Effect of surface and drip irrigation on growth, yield and water use efficiency of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) – A Review

Water scarcity is a major constraint in vegetable crop production and exacerbates food insecurity in developing countries. In future, promoting the cultivation and consumption of vegetables having diversified nutrients under suitable irrigation techniques would be an inevitable practice in mitigating the adverse consequences of food insecurity (i.e., malnutrition and diseases). Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus); a fruit vegetable, consumed in several countries to fight against poverty and malnutrition due to its rich nutrient content with impressive health benefits. However, okra cultivation during the dry season is mainly dependent upon water availability. Therefore, this review study is conducted to highlight; 1) the impact of surface and drip irrigation on the growth, yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) of okra, and 2) the effect of surface and drip irrigation in combination with fertilizer and mulch on growth and development of okra. According to the analysis of available literature, among surface irrigation methods, although furrow irrigation has been widely practiced among traditional farmers, growing okra under alternate furrow irrigation with black plastic mulch at the furrow bottom has a positive impact on increasing the WUE. On other hand, the combination of nitrogen fertigation along with mulching under a 25-micron thickness black plastic sheet is an effective means to achieve a better yield advantage under drip irrigation. Further, foliar treatment of organic fertilizers like humic acid, putrescine, and application of organic manures like chicken manure attribute to enhanced growth and quality okra pods under regulated deficit irrigation through the drip system. However, despite the surface drip irrigation, investing in sub-surface drip irrigation by placing the laterals between 0.10 to 0.15 m of depth below the soil surface with daily irrigation assures the better performance of okra in sandy loam soil conditions. This compilation will support future researchers, and farmers as an approach to sustainable okra production under water-scarce conditions according to the availability of resources

TOOL FOR RESEARCHING THE DYNAMIC SYSTEM OF METAL-CUTTING MACHINE

Dynamic characteristics of the system flexibility of the machine affect the accuracy of machining, so the study of this problem is very important. Fluctuations of the machine elements significantly affect the error of the shape of the workpiece. The quality of the processing is determined not so much by the static displacements between the tool and the workpiece but the stability of the machine system as a whole. There are many solutions of vibroacoustic diagnostics devices for machines and machine-tools in the related publications. Defects in the spectrum of vibroacustic signals are found in the process of manufacturing and assembling machines in the form of discrete components, parameters of which are used in vibroacoustic diagnostics as informative diagnostic features. Along with that there is, but not so common, another type of dynamic system analysis of the machine, which can be carried out by experimental methods, or, in particular, by simulating the perturbation of a dynamic system by cutting forces of special type. Imitated disturbance is carried out by using a tool of a special form. During the processing cutting edges of the tool create a pseudorandom process with certain statistical characteristics, in particular, the correlation function. The proposed design of the tool makes it possible to perform the research of frequency parameters of the dynamic system of the machine without complex loading devices.Dynamic characteristics of the system flexibility of the machine affect the accuracy of machining, so the study of this problem is very important. Fluctuations of the machine elements significantly affect the error of the shape of the workpiece. The quality of the processing is determined not so much by the static displacements between the tool and the workpiece but the stability of the machine system as a whole. There are many solutions of vibroacoustic diagnostics devices for machines and machine-tools in the related publications. Defects in the spectrum of vibroacustic signals are found in the process of manufacturing and assembling machines in the form of discrete components, parameters of which are used in vibroacoustic diagnostics as informative diagnostic features. Along with that there is, but not so common, another type of dynamic system analysis of the machine, which can be carried out by experimental methods, or, in particular, by simulating the perturbation of a dynamic system by cutting forces of special type. Imitated disturbance is carried out by using a tool of a special form. During the processing cutting edges of the tool create a pseudorandom process with certain statistical characteristics, in particular, the correlation function. The proposed design of the tool makes it possible to perform the research of frequency parameters of the dynamic system of the machine without complex loading devices

PENGARUH KEKUATAN OTOT TUNGKAI DAN MOTIVASI LATIHAN TERHADAP KETRAMPILAN SHOOTING SISWA EKSTRAKURIULER FUTSAL SMAN 91 JAKARTA

PENGARUH KEKUATAN OTOT TUNGKAI DAN MOTIVASI LATIHAN TERHADAP KETRAMPILAN SHOOTING SISWA EKSTRAKURIKULER FUTSAL SMAN 91 JAKARTA ABSTRAK ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam rangka untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pengaruh kekuatan otot tungkai dan motivasi latihan terhadap keterampilan shooting siswa ekstrakurikuler futsal SMAN 91 Jakarta. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif asosiatif. Sampel ditetapkan sebanyak 20 siswa dengan teknik purposive sampling,. Metode penelitian menggunakan kuantitatif asosiatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan variabel kekuatan otot tungkai terhadap keterampilan shooting siswa ekstrakurikuler futsal SMAN 91 Jakarta. Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan variabel motivasi latihan terhadap keterampilan shooting siswa ekstrakurikuler futsal SMAN 91 Jakarta. Terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan kekuatan otot tungkai dan motivasi latihan secara bersama-sama terhadap keterampilan shooting siswa ekstrakurikuler futsal SMAN 91 Jakarta. Kata kunci: Kekuatan Otot Tungkai, Motivasi Latihan, Keterampilan Shooting --------------------------------------------------------------- THE EFFECT OF LIMB MUSCLE STRENGTH AND EXERCISE MOTIVATION ON SHOOTING SKILLS OF EXTRACURRICULAR FUTSAL STUDENTS OF SMAN 91 JAKARTA ABSTRACT This study was conducted in order to determine and analyze the effect of leg muscle strength and exercise motivation on the shooting skills of futsal extracurricular students at SMAN 91 Jakarta. The method used in this study is a quantitative asosiative. The sample was set as many as 20 students with purposive sampling technique. The research method uses quantitative asosiative. The results showed that there was a positive and significant effect of the variable leg muscle strength on the shooting skills of futsal extracurricular students at SMAN 91 Jakarta. There is a positive and significant effect of training motivation variable on the shooting skills of futsal extracurricular students at SMAN 91 Jakarta. There is a positive and significant effect of leg muscle strength and training motivation together on the shooting skills of futsal extracurricular students at SMAN 91 Jakarta. Keywords: Leg Muscle Strength, Exercise Motivation, Shooting Skill

