16 research outputs found
Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΈΡ ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΆΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ½ΠΈ
On the fundamental work βThe Siberian Shield of the Volga Strongholdβ, telling about the contribution of the Siberians and the Far-Easterns to the defeat of Nazi invaders and their Hungarian, Romanian, Italian satellites and the Spanish βBlue Divisionβ on the banks of Volga, the Great Russian River.Π ΡΡΠ½Π΄Π°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π΅ Β«Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΈΡ ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΆΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠ½ΠΈΒ», ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎ Π²ΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π³ΡΠΎΠΌ Π³ΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Ρ
Π²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
Π²Π΅Π½Π³Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
, ΡΡΠΌΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
, ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Β«ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΈΒ» Π½Π° Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅Π³Π°Ρ
Π²Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ ΠΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΈ
Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈ - Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ
Review of publication "Siberians in the battle for Moscow", which is part of the anthology "Tobolsk, and the whole of Siberia", published by the Public Charitable Foundation "Revival of Tobolsk."ΠΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Β«Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈ Π² Π±ΠΈΡΠ²Π΅ Π·Π° ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠ²ΡΒ», Π²Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π² ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠ°Π½Π°Ρ
Π° Β«Π’ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΊ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΒ», Π²ΡΠΏΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΌ Β«ΠΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π’ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΊΠ°Β»
Β«Π Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ»Π°Π²Π΅ Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π°Π²ΠΈΠ²β¦Β»: ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π² ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠ°Π½Π°Ρ Π΅
On the release of volume XIV of the almanac βTobolsk and all Siberiaβ, dedicated to the history of the Siberian Cossacks. The edition contains little-known facts and historical documents, prominent representatives of Cossack outlaws are also mentioned.Π Π°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎ Π²ΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΠ΅ XIV ΡΠΎΠΌΠ° Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠ°Π½Π°Ρ
Π° Β«Π’ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΊ ΠΈ Π²ΡΡ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΒ», ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°. Π ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ, ΡΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ
Β«Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΊΠΈΡ , Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ ...Β»
The author tells about a new publishing project of the well-known Russian Maecenas and bibliophile Arcadiy Elfimov, continues to return forgotten book rarities to a modern reader, to literary miscellany βTobolsk and all Siberiaβ, numbering 13 issues. The appendix in the form of restored library of the Siberian writers is added. The first four volumes have already been published. This project is a result of serious archeographic researches, which have revealed the new archives and documents.Π Π°ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΒ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠ° ΠΈΒ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΡΠΊΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡ ΠΠ»ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ Π·Π°Π±ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡ. ΠΒ ΡΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΊΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ»Π°Π²Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ Π°Π»ΡΠΌΠ°Π½Π°Ρ
Ρ Β«Π’ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΊ ΠΈΒ Π²ΡΡ Π‘ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΒ», Π½Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ 13Β Π²ΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ², Π΄ΠΎΠ±Π°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²Β Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ Π²ΡΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²Β ΡΠ²Π΅Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡ ΡΡΠ°Π» ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π½ΡΡ
Π°ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π²ΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΡ
Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ½Π΄Ρ ΠΈΒ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡ
Π₯Π ΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠ‘Π‘-Π‘ΠΠΠΠ’Π ΠΠΠΠ’Π ΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ― ΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠ€ΠΠΠΠ¦ΠΠ― ΠΠ ΠΠΠ£ΠΠ’ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠ’Π ΠΠ₯ΠΠΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ₯ ΠΠ ΠΠΠ ΠΠ©ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠ‘ΠΠ-ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠ Π Π ΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠΠ ΠΠ₯
