation. Thus, converting forest inventory into volume, biomass and carbon of dipterocarp forest of Southeast Asia requires the development of specific allometric relationships (study 5). For this purpose, data were collected from several sites in Southeast Asia, both from man-made forests and natural forests. Trees sampled from man-made forests were smaller than 30 cm in diameter and chosen based on diameter distribution, while trees sampled from natural forest were bigger than 20 cm in diameter and chosen depending on normality of tree structure during operational felling activities of logging companies. In total, 119 sample trees with D ranging from 1.2 cm to 114.6 cm and H ranging from 1.9 m to 59.1 m were destructively. Examination of the model residuals of the forest type-specific equation (model A) indicated that using D alone as the predictor variable produced stable relationship, but the inclusion of H as a second predictor variable increased the performance of the model, both for stem volume and biomass. Biomass expansion factor was decreased with increasing D from 1.6 for D less than 10 cm to 1.2 for D more than 40 cm. The study have therefore compared with several general allometric equations resulted that general equations are not as accurate as forest type-specific equationfor estimating biomass in the dipterocarp forest of Southeast Asia. The forest-type allometric equation is recommended for use in the estimation of biomass and stem volume from inventory measurements. Therefore, using the equations, how much emission can be reduced from the REDD project and/or how much CO2 can be absorbed from A/R and IFM project can be estimated more accurately and verifiable

Potensi Hutan Tanaman Marga Shorea Dalam Menyerap Co, Melalui Pendugaan Biomassa Di Hutan Penelitian Haurbentes

Rosot Hutan memainkan peranan penting dalam siklus ekologi secara alami dan dapat mencegah pemanasan global dengan menyerap CO2dari atmosfer dan menyimpannya sebagai karbon dalam bentuk materi organik tanaman (pada waktu fotosintesis) dan dikenal sebagai sequestrasi. Separuh massa tanaman merupakan karbon, sehingga sejumlahj besar karbon tersimpan dalam hutan sehingga hutan merupakan penyimpan karbon terbesar di dataran Bumi.Penelitian mengenai potensi hutan tanaman shorea dlam menyerap karbon dilakukan di Hutan Penelitian (HP) Haurbentes ,melalui pendugaan akumulasi volume kayu dan biomassa pada semua tanaman shorea. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengukur diameter pohon setinggi dada, tinggi total, dan tinggi bebas cabang pada semua pohon di setiap plot contoh. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa diameter (145,2cm) dan tinggi (50,9m) maksimum dicapai oleh jenis Shorea stenoptera Burck umur 63 tahun.Kemampuan tanaman shorea di HP Haurbentes dalam menyerap C02 terlihat bervariasi (Tabel 1) sesuai dengan jenis S. seminis (de Vriese) Sloot: S. leprosula Miq;s. selanica Blume; S. Palembanica Miq; S. pinanga Scheff dan S. stenoptera form Ardikusum

DENSITY EFFECTS AND STAND DENSITY MANAGEMENT DIAGRAM FOR MERKUS PINE IN THE HUMID TROPICS OF JAVA, INDONESIA

The size and quality of produced timber are greatly affected by the suitability of planting density and the practice of thinning. Density effects on stand growth and development were evaluated in a spacing trial of merkus pine(Pinus merkusii Jungh. et de Vriese ), and these data were used to establish a stand density management diagram(SDMD). Growth performance in terms of diameter at breast height (D), total height(Ht) and mortality rate were monitored for 32 years when trees were 5-36 years old. Mortality and D growth were positively density related, but H growth was not affected by density. During the measurement period, tree density decreased from 7779 to 679 trees/ha for the closest spacing and from 943 to 514 trees/ha for the widest spacing. Results suggested that optimal harvesting was at about 30 years of age if no thinning occurs. The SDMD was established to predict the course of stand development in merkus pine. The simulation of stand growth under 2m x 3m spacing and thinning options was demonstrated in a SDMD, and suggested reasonable flexibility for practical application. We recomemend using this SDMD as a tool to reexamine the thinning regime for enchancing forest productivity and wood utilization

Measuring the short-term success of hill dipterocarp forest restoration: the use of organic materials

