Effects of adherence to bracing treatment in children with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a preliminary study

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to determine the different biological, psychological, and social factors that affect patient adherence in bracing treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. By comparing adherent and non-adherent bracing patients, we hope to gain insight into how to improve patient adherence in bracing as a means of primary treatment and to avoid secondary and tertiary treatments such as surgery. METHODS: Of the 19 patients (15 adherent, 4 non-adherent) who were examined for this study, the majority of them completed all psychosocial surveys at one time point in their bracing treatment. Patients answered surveys for multidimensional anxiety, generalized anxiety, pain-related fear and avoidance, pain catastrophizing, and quality of life. Quantitative sensory testing was performed on only 5 of the 19 patients at the time of writing. Sensory testing was conducted to gather information on thermal sensitivities and thresholds. Statistical t-test significance was determined for all surveys distributed to adherent and non-adherent bracing groups, and scaled T-scores were calculated for each survey measure to determine clinical significance. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in any measures examined between adherent and non-adherent bracing patients. The only statistically significant difference was the number of hours of brace wearing, with the adherent group wearing their brace over 11 hours more than the non-adherent group (p < 0.0004). CONCLUSIONS: Because of the underpowered nature of this study, measures for multidimensional anxiety, generalized anxiety, pain-related fear and avoidance, pain catastrophizing, and quality of life should be reexamined for potential differences between adherent and non-adherent bracing patients. Quantitative sensory testing should be included as a measure of possible sensory differences between the two groups. A future study with a larger sample size may provide greater understanding into the motivations for bracing adherence in an effort to help patients avoid more invasive means of intervention in treating adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

ホンポウ ニ ユニュウゴ ニ オケル セイロンヤケイ GALLUS LAFAYETTEI ノ ハンショク ノウリョク

セイロン野鶏は,スリランカ共和国の国鳥として手厚く保護されているものであるが,本報告は,本邦に導入後におけるその繁殖性を検討したものである。セイロン野鶏と岐阜地鶏との間のF1及びF2が作出できることを示した。Ceylon Jungle Fowls (CJFs) are designated as the national bird of the Republic of Sri Lanka and are strictly protected by the government. The present paper reports the reproductive ability of CJFs after being imported to Japan. The production of the first and second filial generation between CJFs and Gifujidoris (Gallus domesticus) was successful

Characterization of oncogene suppressor marker expression in patients with submucosal gastric carcinoma

The aim of the present study was to determine the clinical significance of p53 and p21ras p21wafl, p27kip1 and p16ink4a expression in cases of early gastric cancer. A total of 81 patients who had undergone gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy between 1971 and 2004 were retrospectively investigated. The immunohistochemical expression of p21ras, p53, p21waf1/cip1, p27kip1 and p16ink4a in the tissues was evaluated. In normal, metaplastic and tumoral mucosa, p53 was positive in 53, 87.3, and 87.1% of the cases, respectively. In the same tissues, p21ras was positivE in 85.3, 86 and 96.8%, respectively. Positivity FOR p16ink4a was DETECTED IN 46.3, 91.1 and 86% OF THE CASES, respectively, WHEREAS p27kip1 WAS positiVE IN 60, 94.7 and 95.3%, and p21wafl/cip1 WAS positivE IN 32.4, 72.7 and 71.4% OF THE CASES, respectively. All THE tumors WERE positive for p53. Tumors with lymph node invasion presented WITH OVERexpression (+4) of p53 in 47% of the cases VS. 17% OF patients who DID not HAVE lymph node involvement. THEREFORE, higher expression of p53, p21ras and p21wafl/cip1 IN the tumor exhibited a statistically significant association with lymph node involvement.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

hMYH and hMTH1 cooperate for survival in mismatch repair defective T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

hMTH1 is an 8-oxodGTPase that prevents mis-incorporation of free oxidized nucleotides into genomic DNA. Base excision and mismatch repair pathways also restrict the accumulation of oxidized lesions in DNA by removing the mis-inserted 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosines (8-oxodGs). In this study, we aimed to investigate the interplay between hMYH DNA glycosylase and hMTH1 for cancer cell survival by using mismatch repair defective T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cells. To this end, MYH and MTH1 were silenced individually or simultaneously using small hairpin RNAs. Increased sub-G1 population and apoptotic cells were observed upon concurrent depletion of both enzymes. Elevated cell death was consistent with cleaved caspase 3 accumulation in double knockdown cells. Importantly, overexpression of the nuclear isoform of hMYH could remove the G1 arrest and partially rescue the toxicity observed in hMTH1-depleted cells. In addition, expression profiles of human DNA glycosylases were generated using quantitative reverse transcriptase–PCR in MTH1 and/or MYH knockdown cells. NEIL1 DNA glycosylase, involved in repair of oxidized nucleosides, was found to be significantly downregulated as a cellular response to MTH1–MYH co-suppression. Overall, the results suggest that hMYH and hMTH1 functionally cooperate for effective repair and survival in mismatch repair defective T-ALL Jurkat A3 cells

