Does native Trypanosoma cruzi calreticulin mediate growth inhibition of a mammary tumor during infection?

Indexación: Web of Science.Background: For several decades now an antagonism between Trypanosoma cruzi infection and tumor development has been detected. The molecular basis of this phenomenon remained basically unknown until our proposal that T. cruzi Calreticulin (TcCRT), an endoplasmic reticulum-resident chaperone, translocated-externalized by the parasite, may mediate at least an important part of this effect. Thus, recombinant TcCRT (rTcCRT) has important in vivo antiangiogenic and antitumor activities. However, the relevant question whether the in vivo antitumor effect of T. cruzi infection is indeed mediated by the native chaperone (nTcCRT), remains open. Herein, by using specific modified anti-rTcCRT antibodies (Abs), we have neutralized the antitumor activity of T. cruzi infection and extracts thereof, thus identifying nTcCRT as a valid mediator of this effect. Methods: Polyclonal anti-rTcCRT F(ab')(2) Ab fragments were used to reverse the capacity of rTcCRT to inhibit EAhy926 endothelial cell (EC) proliferation, as detected by BrdU uptake. Using these F(ab')(2) fragments, we also challenged the capacity of nTcCRT, during T. cruzi infection, to inhibit the growth of an aggressive mammary adenocarcinoma cell line (TA3-MTXR) in mice. Moreover, we determined the capacity of anti-rTcCRT Abs to reverse the antitumor effect of an epimastigote extract (EE). Finally, the effects of these treatments on tumor histology were evaluated. Results: The rTcCRT capacity to inhibit ECs proliferation was reversed by anti-rTcCRT F(ab')(2) Ab fragments, thus defining them as valid probes to interfere in vivo with this important TcCRT function. Consequently, during infection, these Ab fragments also reversed the in vivo experimental mammary tumor growth. Moreover, anti-rTcCRT Abs also neutralized the antitumor effect of an EE, again identifying the chaperone protein as an important mediator of this anti mammary tumor effect. Finally, as determined by conventional histological parameters, in infected animals and in those treated with EE, less invasive tumors were observed while, as expected, treatment with F(ab')(2) Ab fragments increased malignancy. Conclusion: We have identified translocated/externalized nTcCRT as responsible for at least an important part of the anti mammary tumor effect of the chaperone observed during experimental infections with T. cruzi.http://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-016-2764-

Elastic scattering and α -particle production in 6 He + 208 Pb collisions at 22 MeV

Experimental results of the elastic scattering of 6He on 208Pb at E LAB=22 MeV, measured at the CRC facility (Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium), are presented, including results on the 4He production channel. These data were taken with full angular coverage and high angular resolution. Both experimental cross sections are compared with continuum discretized coupled channels and distorted-wave Born approximation calculations, where direct breakup and transfer to the continuum processes are considered. The elastic data confirm the absence of the Coulomb rainbow, while the distribution of α particles indicates that such production is mostly generated by transfer to the continuum.MICINN FPA2005-04460 FPA200502379 FPA2006-13807-c02-01 FPA2007-63074 FPA2009-07653 FPA2009-07387 FPA2010-22131-C02-01Junta de Andalucía FQM-4964Programa Consolider-Ingenio 2010 CSD2007-00042Comisión Europea HPRI-CT-1999-0011

ACEITE ESENCIAL DE FOLLAJE DE Peumus boldus Molina COLECTADO EN OTOÑO PARA EL CONTROL DE GORGOJO DEL MAÍZ Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky

Maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky) is one of the major pests of stored grains worldwide. Contact and fumigant toxicity, as well as repellent effects of essential oil from leaves of Peumus boldus Molina were tested in the laboratory against maize weevil. Leaves of Peumus boldus Molina were collected in autumn. The highest contact toxicity activity was obtained in concentrations of 2.0 and 4.0% (v/w) with 80 and 100% of mortality in the treated surface bioassay, and 81.1 and 100% in treated grain tests, respectively. In the bioassay of fumigant toxicity, the treatments of 30 and 35 µL essential oil 0.15 L-1 air showed 92.5 and 100% of dead insects. In the immature stage control bioassay, adult insect emergence (F1 ) in control was observed from week six, while treatments of 2.0 and 4.0% (v/w) of essential oil inhibited insect emergence in 100%. All the treatments assessed were repellents against adults of S. zeamais and maize germination was not affected when grains were mixed with essential oil. The essential oil of P. boldus has potential to be developed as a natural insecticide to control S. zeamais.El gorgojo del maíz (Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky) es una de las plagas de los granos almacenados más importantes a nivel mundial. Se evaluó en condiciones de laboratorio la toxicidad como insecticida de contacto, fumigante y repelente del aceite esencial de hojas de Peumus boldus Molina, colectadas en otoño, para el control de S. zeamais. La mayor toxicidad por contacto se obtuvo con las concentraciones de 2,0 y 4,0% (v/p) con 80 y 100% de mortalidad en el bioensayo con una superficie tratada, y 81,1 y 100%, respectivamente, en las pruebas con grano tratado. En el bioensayo de toxicidad por efecto fumigante los tratamientos de 30 y 35 µL aceite esencial 0,15 L-1 aire mostraron 92,5 y 100% de insectos muertos. En el control de estados inmaduros, la emergencia (F1 ) de insectos adultos en el testigo se observó a partir de la semana seis mientras que los tratamientos de 2,0 y 4,0% (v/p) de aceite esencial inhibieron la emergencia en un 100%. Todos los tratamientos evaluados fueron repelentes contra adultos de S. zeamais y la germinación del maíz no se vio afectada al mezclar el grano con el aceite esencial. El aceite esencial de P. boldus tiene potencial para ser desarrollado como insecticida natural para el control de S. zemais

