Segmental sandwich osteotomy of the posterior mandible in pre-implant surgery : a systematic review

The rehabilitation of the atrophic posterior mandible with dental implants often requires bone augmentation procedures. The aim of the present study is the systematic review of the literature concerning the success rate of Segmental Sandwich Osteotomy (SSO) of the posterior mandible in pre-implant surgery. Systematic review of all clinical cases and clinical studies of SSO of the posterior mandible in pre-implant surgery with a minimum follow-up of 6 months after implant loading was performed, based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. The search strategy involved searching the electronic databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE, COCHRANE LIBRARY, Clinical Trials (www.clinicaltrials.gov) and National Research Register (www.controlled-trials.com), supplemented by a manual search, in August 2015. In every study, the intervention characteristics and the outcome were recorded. Out of the 756 initial results, only 17 articles fulfilled the predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. They consisted of 9 retrospective case reports or series and 8 prospective randomized clinical trials. Overall, the studies included 174 patients. In these patients, 214 SSO augmentation procedures were performed in the posterior mandible and 444 implants were placed. The follow-up period after implant loading ranged between 8 months and 5.5 years. The success rate of SSO ranged between 90% and 100%. The implant survival during the follow-up period ranged between 90.9% and 100%. Segmental Sandwich Osteotomy should be considered as a well documented technique for the rehabilitation of the atrophic posterior mandible, with long-term postsurgical follow-up. The success rates are very high, as well as the survival of the dental implants placed in the augmented area

COVID-19 και εκτέλεση συμβάσεων ναύλωσης και θαλάσσιας μεταφοράς

Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία αποτελεί μία επισκόπηση των επιδράσεων της πανδημίας της νόσου COVID-19 στον κλάδο της ναυτιλίας, στη ναυτιλιακή οικονομία εν γένει, με ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στις δύο κομβικές συμβάσεις του Ναυτικού Δικαίου, αυτές της ναύλωσης και της θαλάσσιας μεταφοράς εμπορευμάτων. Άλλωστε, η ναυτιλία αποτελεί έναν από τους τομείς της ανθρώπινης δραστηριότητας με έντονο οικονομικό ενδιαφέρον που δέχτηκαν τη μεγαλύτερη επίδραση από την εμφάνιση της πανδημίας, λόγω του παγκοσμιοποιημένου χαρακτήρα, ίδιον τόσο της ναυτιλιακής δραστηριότητας όσο και της πρόσφατης πανδημίας. Μετά από μία σύντομη ψηλάφηση των επιπτώσεων του κορωνοϊού στην οικονομία, αλλά και των αντιδράσεων των διεθνών οργανισμών, δίδεται έμφαση στις επιπτώσεις που προκαλεί ένα γεγονός τέτοιας έκτασης και έντασης στις δύο αυτές συμβάσεις, λαμβάνοντας υπόψη και τα διαφορετικά στάδια που συνεπάγεται ένα δυναμικό γεγονός σαν αυτό. Ιδιαίτερο ενδιαφέρον παρουσιάζει τόσο ο προβληματισμός γύρω από την επίκληση του κορωνοϊού ως λόγο ανωτέρας βίας για την μερική ή ολική απεμπλοκή από την εκτέλεση μίας σύμβασης, όσο και οι δυνατότητες αξιοποίησης των ρητρών off-hire και, ακόμα περισσότερο, αυτές των μολυσματικών ασθενειών (Infectious or contagious diseases clause). Παράλληλα, δεδομένου του κεντρικού ρόλου που διαδραματίζει η υποχρέωση αξιοπλοΐας στην εκτέλεση αμφότερων των συμβάσεων, δε θα ήταν δυνατόν να μην αποτελέσει αντικείμενο μελέτης της συγκεκριμένης εργασίας, ιδιαίτερα υπό το πρίσμα της αδυναμίας αλλαγής πληρώματος λόγω της ενσκήψασας πανδημίας.The present dissertation constitutes an overview of the impact the COVID-19 pandemic had on shipping, shipping economy in general, focusing on the two most crucial contracts of Maritime Law, charterparties and carriage of goods by sea. Besides, shipping is a field of human activity with major economic importance that has been affected the most by the pandemic in question, mostly because of its global nature, peculiar both to the shipping activities and the recent pandemic. After a brief overview of the economic impacts of coronavirus, as well as the reaction of international organizations, the consequences of an event of such extent and such volume on these two contracts are highlighted, by taking into account the different stages that follow such a dynamic event as this one. The problematic in relation to the possibility of considering coronavirus as a force majeure event in order to disengage fully or partially from performing a contract and the possibility of using off-hire and infectious or contagious diseases clauses are also of high interest. At the same time, given the crucial role seaworthiness plays for the performance of both contracts, it would be impossible not to examine it, especially in the light of the Crew Change Crisis

