637 research outputs found
General dissipation coefficient in low-temperature warm inflation
In generic particle physics models, the inflaton field is coupled to other
bosonic and fermionic fields that acquire large masses during inflation and may
decay into light degrees of freedom. This leads to dissipative effects that
modify the inflationary dynamics and may generate a nearly-thermal radiation
bath, such that inflation occurs in a warm rather than supercooled environment.
In this work, we perform a numerical computation and obtain expressions for the
associated dissipation coefficient in supersymmetric models, focusing on the
regime where the radiation temperature is below the heavy mass threshold. The
dissipation coefficient receives contributions from the decay of both on-shell
and off-shell degrees of freedom, which are dominant for small and large
couplings, respectively, taking into account the light field multiplicities. In
particular, we find that the contribution from on-shell decays, although
Boltzmann-suppressed, can be much larger than that of virtual modes, which is
bounded by the validity of a perturbative analysis. This result opens up new
possibilities for realizations of warm inflation in supersymmetric field
theories.Comment: 25 pages, 13 figures; revised version with new results added;
published in JCA
Neutrino quasinormal modes of the Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole
The neutrino quasinormal modes of the Reissner-Nordstr\"om (RN) black hole
are investigated using continued fraction approach. We find, for large angular
quantum number, that the quasinormal frequencies become evenly spaced and the
spacing of the real part depends on the charge of the black hole and that of
the imaginary part is zero. We then find that the quasinormal frequencies in
the complex plane move counterclockwise as the charge increases. They
get a spiral-like shape, moving out of their Schwarzschild value and ``looping
in" towards some limiting frequency as the charge tends to the extremal value.
The number of the spirals increases as the overtone number increases but it
decreases as the angular quantum number increases. We also find that both the
real and imaginary parts are oscillatory functions of the charge, and the
oscillation becomes faster as the overtone number increases but it becomes
slower as the angular quantum number increases.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure
Multiscale analysis of re-entrant production lines: An equation-free approach
The computer-assisted modeling of re-entrant production lines, and, in
particular, simulation scalability, is attracting a lot of attention due to the
importance of such lines in semiconductor manufacturing. Re-entrant flows lead
to competition for processing capacity among the items produced, which
significantly impacts their throughput time (TPT). Such production models
naturally exhibit two time scales: a short one, characteristic of single items
processed through individual machines, and a longer one, characteristic of the
response time of the entire factory. Coarse-grained partial differential
equations for the spatio-temporal evolution of a "phase density" were obtained
through a kinetic theory approach in Armbruster et al. [2]. We take advantage
of the time scale separation to directly solve such coarse-grained equations,
even when we cannot derive them explicitly, through an equation-free
computational approach. Short bursts of appropriately initialized stochastic
fine-scale simulation are used to perform coarse projective integration on the
phase density. The key step in this process is lifting: the construction of
fine-scale, discrete realizations consistent with a given coarse-grained phase
density field. We achieve this through computational evaluation of conditional
distributions of a "phase velocity" at the limit of large item influxes.Comment: 14 pages, 17 figure
On Horadam Sequences with Dense Orbits and Pseudo-Random Number Generators
Horadam sequence is a general recurrence of second order in the complex plane, depending on four complex parameters (two initial values and two recurrence coefficients). These sequences have been investigated over more than 60 years, but new properties and applications are still being discovered. Small parameter variations may dramatically impact the sequence orbits, generating numerous patterns: periodic, convergent, divergent, or dense within one dimensional curves. Here we explore Horadam sequences whose orbit is dense within a 2D region of the complex plane, while the complex argument is uniformly distributed in an interval. This enables the design of a pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) for the uniform distribution, for which we test periodicity, correlation, Monte Carlo estimation of π, and the NIST battery of tests. We then calculate the probability distribution of the radii of the sequence terms of Horadam sequences. Finally, we propose extensions of these results for generalized Horadam sequences of third order
The CMB Bispectrum
We use a separable mode expansion estimator with WMAP data to estimate the
bispectrum for all the primary families of non-Gaussian models. We review the
late-time mode expansion estimator methodology which can be applied to any
non-separable primordial and CMB bispectrum model, and we demonstrate how the
method can be used to reconstruct the CMB bispectrum from an observational map.