Restoring degraded logged-over forest which is indicated by low in soil fertility and organic matter due to imbalance nutrient cycle are of paramount importance as there has been increasing attention towards these forests as the sustainable use of these resources. Forest restoration through reintroduces tree species lost, especially fast growing dipterocarp is implemented to curtail degraded logged-over forest and improve the soil fertility through organic material application is important, but only few information is available on restoration of degraded forest. The objectives of this study were: (1) to evaluate the growth and biomass accumulation on different kind and application rate of organic materials; and (2) to determine suitable application for restoration of degraded forest in the humid tropics of Peninsular Malaysia. This study was conducted at Shorea leprosula stand in Tekai Forest Reserve, Pahang, Malaysia. To evaluate the effects of organic materials on survival, growth and biomass increment, mineral soils were amended with different application rates of organic materials, such as pulp mill sludge, compost, oil palm mesocarp and their combinations. Application rate of each organic materials were 0, ?, ½, ?, and ¾ of v/v. Growth measurement was conducted in every month for early growth up to 3 months after application and continued for every three months, while biomass accumulation were measured on initial, 3-, 6- and 12-month after application by destructive sampling method. Plant growth and biomass accumulation was increased by all amendments, however their rates was decreased during early growth as a result of adaptation process. Up to 12 months analyses, the best diameter growth performance appeared by compost 66.67% (treatment 9) and combination 33.33% (treatment 17), followed by treatment 10 (compost 75%) and 18 (combination 50%), while the best height growth performance appeared by treatment 18 and 17 and followed by treatment 9. The biggest biomass increment was on treatment 9, followed by treatment 18 and 17. The treatment that should be avoided for restoration program were control (treatment 1; only mineral soil), all application rates of pulp mill sludge and mix organic materials which high rate of sludge. Root formations on sludge medium shown in broken-down condition since they absorb water and dissolved minerals from pulp mill sludge medium, moreover all leaves shown unhealthy and burned down. Restoration program in tropical degraded forest land without applied organic material indicated poor growth rate and biomass accumulation, then organic material application to be one of the requirement treatments needed for better results. Compost as well as the type of past forest structure were important factors which resulted the best growth performance with high survival rate and recommended for restoration technique in Tekai Forest Reserve, Pahang, Malaysia or other comparative areas

Pengaruh Lebar Jauh Bersih Terhadap Pertumbuhan Jenis Meranti Merah Penghasil Tengkawang (Shorea Stenoptera Dan Shorea Mecistopteryx) Di Hutan Penelitian Haurbentes, Bogor

Shorea stenoptera dan shorea mecistopteryx merupakan jenis yang populer dalam dunia perdagangan sebgai kayu tropis yang mempunyai kualitas baik dan juga dapat menghasilkan buah tengkawang. Penelitian yang dilakukan di Hutan Penelitian Haurbentes bertujuan untuk mencari pengaruh serbagai lebar jalur bersih terhadap pertumbuhan dan daya hidup jenis pohon penghasil tengkawang S.stenoptera dan S. mecitopteryx.Penelitian berdasarkan rancangan Split Plot, dengan dua jenis shores sebagai petakutama dan jalur bersih sebagai anak petak.Tiap perlakuan diulang dua kali, dengan lima perlakuan lebar jalur bersih dan jarak tanam 3mx4m. Hasilpenelitian menunjukan rata-rata persen tumbuh untuk S. stenoptera 68,31% dan S. mecistopteryx 41,34%. Tinggi untuk S. stenoptera berkisar 122,68cm-148,54cm dan berdiameter1,38cm -1,77cm sedangkan S.mecitopteryx tinggi sekitar 117,61cm-157,28cm dan diameter ,23cm-1,73cm.Perlakuan lebar jalur bersih dua meter berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap pertumbuhan diameter S. stnoptera dan S.mecistopteryx . Kesuburan tanah diareal penanaman rendash Totalpopulasi fungsi dan bakteri masing-masing adalah 0,81 x 10 CFU/gr tanah dan 10,03 x 10 CFU/gr tanah.Prestasi kerja dari mulai penyiapan lahan,penanaman dan Pemeliharaan memerlukan 82 HOK/ha

Assessing forest plantation productivity of exotic and indigenous species on degraded secondary forests