Primary tooth abscess caused by Mycobacterium bovis in an immunocompetent child

Bovine tuberculosis is a zoonotic disease, and although its incidence has dramatically decreased in developed countries where effective control measures are applied, it still remains a potential health hazard in the developing world. Tuberculosis of the oral cavity is extremely rare and is usually secondary to pulmonary involvement. We present the unusual case of an immunocompetent 6-year-old child residing in an urban area with primary oral tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis, which was confirmed by the application of a molecular genetic approach. M. bovis belongs to Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex which comprises species with close genetic relationship, and for this reason, the use of new molecular techniques is a useful tool for the differentiation at species level of the closely related members of this complex

RNA interference in Lepidoptera: an overview of successful and unsuccessful studies and implications for experimental design

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Perceived Effects of Orthognathic Surgery versus Orthodontic Camouflage Treatment of Convex Facial Profile Patients.

Increased facial profile convexity has a common occurrence in the population and is a primary reason for seeking orthodontic treatment. The present study aimed to compare the perceived changes in facial profile appearance between patients treated with combined orthognathic/orthodontic treatment versus only orthodontic camouflage treatment. For this reason, 18 pairs of before- and after-treatment facial profile photos per treatment group (n = 36 patients) were presented to four types of assessors (surgeons, orthodontists, patients, laypeople). Ratings were recorded on 100 mm visual analogue scales depicted in previously validated questionnaires. All rater groups identified minor positive changes in the facial profile appearance after exclusively orthodontic treatment, in contrast to substantial positive changes (14% to 18%) following combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery. The differences between the two treatment approaches were slightly larger in the lower face and the chin than in the lips. The combined orthodontic and orthognathic surgery interventions were efficient in improving the facial appearance of patients with convex profile, whereas orthodontic treatment alone was not. Given the significant influence of facial aesthetics on various life aspects and its pivotal role in treatment demand and patient satisfaction, healthcare providers should take these findings into account when consulting adult patients with a convex facial profile

A Dynamic Regulation and Scheduling Scheme for Real-Time Traffic Management

Typical rate-based traffic management schemes for real-time applications attempt to allocate resources by controlling the packet delivery to the resource arbitrator (scheduler). This control is typically based only on the characteristics of the particular (tagged) traffic stream and would fail to optimally adjust to non-nominal network conditions such as overload. In this paper, a dynamic Regulation and Scheduling (dynamic-R&S) scheme is proposed whose regulation function is modulated by both the tagged stream's characteristics and some information capturing the state of the co-existing applications as provided by the scheduler. The performance of the proposed scheme -- as well as the equivalent static one -- is investigated under both underload and overload traffic conditions and the substantially better throughput / jitter characteristics of the dynamic-R&S scheme are established. Please send correspondence to: Prof. Ioannis Stavrakakis ECE Dept., 409 Dana Building, Northeastern Uni..

An Integrated Regulation and Scheduling Scheme for Real-Time Traffic Management

Typical rate-based traffic management schemes for realtime applications attempt to allocate resources by controlling the packet delivery to the resource arbitrator (scheduler) . This control is typically based only on the characteristics of the particular (tagged) traffic stream and would fail to optimally adjust to non-nominal network conditions such as overload. In this paper, an integrated Regulation and Scheduling (dynamic-R&S) scheme is proposed whose regulation function is modulated by both the tagged stream's characteristics and some information capturing the state of the co-existing applications as provided by the scheduler. The performance of the proposed scheme -- as well as that of the equivalent static one -- is investigated under both underload and overload traffic conditions -- both analytically and through simulation -- and the substantially better throughput / jitter characteristics of the dynamic-R&S scheme are established. 1 Introduction A secure solution to the prob..