LOSING YEARS OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE IN AKTOBE REGION IN 2014

Background: To analyze the disease burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among people in the Aktobe region.Purpose: This study explores the first of facts losing years of life (Years of Life Lost) to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the Aktobe region.Methods: The lost years of life are made up of two components, such as mortality rates and life expectancy. According to the international methodology we performed a calculation years of life lost index by the following formula.Results: During the studied deaths by 2014 COPD causes 156 is in the city, in rural regions 328. The high mortality rate of the city population is observed in the age of 65-69 with indicator 37 and in the second place the ages are 60-64 (29) and 70-74 (29). Here we also found that the burden of COPD is higher in age 65-69 where YLL 880.1 and age 60-64 with indicator of YLL is 820.3. Although in rural indicator the mortality rate in the age group 70-74 (72) are lower than in the age group of 65-69 (68) and the age group 70-74 (60), we found that the above YLL in the age group 65- 69 years (1617.5), and in age group 70-74 (1164.7), than in age of 75-79 years (1098.9).Conclusions: We found that despite the low death rate among the rural population aged 70-74 years, which amounts to 60 people with comparator of more high death indicator in age of groups 75- 79 and 65-69, second high years of life lost indexed in age group 65-69 with 1617.5. Our research is testified that this age group require attention to priority for provide timely, affordable medical care.Background: To analyze the disease burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among people in the Aktobe region.Purpose: This study explores the first of facts losing years of life (Years of Life Lost) to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the Aktobe region.Methods: The lost years of life are made up of two components, such as mortality rates and life expectancy. According to the international methodology we performed a calculation years of life lost index by the following formula.Results: During the studied deaths by 2014 COPD causes 156 is in the city, in rural regions 328. The high mortality rate of the city population is observed in the age of 65-69 with indicator 37 and in the second place the ages are 60-64 (29) and 70-74 (29). Here we also found that the burden of COPD is higher in age 65-69 where YLL 880.1 and age 60-64 with indicator of YLL is 820.3. Although in rural indicator the mortality rate in the age group 70-74 (72) are lower than in the age group of 65-69 (68) and the age group 70-74 (60), we found that the above YLL in the age group 65- 69 years (1617.5), and in age group 70-74 (1164.7), than in age of 75-79 years (1098.9).Conclusions: We found that despite the low death rate among the rural population aged 70-74 years, which amounts to 60 people with comparator of more high death indicator in age of groups 75- 79 and 65-69, second high years of life lost indexed in age group 65-69 with 1617.5. Our research is testified that this age group require attention to priority for provide timely, affordable medical care

Semi-interpenetrating Polymer Networks of Polyelectrolytes

This review is devoted to synthetic pathways, swelling-deswelling behavior, physico-chemical and physico-mechanical properties as well as stimuli-sensitivity of semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (SIPNs) based on crosslinked and linear polymers. The main attention is paid to systems composed of neutral or charged three-dimensional networks with embedded neutral or charged macromolecules. The peculiarities of template (co)polymerization of hydrophilic monomers in the presence of water-soluble polymers as a matrix are emphasized. Nonionic hydrogel matrixes, namely polyacrylamide, poly(acrylamideco-acrylic acid), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) that are able to exhibit the sensitivity to dielectric permittivity, pH and temperature are mostly considered. Typical water-soluble polymers which serve as a matrix and are immobilized within networks represent the sensitive to environment water-soluble nonionic, anionic, cationic and amphoteric ones. Some examples of alginate and chitosan based SIPNs are demonstrated because these polysaccharides distinguish by commercial availability and biodegradability. Synthetic protocols of the organic-inorganic hybrid SIPN as well as hydrogel-protein SIPN are given. The SIPNs obtained by interpolyelectrolyte reactions, e.g. by interaction of ionic networks with oppositely charged linear macromolecules at gel-solution interface are also exemplified. The SIPNs containing enzymes, catalytic active functional groups, polymer-metal complexes, and nanoparticles exhibit high catalytic activity in hydrolysis, hydrogenation and decomposition of low-molecular-weight substrates. Structural, morphological, physico-chemical and physico-mechanical properties of SIPNs are determined by both network structure and nature of immobilized linear polymers. Application aspects of SIPN include drug delivery systems, pervaporation and fuel cell membranes, gel-immobilized nanosized catalysts, solar technology etc

Training and methodological support to the process of future teachers' readiness formation to implement the younger generation civic education

© The authors. The relevance of this problem study is due to the fact that main disadvantage of many manuals and textbooks in teachers training high schools is the lack of definition and solution of civic education problems, as well as undeveloped effective, methodologically competent, comprehensive system of civil education of the younger generation. In this regard, this article is aimed at the development of training and methodological support to the process of future teachers' readiness formation for the younger generation civil education implementation. A leading approach to this problem study is a systematic approach aimed at interdependence and interdependence ensuring in the development of civil meaningful personal and professional qualities of students. The article presents the structure and content of training and methodological support to the process of future teachers' readiness formation to implement the students' civic education, consisting of a comprehensive curriculum, of special course "Civic education of the younger generation" and diagnostic tools to assess the levels of future teachers' readiness formation for the younger generation civil education implementation. The article can be used in the system of retraining and advanced training of teachers and in education process of teachers training high schools and pedagogical colleges