The products of electrochemical transformations of organic compounds are similar in many aspects to the products of their chemical reactions. The information on the nature and the formation mechanisms of such products is important for pesticides because this allows characterizing the mechanisms of their decomposition in the soil, aquatic environments and plants. A set of electrochemical processes involving such pesticide of the strobilurin class as kresoxim-methyl [methyl (E)-2- methoxyimino-2-(2-(o-tolyloxymethyl)Βphenyl)acetate] in its solution in aqueous organic medium [mixture of an aqueous solution of ammonium formate (pH 7.4) and acetonitrile (3: 1 v/v)] with the concentration of 100 mg/mL, and the results of chromatomass-spectrometric identification (HPLC-ESI-MS-MS) of the formed products were considered. It has been revealed that hydrolysis products predominate in the mixture of the kresoxim-methyl electrolysis products, including corresponding carboxylic acid and such demethylation products as oximes. Kresoxim-methyl oxidation products, such as the corresponding hydroxamic acid, have been detected in small amounts only. At the same time, the reduction products β amines, most likely formed from oximes, β have been identified. Keeping in mind the restricted information content of the HPLC-ESI-MS-MS method for establishing the structure of the previously uncharacterized analytes, the method of comparing the relative intensities of the peaks of reaction mixture constituents detected in the positive and negative ionization modes was used in identification of the products of electrochemical transformations. The signals of the protonated amines predominate in the first case, while in the second case the compounds containing carboxyl groups ionized at pH 7.4 are detected.Keywords: Pesticides, kresoxim-methyl, electrochemical processes, hydrolysis, oxidation and reduction, identification of productsΒ DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2018.22.3.009(Russian)Tatiana I. Pushkareva, Sergey S. Ermakov, Igor G. Zenkevich,Β Β Β St. Petersburg State University,Universitetskii prosp., 26, St. Petersburg, 198504, Russian FederationΠΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΎ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌ Ρ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Ρ ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ
Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠ°Π΄Π° Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Π΅, Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Ρ
ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
. Π Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ° ΡΡΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ» [ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ» (Π)-2-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎ-[2-(2-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»)ΒΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ»]Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ] Π² Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ 100 ΠΌΠΊΠ³/ΠΌΠ» Π² Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ-ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ [ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΠ°ΡΠ° Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ (ΡΠ = 7.4) ΠΈ Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΈΠ»Π° (3 : 1 ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ)] ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎ-ΠΌΠ°ΡΡ-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ (ΠΠΠΠ₯-ΠΠ -ΠΠ‘-ΠΠ‘) ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ². Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΊΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°, Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΡ. ΠΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»Π°, Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ°Ρ Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°, ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Β Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π² Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ
. Π ΡΠΎ ΠΆΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π² ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»Π° Β Π½Π°ΠΉΠ΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ β Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½Ρ, Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΊΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΡ. ΠΠ·-Π·Π° ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Β ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Β ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΠΠΠ₯-ΠΠ -ΠΠ‘-ΠΠ‘ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Β ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π΅ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ², Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ»Π° Π±ΡΠ» ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ². Π ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ³Π½Π°Π»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π°ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ², Π° Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ β ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ = 7.4 ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ±ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ.ΠΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°: ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄Ρ, ΠΊΡΠ΅Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΌ-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ», ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ, Π³ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·, ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ²DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2018.22.3.00
The first record of natural transfer of mitochondrial DNA from Pelophylax cf. bedriagae into P. lessonae (Amphibia, Anura)
The unidirectional natural transfer of mitochondrial (mt) DNA from Pelophylax lessonae into P. ridibundus is a common phenomenon in central Europe. Cases of mtDNA exchange between P. lessonae and other non-clonal species of the genus Pelophylax have been unknown so far. In this paper, we describe the first case of mtDNA transfer from P. cf. bedriagae into P. lessonae, which was found in National Park Β«SmolnyΒ», Republic of Mordovia, Russia
Global, regional, and national incidence and mortality for HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria during 1990β2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013