Molecular study of drought response in the mediterranean conifer Pinus pinaster Ait.: protein-coding-transcript profiling

The aim ofthis work is to go a step further towards the understanding ofthe molecular mechanisms underlying maritime pine response to water stress and drought tolerance

Molecular study of drought response in the mediterranean conifer Pinus pinaster Ait.: protein-coding-transcript profiling

The aim ofthis work is to go a step further towards the understanding ofthe molecular mechanisms underlying maritime pine response to water stress and drought tolerance

Elastic scattering and α-particle production in 6He + 208Pb collisions at 22 MeV

Experimental results of the elastic scattering of 6He on 208Pb at ELAB = 22 MeV, measured at the CRC facility (Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium), are presented, including results on the 4He production channel. These data were taken with full angular coverage and high angular resolution. Both experimental cross sections are compared with continuum discretized coupled channels and distorted-wave Born approximation calculations, where direct breakup and transfer to the continuum processes are considered. The elastic data confirm the absence of the Coulomb rainbow, while the distribution of α particles indicates that such production is mostly generated by transfer to the continuum.This work has been supported by the Spanish MICINN under projects FPA2005-04460, FPA200502379, FPA2006-13807-c02-01, FPA2007-63074, FPA2009-07653, FPA2009-07387 and FPA2010 22131-C02-01, by the Junta de Andalucia project FQM-4964, by the Spanish Consolider-Ingenio 2010 Programme CPAN (CSD2007-00042) and Programme Multi-Dark (CSD2009-00064), by the European Community-Access to Research Infrastructure action of the Improving Human Potential Program Contract, No. HPRI-CT-1999-00110, and by the Belgian Program P5/07 on interuniversity attraction poles of the Belgian-state Federal Services for Scientific, Technical and Cultural Affairs. L. Acosta acknowledges financial support by the Universidad de Huelva

Cuídate

Convocatoria proyectos de innovación de Extremadura 2019/2020Se describe un proyecto llevado a cabo en el IES Dr. Fernández Santa (Los Santos de Maimona, Badajoz) orientado al desarrollo óptimo del alumnado, mediante la promoción de un estado de salud adecuado que consiga el bienestar y la calidad de vida de la población adolescente, en el que el profesor se convierte en guía de esos hábitos de una manera multidisciplinar, es decir consiguiendo que cada asignatura o módulo formativo interaccione con otras disciplinas y con el entorno y la realidad del alumno. Para su puesta en marcha se utilizan metodologías activas. Otros objetivos del proyecto son: mejorar el proceso de evaluación de los alumnos, de la función docente y del propio proceso educativo; educar emocionalmente al alumno; construir un aprendizaje que atienda a las inteligencias múltiples del alumnado (lingüístico-verbal, lógico-matemática, visual-espacial, musical, etc.); dotar a los alumnos de técnicas y rutinas de estudio y trabajo que les ayuden en el proceso de aprender, favorecer el trabajo multidisciplinar de los docentes del centro educativo, etc.ExtremaduraES

Theia: Faint objects in motion or the new astrometry frontier

In the context of the ESA M5 (medium mission) call we proposed a new satellite mission, Theia, based on relative astrometry and extreme precision to study the motion of very faint objects in the Universe. Theia is primarily designed to study the local dark matter properties, the existence of Earth-like exoplanets in our nearest star systems and the physics of compact objects. Furthermore, about 15 $\%$ of the mission time was dedicated to an open observatory for the wider community to propose complementary science cases. With its unique metrology system and "point and stare" strategy, Theia's precision would have reached the sub micro-arcsecond level. This is about 1000 times better than ESA/Gaia's accuracy for the brightest objects and represents a factor 10-30 improvement for the faintest stars (depending on the exact observational program). In the version submitted to ESA, we proposed an optical (350-1000nm) on-axis TMA telescope. Due to ESA Technology readiness level, the camera's focal plane would have been made of CCD detectors but we anticipated an upgrade with CMOS detectors. Photometric measurements would have been performed during slew time and stabilisation phases needed for reaching the required astrometric precision

Global attitudes in the management of acute appendicitis during COVID-19 pandemic: ACIE Appy Study

Background: Surgical strategies are being adapted to face the COVID-19 pandemic. Recommendations on the management of acute appendicitis have been based on expert opinion, but very little evidence is available. This study addressed that dearth with a snapshot of worldwide approaches to appendicitis. Methods: The Association of Italian Surgeons in Europe designed an online survey to assess the current attitude of surgeons globally regarding the management of patients with acute appendicitis during the pandemic. Questions were divided into baseline information, hospital organization and screening, personal protective equipment, management and surgical approach, and patient presentation before versus during the pandemic. Results: Of 744 answers, 709 (from 66 countries) were complete and were included in the analysis. Most hospitals were treating both patients with and those without COVID. There was variation in screening indications and modality used, with chest X-ray plus molecular testing (PCR) being the commonest (19\ub78 per cent). Conservative management of complicated and uncomplicated appendicitis was used by 6\ub76 and 2\ub74 per cent respectively before, but 23\ub77 and 5\ub73 per cent, during the pandemic (both P < 0\ub7001). One-third changed their approach from laparoscopic to open surgery owing to the popular (but evidence-lacking) advice from expert groups during the initial phase of the pandemic. No agreement on how to filter surgical smoke plume during laparoscopy was identified. There was an overall reduction in the number of patients admitted with appendicitis and one-third felt that patients who did present had more severe appendicitis than they usually observe. Conclusion: Conservative management of mild appendicitis has been possible during the pandemic. The fact that some surgeons switched to open appendicectomy may reflect the poor guidelines that emanated in the early phase of SARS-CoV-2