We extend the previous validation of the general estimator using local map
simulations. We apply the estimator to the coadded WMAP 5-year data,
reconstructing the WMAP bispectrum using multipoles and
orthonormal 3D eigenmodes. We constrain all popular nearly scale-invariant
models, ensuring that the theoretical bispectrum is well-described by a
convergent mode expansion. Constraints from the local model \fnl=54.4\pm
29.4 and the equilateral model \fnl=143.5\pm 151.2 (\Fnl = 25.1\pm 26.4)
are consistent with previously published results. (Here, we use a nonlinearity
parameter \Fnl normalised to the local case, to allow more direct comparison
between different models.) Notable new constraints from our method include
those for the constant model \Fnl = 35.1 \pm 27.4 , the flattened model \Fnl
= 35.4\pm 29.2, and warm inflation \Fnl = 10.3\pm 27.2. We investigate
feature models surveying a wide parameter range in both the scale and phase,
and we find no significant evidence of non-Gaussianity in the models surveyed.
We propose a measure \barFnl for the total integrated bispectrum and find
that the measured value is consistent with the null hypothesis that CMB
anisotropies obey Gaussian statistics. We argue that this general bispectrum
survey with the WMAP data represents the best evidence for Gaussianity to date
and we discuss future prospects, notably from the Planck satellite
Projective and Coarse Projective Integration for Problems with Continuous Symmetries
Temporal integration of equations possessing continuous symmetries (e.g.
systems with translational invariance associated with traveling solutions and
scale invariance associated with self-similar solutions) in a ``co-evolving''
frame (i.e. a frame which is co-traveling, co-collapsing or co-exploding with
the evolving solution) leads to improved accuracy because of the smaller time
derivative in the new spatial frame. The slower time behavior permits the use
of {\it projective} and {\it coarse projective} integration with longer
projective steps in the computation of the time evolution of partial
differential equations and multiscale systems, respectively. These methods are
also demonstrated to be effective for systems which only approximately or
asymptotically possess continuous symmetries. The ideas of projective
integration in a co-evolving frame are illustrated on the one-dimensional,
translationally invariant Nagumo partial differential equation (PDE). A
corresponding kinetic Monte Carlo model, motivated from the Nagumo kinetics, is
used to illustrate the coarse-grained method. A simple, one-dimensional
diffusion problem is used to illustrate the scale invariant case. The
efficiency of projective integration in the co-evolving frame for both the
macroscopic diffusion PDE and for a random-walker particle based model is again
demonstrated
Compound basis arising from the basic -module
A new basis for the polynomial ring of infinitely many variables is
constructed which consists of products of Schur functions and Q-functions. The
transition matrix from the natural Schur function basis is investigated.Comment: 12 page
Magnetic Field Trapping High-T_c Superconductors
This research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHY-931478
Warming up for Planck
The recent Planck results and future releases on the horizon present a key
opportunity to address a fundamental question in inflationary cosmology of
whether primordial density perturbations have a quantum or thermal origin, i.e.
whether particle production may have significant effects during inflation. Warm
inflation provides a natural arena to address this issue, with interactions
between the scalar inflaton and other degrees of freedom leading to dissipative
entropy production and associated thermal fluctuations. In this context, we
present relations between CMB observables that can be directly tested against
observational data. In particular, we show that the presence of a thermal bath
warmer than the Hubble scale during inflation decreases the tensor-to-scalar
ratio with respect to the conventional prediction in supercooled inflation,
yielding , where is the tensor spectral index. Focusing on
supersymmetric models at low temperatures, we determine consistency relations
between the observables characterizing the spectrum of adiabatic scalar and
tensor modes, both for generic potentials and particular canonical examples,
and which we compare with the WMAP and Planck results. Finally, we include the
possibility of producing the observed baryon asymmetry during inflation through
dissipative effects, thereby generating baryon isocurvature modes that can be
easily accommodated by the Planck data.Comment: 14 pages, 10 figures. Published in JCA
Non-Gaussianity from false vacuum inflation: Old curvaton scenario
We calculate the three-point correlation function of the comoving curvature
perturbation generated during an inflationary epoch driven by false vacuum
energy. We get a novel false vacuum shape bispectrum, which peaks in the
equilateral limit. Using this result, we propose a scenario which we call "old
curvaton". The shape of the resulting bispectrum lies between the local and the
false vacuum shapes. In addition we have a large running of the spectral index.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figures; v2 with minor revison; v3 final version to
appear on JCA
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