Problem Statement: There is general agreement that human activities such as deforestation and land use change to other land use types have contributed to degraded secondary forests or forestland and increases the emission of greenhouse gases which ultimately led to global climate change. An establishment of forest plantation in particular is regarded as an important approach for sequestering carbon. However, limited information exists on productivity and potential of fast growth exotic and indigenous tree plantations for sequestering CO2 from the atmosphere through photosynthesis. This study aimed at assessing the productivity and biomass accumulation along with the potential for sequestering CO2 of planted exotic and indigenous species on degraded forestland. Approach: This study was conducted at Khaya ivorensis and Hopea odorata plantations, which was planted at the Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) Research Station in Sega mat Johor, Malaysia five years ago. In order, to evaluate the forest productivity and biomass accumulation of both species, we established plots with a size of 40x30 m in three replications in each stand, followed by measuring all trees in the plots in terms of height and Diameter at Breast Height (DBH). To develop allometric equation, five representative trees at each stand were chosen for destructive sampling. Results: The growth performance in terms of mean height, DBH, annual increment of height and diameter and basal area of exotic species (K. ivorensis) was significantly higher than that of the indigenous species (H. odorata). We used the diameter alone as independent variable to estimate stem volume and biomass production of both species. The stem volume of K. ivorensis stand was 43.13 m3ha-1 and was significantly higher than H. odorata stands (33.66 m3 ha-1). The results also showed that the K. ivorensis and H. odorata stands have the potential to absorb CO2 from the atmosphere which was stored in aboveground biomass with value 15.90 Mg C ha-1 and 13.62 Mg C ha-1, respectively. In addition, the carbon content in root biomass of H. odorata stand was higher than that in K. ivorensis stand with value 7.67 Mg C ha-1 and 4.58 Mg C ha-1, respectively. Conclusion/Recommendation: The exotic (K. ivorensis) and indigenous (H. odorata) species which was planted on degraded forestland exhibited different growth rate, biomass production and ability to absorb CO2 from the atmosphere in each part of the tree. In general, forest productivity and ability to absorb CO2 from the atmosphere of exotics species (K. ivorensis) was higher than that indigenous species (H. odorata). These findings suggest that forest plantation productivity has been affected by species characteristics and suitability of species to site condition. Thus, to sustain high productivity with suitable species selection for carbon sequestration, these factors should be considered for future forest establishment

Growth performance and biomass accumulation of a Khaya ivorensis plantation in three soil series of ultisols

Problem statement: There was no information about the relationship between growth parameters, such as diameter and height and tree component biomass of Khaya ivorensis plantations with different soil types. The objectives of this study were, first, to determine and compare the growth of K. ivorensis in three different (Padang Besar, Durian and Rengam) soil series of Ultisols and, second, to develop an allometric equation that estimates the biomass accumulation of the K. ivorensis plantation in three different soil series five years after planting. Approach: This study was conducted at a K. ivorensis plantation in the Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM) Research Station in Segamat, Johor, Malaysia. The tree height (H) and Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) were measured to evaluate the growth performance of the K. ivorensis plantation. Five sampled or trees stand of K. ivorensis in each soil series were destructively analyzed. Results: The highest growth rates in terms of MAI diameter and height, and basal area were found for the Padang Besar soil series, which was followed by the Durian and Rengam soil series. The best fit regression of site-specific equations developed from the independent variable D are recommended for estimating tree component biomass and stem volume in each site. A single allometric equation using D was applicable for the estimation of biomass and stem volume however, in Padang Besar, stem biomass and stem volume were estimated with an equation using D2H. The highest stem volume and biomass accumulation value were recorded at Padang Besar (77.99 m3 h-1 and 63.16 t ha-1, respectively), which was followed by the Durian (53.10 m3 h-1 and 46.33t ha-1, respectively) and Rengam soil series (43.13 m3 h-1 and 40.96 t ha-1, respectively). Conclusion: Differences in the growth and biomass accumulation data indicate that forest productivity of K. ivorensis was affected by different site conditions. The higher growth performance and productivity of K. ivorensis in terms of the stem volume and biomass accumulation in Padang Besar compared those in the Durian and Rengam soil series shows that the species was able to adapt to the soil characteristics of the Padang Besar soil series