BACKGROUND: The Millennium Declaration in 2000 brought special global attention to HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria through the formulation of Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 6. The Global Burden of Disease 2013 study provides a consistent and comprehensive approach to disease estimation for between 1990 and 2013, and an opportunity to assess whether accelerated progress has occured since the Millennium Declaration. METHODS: To estimate incidence and mortality for HIV, we used the UNAIDS Spectrum model appropriately modified based on a systematic review of available studies of mortality with and without antiretroviral therapy (ART). For concentrated epidemics, we calibrated Spectrum models to fit vital registration data corrected for misclassification of HIV deaths. In generalised epidemics, we minimised a loss function to select epidemic curves most consistent with prevalence data and demographic data for all-cause mortality. We analysed counterfactual scenarios for HIV to assess years of life saved through prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) and ART. For tuberculosis, we analysed vital registration and verbal autopsy data to estimate mortality using cause of death ensemble modelling. We analysed data for corrected case-notifications, expert opinions on the case-detection rate, prevalence surveys, and estimated cause-specific mortality using Bayesian meta-regression to generate consistent trends in all parameters. We analysed malaria mortality and incidence using an updated cause of death database, a systematic analysis of verbal autopsy validation studies for malaria, and recent studies (2010-13) of incidence, drug resistance, and coverage of insecticide-treated bednets. FINDINGS: Globally in 2013, there were 1Β·8 million new HIV infections (95% uncertainty interval 1Β·7 million to 2Β·1 million), 29Β·2 million prevalent HIV cases (28Β·1 to 31Β·7), and 1Β·3 million HIV deaths (1Β·3 to 1Β·5). At the peak of the epidemic in 2005, HIV caused 1Β·7 million deaths (1Β·6 million to 1Β·9 million). Concentrated epidemics in Latin America and eastern Europe are substantially smaller than previously estimated. Through interventions including PMTCT and ART, 19Β·1 million life-years (16Β·6 million to 21Β·5 million) have been saved, 70Β·3% (65Β·4 to 76Β·1) in developing countries. From 2000 to 2011, the ratio of development assistance for health for HIV to years of life saved through intervention was US$4498 in developing countries. Including in HIV-positive individuals, all-form tuberculosis incidence was 7Β·5 million (7Β·4 million to 7Β·7 million), prevalence was 11Β·9 million (11Β·6 million to 12Β·2 million), and number of deaths was 1Β·4 million (1Β·3 million to 1Β·5 million) in 2013. In the same year and in only individuals who were HIV-negative, all-form tuberculosis incidence was 7Β·1 million (6Β·9 million to 7Β·3 million), prevalence was 11Β·2 million (10Β·8 million to 11Β·6 million), and number of deaths was 1Β·3 million (1Β·2 million to 1Β·4 million). Annualised rates of change (ARC) for incidence, prevalence, and death became negative after 2000. Tuberculosis in HIV-negative individuals disproportionately occurs in men and boys (versus women and girls); 64Β·0% of cases (63Β·6 to 64Β·3) and 64Β·7% of deaths (60Β·8 to 70Β·3). Globally, malaria cases and deaths grew rapidly from 1990 reaching a peak of 232 million cases (143 million to 387 million) in 2003 and 1Β·2 million deaths (1Β·1 million to 1Β·4 million) in 2004. Since 2004, child deaths from malaria in sub-Saharan Africa have decreased by 31Β·5% (15Β·7 to 44Β·1). Outside of Africa, malaria mortality has been steadily decreasing since 1990. INTERPRETATION: Our estimates of the number of people living with HIV are 18Β·7% smaller than UNAIDS's estimates in 2012. The number of people living with malaria is larger than estimated by WHO. The number of people living with HIV, tuberculosis, or malaria have all decreased since 2000. At the global level, upward trends for malaria and HIV deaths have been reversed and declines in tuberculosis deaths have accelerated. 101 countries (74 of which are developing) still have increasing HIV incidence. Substantial progress since the Millennium Declaration is an encouraging sign of the effect of global action. FUNDING: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
The active working shoot modeling profile of the centrifugal microturbine
For the small distributed power, microturbines of electric 30-500 kW capacity are used: gas piston engines, gas and steam turbines, each of which has certain advantages and disadvantages. In the work, the active working blade profile is simulated for a single-stage, two-stream, centripetal microturbine, in order to determine the optimum profile design satisfying the reliability conditions and economy. The basis is a humidsteam microturbine of a horizontal electric version with a capacity of 30 kW. The initial data for software simulation were the microturbineactive stage characteristics, determined by the steam turbines calculation traditional methods
The active working shoot modeling profile of the centrifugal microturbine
For the small distributed power, microturbines of electric 30-500 kW capacity are used: gas piston engines, gas and steam turbines, each of which has certain advantages and disadvantages. In the work, the active working blade profile is simulated for a single-stage, two-stream, centripetal microturbine, in order to determine the optimum profile design satisfying the reliability conditions and economy. The basis is a humidsteam microturbine of a horizontal electric version with a capacity of 30 kW. The initial data for software simulation were the microturbineactive stage characteristics, determined by the steam turbines calculation traditional methods
A 1mM SIS receiver utilizing different intermediate frequency (IF) configurations
We present experimental studies of the noise performance of a prototype heterodyne SIS receiver operating at wavelengths of about 1mm. The receiver employs different 4-12GHz intermediate frequency amplification chain configurations: a standalone low noise amplifier (LNA), the LNA cascading with a cryogenic isolator, and a low noise balanced amplifier. From our experiments and measurements, we could conclude that the latter configuration demonstrates the best broadband noise performance. In fact, the receiver equipped with the balanced LNA does not have noticeable noise degradation caused by the IF hybrids of the balanced LNA scheme. Moreover, our results indicate that even broader IF bandwidth of the receivers could be prospectively reached using balanced LNAs in the IF amplification chain