Artificially sweetened beverages and the response to the global obesity crisis

In March 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) published revised guidelines on sugar intake that call on national governments to institute policies to reduce sugar intake and increase the scope for regulation of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). • In face of the growing threat of regulatory action on SSBs, transnational beverage companies are responding in multiple ways, including investing in the formulation and sales of artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs), promoted as healthier alternatives to SSBs. • The absence of consistent evidence to support the role of ASBs in preventing weight gain and the lack of studies on other long-term effects on health strengthen the position that ASBs should not be promoted as part of a healthy diet. • The promotion of ASBs must be discussed in a broader context of the additional potential impacts on health and the environment. In addition, a more robust evidence base, free of conflicts of interest, is needed

Influência do acondicionamento na retenção de B-caroteno em farinha de raspa de mandioca biofortificada.

Neste estudo avaliou-se o uso de uma embalagem de PETmet/PEBD na retenção de carotenóides da farinha de raspa de mandioca sendo realizado o acondicionamento do produto com e sem vácuo com posterior estocagem a 25 °C/75% UR. Observa-se aos 45 dias de estocagem uma perda superior a 50% de ß-caroteno na embalagem PETmet/PEBD sem vácuo, e 30% no PETmet/PEBD com vácuo aos 118 dias de estocagem

Influência do acondicionamento na retenção de ß-caroteno em chips de mandioca biofortificada.

Neste trabalho avaliou-se o uso de uma embalagem de BOPP met/BOPP, material utilizado no mercado para produtos similares sendo realizado o acondicionamento do produto no ar (21% de oxigênio) e com inertização com nitrogênio (2,7% de oxigênio) com posterior estocagem a 25 °C/75% UR. Na embalagem de BOPP/BOPP metalizado no ar a perda de 50% do teor de ß-caroteno ocorreu próximo aos 60 dias de estocagem, enquanto que na embalagem inertizada esta perda ocorreu próximo aos 90 - 100 dias de estocagem

Human Health Risk Assessment (HHRA) for environmental development and transfer of antibiotic resistanc

This is the final version of the article. Available from NIEHS via the DOI in this record.Open access journalBACKGROUND: Only recently has the environment been clearly implicated in the risk of antibiotic resistance to clinical outcome, but to date there have been few documented approaches to formally assess these risks. OBJECTIVE: We examined possible approaches and sought to identify research needs to enable human health risk assessments (HHRA) that focus on the role of the environment in the failure of antibiotic treatment caused by antibiotic-resistant pathogens. METHODS: The authors participated in a workshop held 4-8 March 2012 in Québec, Canada, to define the scope and objectives of an environmental assessment of antibiotic-resistance risks to human health. We focused on key elements of environmental-resistance-development "hot spots," exposure assessment (unrelated to food), and dose response to characterize risks that may improve antibiotic-resistance management options. DISCUSSION: Various novel aspects to traditional risk assessments were identified to enable an assessment of environmental antibiotic resistance. These include a) accounting for an added selective pressure on the environmental resistome that, over time, allows for development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB); b) identifying and describing rates of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in the relevant environmental "hot spot" compartments; and c) modifying traditional dose-response approaches to address doses of ARB for various health outcomes and pathways. CONCLUSIONS: We propose that environmental aspects of antibiotic-resistance development be included in the processes of any HHRA addressing ARB. Because of limited available data, a multicriteria decision analysis approach would be a useful way to undertake an HHRA of environmental antibiotic resistance that informs risk managers.This manuscript was conceived at a workshop (Antimicrobial Resistance in the Environment: Assessing and Managing Effects of Anthropogenic Activities) held 4–8 March 2012 in Montebello, Québec, Canada. The workshop was sponsored by the Canadian Society of Microbiologists, with financial support from AstraZeneca Ltd.; Pfizer Animal Health; F. Hoffman-La Roche Ltd.; GlaxoSmithKline; Unilever; Huvepharma; the American Cleaning Institute; the Canadian Animal Health Institute; the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety; Health Canada; and the Public Health Agency of Canada

Human Health Risk Assessment (HHRA) for environmental development and transfer of antibiotic resistance

Background: Only recently has the environment been clearly implicated in the risk of antibiotic resistance to clinical outcome, but to date there have been few documented approaches to formally assess these risks. Objective: We examined possible approach

Ann Occup Hyg

CC999999/Intramural CDC HHS/United States2015-11-01T00:00:00Z25193937PMC461846

Assessment of Agricultural Practices in Maize Crops (Zea mays) Based on Elemental Profile and Chemometrics Analysis

In this work the effects produced by two treatments onmaize crop samples have been studied. Analysis of maize grain based on twotypes of agronomical conditions was performed on: (a) lots treated withdifferent fertilizers and (b) lots with different crop density. Analysis wascarried out by microwave induced plasma with optical emission spectrometry (MIPOES) and included the quantification of 11 elements: Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg,Mn, Ni, P, Pb and Zn. With the purpose of understand the effect of agriculturalpractices on elemental profile, principal components analysis (PCA) and clusteranalysis (CA) were used as chemometrics tools, finding a correct grouping ofeach crop based on the type of treatment. The obtained models can be useful toevaluate agricultural strategies, as well as for determining potential yieldsin maize crops.Fil: Zaldarriaga Heredia, Jorgelina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa; ArgentinaFil: Moldes, Carlos Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa; ArgentinaFil: Savio, Marianela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa; ArgentinaFil: Azcarate, Silvana Mariela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa; ArgentinaFil: Gil, Raul Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Química de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Química de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Camiña, José Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa. Universidad Nacional de La Pampa. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa; Argentin

Quantification of Some Metals in Commonly Consumed Canned Foods in South-west Nigeria: Probable Pointer to Metal Toxicity

Canned foods are one of the most commonly consumed products, due to benefits like the taste, handiness and convenience derived from them. On the other hand, these dietary products may be a means of heavy metal exposure and toxicant. This study aimed to quantify metals content in some frequently consumed canned foods in Nigeria as a possible source of toxicity. Twenty-two different commonly consumed brands of canned foods (Sweet corn, Green peas, Corned beef, Hotdog, Mushroom, Tin tomato, Mixed fruit, Baked beans, Mackerel (tomato sauce canned fish), Sardine (canned fish in vegetable oil) and Red kidney were analyzed for Ni, Cr, Cu, Pb and Al using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer after wet digestion. The results showed that the heavy metals concentration in the samples under study ranged from 0.55 to 0.86mg/kg (Ni), 0.00 to 0.41mg/kg (Cr), 1.40 to 1.76 mg/kg (Pb), 0.07 to 0.2mg/kg (Cu) and 4.71 to 16.4mg/kg (Al). The levels of Pb, Ni and Al were above FAO/WHO recommended limit of 0.01mg/kg, 0.05mg/kg and 7mg/kg respectively. The presence of heavy metals like lead (Pb) above the permissible limit calls for caution during production and in the frequent consumption of canned foods which may lead to accumulation of metals, toxicity and the sequelae