The system of educating pre-service teachers to implement civic education in schools

© 2015, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved. Russia is undergoing difficult time changes in social development and radical changes that cause ambiguous consequences in social sentiments, behavioral practices and values of younger generation. In this regard, one of the socio-political challenges of Russia at the present moment is formation of civic society. This article concerns the development of the preservice teacher readiness to implement civic education of younger generation. The primary result of the article is the developed by the authors system of future teachers’ training for implementation of civic education among future students. The article submissions may be useful for school teachers, teachers of vocational education institutions, as well as for the preservice teachers

Screening for efficient agents for transportation and treatment of oil of South-Khylchuiu field

Oil of most of domestic and abroad fields is produced by a flooding of oil-bearing formations method. That leads to intensive mixing of oil and formation water and unavoidable formation of persistent water-oil emulsions. Demulsifiers are used to destroy water-oil emulsions and obtain commercial oil in gathering, transportation and treatment systems. In case of high water cut and certain modes of transportation demulsifiers can be a reason of free water formation. Due to its aggressive behavior water can lead to corrosion of a lower part of pipeline system. Therefore, along with demulsifiers a corrosion inhibitor is injected into systems of well fluid transportation. But some demulsifiers, having good washing properties, wash off from internal walls of pipes both an oil film and protective film of corrosion inhibitor adsorbed on them. In turn, some corrosion inhibitors can be emulsifiers, and adding them to a system of intratubular demulsification can have a negative effect on the processes of separation of water from oil. In this regard, compatibility of demulsifiers and corrosion inhibitors is very relevant question. A solution for such problems needs to screen agents that will not reduce demulsifying and protective properties of each other. Oil of South-Khylchuiu field has high paraffin content and positive pour point. So, during transpiration it is needed to take into account that at low temperatures oil reveals non-Newtonian properties. Stop in transportation will possibly show formation of paraffin structures. That can lead to decrease in rate capacity of pipeline and significantly complicate operation. Studies, carried out in the field of transportation of oil with high paraffin content, revealed that in order to improve transportation of high-hardening oil and heavy oil products it is possible to use substances such as flow stimulators (depressant additives). This method does not require large additional capital costs. With a sufficiently wide development of production of additives it can be economically more profitable compared to other methods of transportation

СИНДРОМ ЛАЙЕЛЛА В СУДЕБНО-МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ И ПАТОЛОГО- АНАТОМИЧЕСКОЙ ПРАКТИКЕ

We report 9 clinicopathologic cases of Lyell’s syndrome, known as toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). Five deceased patients had dermal exposure to cow parsnip, grey mercury ointment or whitening agents. In 4 cases, TEN developed in the course of drug treatment as a part of polytherapy, and in one of them it was accompanied with the infection. All of TEN patients suffered from acute or chronic diseases, endogenous or exogenous intoxication, immunodeficiency.Приводятся 9 клинико-морфологических наблюдений синдрома Лайелла (токсического эпидермального некролиза, ТЭН). У 5 умерших были перкутанные варианты ТЭН в результате контакта с борщевиком, серой ртутной мазью, белилами. В 4 наблюдениях причиной ТЭН были лекарственные средства при политерапии и в одном из них в сочетании с инфекцией. У всех пациентов ТЭН развился на фоне хронических и острых заболеваний, эндо- и экзотоксикозов, иммунодефицита

Pedagogical and psychological conditions implementation of students personal formation in university social and cultural environment

© 2017 Serials Publications.In modern social cultural conditions of the transition period in the development of society in pedagogics of the higher school the paradigm of personality-oriented education is implemented, the main value of which students' personal formation is recognized. One of the ways to solve this problem is the formation and development of University environment, its pedagogization with practical realization of the pedagogical conditions which optimize the mechanism of personal formation of the student under the influence of the sociocultural environment of the University. The article is aimed at the development and experimental testing of pedagogical conditions' efficiency of students' personal development in socio-cultural environment of the University. During research the following methods were used: Diagnostic; observational; experimental; generalization of pedagogical experience; methods of calculating of the selected integrity; methods of mathematical and statistical processing of experimental data. The base of the study is Amur State University. The diagnostic stage of the experiment study included 1014 students of 1-5 courses of nine faculties. The formative stage of the experiment included 156 students of the Faculty of Social Sciences. It is proved that the process of students' personal formation is optimized while respecting the complex of following pedagogical conditions: Social and educational, providing updating and personalization of the social and cultural environment of high school as a space for students' personal formation; organizational and pedagogical involving development of sociocultural environment of high school by students at various levels; psychological-pedagogical, aimed at enhancing students' desire for self-development, self-improvement