Transoral surgery for superficial head and neck cancer: National Multi‐Center Survey in Japan

Head and neck cancers, especially in hypopharynx and oropharynx, are often detected at advanced stage with poor prognosis. Narrow band imaging enables detection of superficial cancers and transoral surgery is performed with curative intent. However, pathological evaluation and real-world safety and clinical outcomes have not been clearly understood. The aim of this nationwide multicenter study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of transoral surgery for superficial head and neck cancer. We collected the patients with superficial head and neck squamous cell carcinoma who were treated by transoral surgery from 27 hospitals in Japan. Central pathology review was undertaken on all of the resected specimens. The primary objective was effectiveness of transoral surgery, and the secondary objective was safety including incidence and severity of adverse events. Among the 568 patients, a total of 662 lesions were primarily treated by 575 sessions of transoral surgery. The median tumor diameter was 12 mm (range 1–75) endoscopically. Among the lesions, 57.4% were diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma in situ. The median procedure time was 48 minutes (range 2–357). Adverse events occurred in 12.7%. Life-threatening complications occurred in 0.5%, but there were no treatment-related deaths. During a median follow-up period of 46.1 months (range 1–113), the 3-year overall survival rate, relapse-free survival rate, cause-specific survival rate, and larynx-preservation survival rate were 88.1%, 84.4%, 99.6%, and 87.5%, respectively. Transoral surgery for superficial head and neck cancer offers effective minimally invasive treatment

A haplotype variation affecting the mitochondrial transportation of hMYH protein could be a risk factor for colorectal cancer in Chinese

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The human MutY homolog (<it>hMYH</it>), a DNA glycolsylase involved in the excision repair of oxidative DNA damage, is currently studied in colorectal cancer (CRC). We previously demonstrated a haplotype variant c.53C>T/c.74G>A of <it>hMYH </it>(T/A) increasing the risk for gastric cancer in Chinese. However, most investigations on correlation between <it>hMYH </it>and CRC are conducted in Western countries and the underlying mechanism has been poorly understood.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>To determine whether the haplotype T/A variant of <it>hMYH </it>was related to colorectal carcinogenesis, we performed a case-control study in 138 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and 343 healthy controls in a Chinese population. Furthermore, the C/G for wild-type, C/A or T/G for single base variant and T/A for haplotype variant <it>hMYH </it>cDNAs with a flag epitope tag were cloned into pcDNA3.1+ vector and transfected into cos-7 cell line. Their subcellular localizations were determined by immunofluorescence assay.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>It was found that the frequency of haplotype variant allele was statistically higher in CRC patients than that in controls (<it>P </it>= 0.02, odds ratio = 5.06, 95% confidence interval = 1.26 – 20.4). Similarly, significant difference of heterozygote frequency was indicated between the two groups (<it>P </it>= 0.019), while no homozygote was found. In addition, immunofluorescence analysis showed that hMYH protein with haplotype T/A variation presented in both nucleus and mitochondria, in contrast to the wild-type protein only converging in mitochondria. However, neither of the single missense mutations alone changed the protein subcelluar localization.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Although preliminarily, these results suggest that: the haplotype variant allele of <it>hMYH </it>leads to a missense protein, which partly affects the protein mitochondrial transportation and results as nuclear localization. This observation might be responsible for the increased susceptibility to cancers, including CRC, in Chinese.</p

インドネシヤ固有発酵食品「ダケ」の微生物

1)インドネシヤ固有のキヤッサバ粕を原料として作られる「ダケ」の主要関与微生物を,分離,同定後に確定した。2)主な微生物はSAONOらの報告したBacillussp.ではなく,糸状菌のMucor hiemalisであった。3)1市,2村の農村から得た「ダケ」試料の主要な糸状菌は共通してM. hiemalisであった。4)全ての試料から得られた乳酸菌はPediococcus Pentosacensに限られた。5)酵母も全て糸状菌酵母Saccharomycopsis sp.およびCandida sp.であった。このようにDageは農家で,それぞれ作られていたが,微生物学的には,数種の微生物のみの関与で製造されていたことがわかった。Dage is a indigenous fermented cassava press cake in limited area of Central Java Indonesia. Dr. SAONO and his coworkers studied the emploied microorganism of Dage fermantation, about 20 years ago, and reported this food made chiefly of Bacillus sp. like Japanese Natto, but not much is known clearly about microorganisms. Therefore authors collected Dage samples from Dage making fermer factories. The staple microorganism on Dage has been settled mold belonged to Mucor hiemalis, and lactic acid bacteria in Dage making was only Pediococcus pentosaceus