Profile and Frequency of One Hundred Ankle Osteoarthritis Cases in an Indonesian Tertiary Hospital

Osteoarthritis is one of the most common cases in orthopedics and traumatology clinic. Ankle osteoarthritis is less common than osteoarthritis of hip and knee. Limited data and literature resulted in suboptimal treatment strategy. The purpose of this study was to describe the profile and frequency of ankle osteoarthritis at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, a tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia. A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was conducted on all patients diagnosed with ankle osteoarthritis enrolled in the medical record database at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Indonesia in November 2020–November 2021. Results showed that the majority of the patients were female (52%), aged ≥60 years old (44%), graduated from senior high school education (56%), and housewives (30%). The 100 patients were proportionally distributed with most of them were categorized as suffering from secondary osteoarthritis with post-trauma predominance. From the perspective of body mass index, 85% patients were classified as above normal. As many as 76% of patients presented to the hospital in an advanced stage. With the high rate of posttraumatic ankle osteoarthritis, concerns should be given more to the ankle trauma management, as well as to the population with high body mass index. Increased health promotion for general population and health care providers is also needed to reduce the tendency of late presentation at the health care facility

A nonlinearities inverse distance weighting spatial interpolation approach applied to the surface electromyography signal

Spatial interpolation of a surface electromyography (sEMG) signal from a set of signals recorded from a multi-electrode array is a challenge in biomedical signal processing. Consequently, it could be useful to increase the electrodes' density in detecting the skeletal muscles' motor units under detection's vacancy. This paper used two types of spatial interpolation methods for estimation: Inverse distance weighted (IDW) and Kriging. Furthermore, a new technique is proposed using a modified nonlinearity formula based on IDW. A set of EMG signals recorded from the noninvasive multi-electrode grid from different types of subjects, sex, age, and type of muscles have been studied when muscles are under regular tension activity. A goodness of fit measure (R2) is used to evaluate the proposed technique. The interpolated signals are compared with the actual signals; the Goodness of fit measure's value is almost 99%, with a processing time of 100msec. The resulting technique is shown to be of high accuracy and matching of spatial interpolated signals to actual signals compared with IDW and Kriging techniques

Digital Models Used in Documenting the Mosaic Areas

Digital models are considered the most important in documenting the mosaic floors tools. So, take advantage of the high capabilities in monitoring and documentation, analysis and manifesting required by the mosaic floors and murals. Also, these digital models dealing with large amounts of spatial and metadata. This means that the use of the large data that is collected from the mosaic floors and electronic transfers, which allows more than one user to access or manage and edit them to give wider dissemination horizon. Consequently, they contribute to the electronic documents for floors mosaic mural. This study shows that the numerical models can be used to perform various analyzes in documenting mosaic flooring. Keywords: Geographic Information System (GIS), spatial support decision-making (SDSS), remote sensing (RS), digital modeling (DM), mosaic floors (MF

Evaluation of cast defects in ship propeller of recycled aluminum alloy

The material used is recycled aluminum alloy. The ship’s propeller is cast through a steel mold. The macroporosity, misrun, and cold shut defects formed in the cast products of the ship’s propellers were observed for their location, geometric shape, and size. Defects are generally formed at the tip of the blade with various geometries and sizes, and shrinkage cavity defects are observed at the butt of the blade. No defects were found in the product when die mold was preheated

Application of the Morphological Analysis for the Synthesis Arrangements of Industrial Robots with Parallel Structure Mechanisms

Abstract The main features of morphological model of industrial robots are discussed, such as support system, manipulator and gripping device. These features are presented with the alternatives for their realization as separate modules. The examples of synthesis of arrangements of industrial robots are resulted on module principle with writing of their morphological formulas

Cyber defamation: a critical study of the adequacy of the law in Malaysia / Mohd. Farhan Mhd. Yahkup, Shahrul Ekhsan Hasim and Zairul Izzain Ibrahim

This research covers the area of cyber defamation that occurring via the Intemet. Before the ICT developments, defamation only occurred between two parties in the real world defamation and it was covered under the law of Torts. However, with the development of information technology, now defamation can also occur in the cyberspace and it also involve not only between two parties but also the three parties such as the Internet Service Provider (ISP) as the defamatory words are publish on their sites as the medium to commit this wrongdoing. The reason why we embarked upon this research is because we want to study and analyse the law relating to cyber defamation. In this respect, we are looking at the suitability and adequacy of our Malaysian law be it the traditional law as well as the new cyber law to deal with cyber defamation. In this research, we also have examined the law in other jurisdictions such as the United States, the United Kingdom, Singapore and Australia for comparison with our law on the issue of cyber defamation. From this research, we found out that under the Penal Code, the Defamation Act 1957 and the Communication & Multimedia Act 1998, it is still not adequate enough to deal with cyber defamation because there is no such provision from these Acts that mentioned about the third parties liability such as the ISP as compared to the law in those countries mentioned above. In the light of this legal inadequacy, our recommendations are that, these traditional laws such as the Penal Code and the Defamation Act 1957 should be amended in order to cover cyber defamation. As for the Communication & Multimedia Act 1998, it needs to be amended to include the third parties liability